关于不定式用法的知识点小结

sabriye

非常感谢，版主大好人！！

sharon213

借本帖宝地问个关于不定式的问题

70．  Faced with an estimated$2 billion budget gap，the city's mayor proposed a nearly 17 percent reduction in the amount allocated the previous year to maintain the city’s major cultural institutions and to subsidize hundreds of local arts groups．

(A)  proposed a nearly 17 percent reduction in the amount allocated the previous year to maintain the city's major cultural institutions and to subsidize

(B)  proposed a reduction from the previous year of nearly 17 percent in the amount it was allocating to maintain the city，S major cultural institutions and for subsidizing

(C)  proposed to reduce，by nearly 17 percent，the amount from the previous year that was allocated for the maintenance of the city’s major cultural institutions and to subsidize

(D)  has proposed a reduction from the previous year of nearly 17 percent of the amount it was allocating for maintaining the city’s major cultural institutions．and to subsidize

(E)  was proposing that the amount they were allocating be reduced by nearly 17 percent from the previous year for maintaining the city's major cultural institutions and for the subsidization

Parallelism + Grammar

The original sentence contains no errors．Each alternative introduces an error or adds unnecessary words．The sentence must use parallel construction to maintain and to subsidize
    to show clearly the two areas where the 1 7 percent reduction in funds will be applied．In addition，the 1 7 percent reduction should be closely followed by the amount allocated the previon year to clarify what is being reduced by 1 7 percent．

A  Correct．The sentence uses parallel construction and a well-placed modifier．

B  To maintain and subsidizing are not parallel；imprecise，with unclear antecedent for it．

C  For the maintenance and to subsidize are not parallel；wordy．

D  For maintaining and to subsidize are not parallel；unclear whether only one budget is being reduce to subsidize the other activity；imprecise，with unclear antecedent for it．

E  Maintaining and the subsidization are not parallel; unclear whether one activity's budget is being reduced to maintain or subsidize the other activity imprecise．with unclear antecedent for they．

The correct answer is A．

这题的A选项虽然是最平行的，可是读过一边马上就能感觉到不定式的修饰有歧义。to maintain 。。 and to subsidize 。。会被误认为修饰allocated，变成“削减的是去年allocated to maintain 。。 and to subsidize 。。的那部分资金，而不是修饰谓语proposed。

虽然E不平行，但好像for不会有这样的修饰一起嘛？？请斑斑指点一下

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-12-17 23:48:57编辑过]

aeoluseros

ummm...这个题我认为是to maintain and to subsidize是优先修饰allocated的，而不是修饰proposed的。

首先，allocated to do sth.是固定搭配之一，其次不定式就近优先修饰allocated，再者，你再看未划线的Faced with an estimated$2 billion budget gap，既然财政预算有缺口了，那就需要填补空缺，而不是再多花费钱给文化产业(这不符合实际，在财政紧张的时候文化产业一般是后考虑的)。

sharon213

发麻烦斑斑看一下红色部分，题目的意思好像是说这两个不定式 是这个17%的减少将要被运用的地方

aeoluseros

恩，我还是坚持原观点，大家再看看.

拒信飞来

我对A有两个疑问：

（1）the city's mayor, proposed中的逗号怎么在主谓之间啊

（2）The sentence must use parallel construction to maintain and to subsidize
    to show clearly the two areas where the 1 7 percent reduction in funds will be applied

中的apply修饰的是reduction，可不可以理解为17%的减少是指的是在这两个产业上将要实施的减少，分别减少对。。的维持和对。。的支助

我认为to maintain and to subsidize是修饰allocated，理由是根据逻辑意思，应该减少的是一些文化产业，要保全的是基本设施和温饱问题

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-12-17 23:39:56编辑过]

sharon213

真对不住，偶的错，多了个逗号拒信童鞋非常细心~~

偶明白了~

不是说这个17%的减少将要被用在to。。and to。。

而是说这个17%的减少将要被运用到对这两个方面的减少上去

不过这个the two areas where the 1 7 percent reduction in funds will be applied很容易就读成我之前想的那样了~

谢谢拒信同学和斑斑

AlienX

hmm...個人理解:
propose本身有一個目的的含意, 所以to do something不會修propose除了someone proposes to do something.  因為這個結構propose是有目的的含意, 可是to do something不是表目的, 它是在說propose去做什麼.
看了所有OG/Prep的題, propose的用法有如下:
someone proposes something...
someone proposes something that...
someone proposes that...

someone proposes to do something...
所以**感覺上**, 當propose之後的object/緊接著的infinitive出現後, 餘下的東東都不會修propose
==============================================
E中的that從句的subjunctive mood(...be reduced...)錯

aeoluseros

以下是引用AlienX在2008-12-18 8:36:00的发言：
hmm...個人理解:
propose本身有一個目的的含意, 所以to do something不會修propose除了someone proposes to do something.  因為這個結構propose是有目的的含意, 可是to do something不是表目的, 它是在說propose去做什麼.
看了所有OG/Prep的題, propose的用法有如下:
someone proposes something...
someone proposes something that...
someone proposes that...

someone proposes to do something...
所以**感覺上**, 當propose之後的object/緊接著的infinitive出現後, 餘下的東東都不會修propose
==============================================
E中的that從句的subjunctive mood(...be reduced...)錯

哇，我没有思考到这个层次上...alien兄,thanks~~

aeoluseros

以下是引用拒信飞来在2008-12-17 23:39:00的发言：

我对A有两个疑问：

（1）the city's mayor, proposed中的逗号怎么在主谓之间啊

（2）The sentence must use parallel construction to maintain and to subsidize
    to show clearly the two areas where the 1 7 percent reduction in funds will be applied

中的apply修饰的是reduction，可不可以理解为17%的减少是指的是在这两个产业上将要实施的减少，分别减少对。。的维持和对。。的支助

我认为to maintain and to subsidize是修饰allocated，理由是根据逻辑意思，应该减少的是一些文化产业，要保全的是基本设施和温饱问题

impressive!

运用的是