According to findings derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the area of the brain in which a second or third language is stored depends on the age of the language learner; whereas each language occupies a distinct area of the brain in an adult learner, language areas overlap in a young child.
while, whereas, or although The use of "while" to show contrast is common and accepted in informal usage. In formal writing, however, "while" should be reserved to show that two or more events occur at the same time. In the following sentence, the two events are occurring simultaneously.
Measurements were taken while the specimen was rotating in the rig. For comparisons and contrasts, "whereas" and "although" should be used instead of "while."
Positions are logged manually, whereas temperatures and pressures are recorded automatically by the thin-film sensors. These two events happen in different ways. They do not necessarily occur at the same time.
Although positions are logged manually, temperatures and pressures are recorded automatically by the thin-film sensors. The meaning of this sentence is similar to the previous one, but it places more emphasis on the differences between the two events.
Indiscriminate use of "while" where "whereas" or "although" would be more appropriate can even result in ambiguity and misunderstanding:
While my cat, Princess, eats quickly, she enjoys a leisurely stroll. Does she do both at the same time? Using "whereas" or "although" in this sentence would clear up the confusion.
In each sentence, select the best choice for formal writing:
While /Although the method is efficient for most applications, it can produce errors when small, irregularly shaped specimens are tested. Place the sample into the rig while / whereas the power is off. The Structures Division had responsibility for the fan blade design, while /whereas the Materials Division was to develop the composite material for the blade. (The two projects are not necessarily happening at the same time.) While /Although the experiment was thermal cycling, an inert atmosphere was maintained to avoid oxidation of the aluminum framework. The single-crystal material is somewhat stronger, while /whereas the composite is significantly lighter. Make sure that excessive pressure is not applied while / whereas the surfaces are in contact with each other.
According to findings derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the area of the brain in which a second or third language is stored depends on the age of the language learner; whereas each language occupies a distinct area of the brain in an adult learner, language areas overlap in a young child.
whereas each language occupies a distinct area of the brain in an adult learner,
whereas for adults each language occupies a distinct area of the brain and
each language occupies a distinct area of the brain when they are learned by an adult, while
each language in adults occupied a distinct area of the brain, while
each language occupying a distinct area of the brain for an adult learner, and