GWD-3-Q27 中的after that...

aeoluseros

Competition in the mid-nineteenth century by large western farms gradually caused farmers in Pennsylvania to turn to livestock raising, but before that it was predominantly grain-producing.

A.Competition in the mid-nineteenth century by large western farms gradually caused farmers in Pennsylvania to turn to livestock raising, but before that it was  predominantly grain-producing.

B.Once predominantly a grain-producing state , competition in the mid-nineteenth century from large western farms gradually was causing Pennsylvania's farmers to turn to livestock raising.

C.Pennsylvania's farmers were gradually caused  to turn to livestock raising by competition from large western farms in the mid-nineteenth century, but before that it was predominantly a grain-producing state.

D.It was  once predominantly grain-producing, but competition in the mid-nineteenth century by large western farms was gradually causing Pennsylvania's farmers to turn to livestock raising.

E.Pennsylvania was once a predominantly grain-producing state, but competition in the mid-nineteenth century from large western farms gradually caused the state's farmers to turn to livestock raising.

OA:E          
Selecting out the right answer is quite easy as there are to many mistakes in other options.  

As in choice A, for example, the 'it' after 'that' have no clear antecedent. But is the 'that' before 'it' used right? should the 'that'  be replaced by 'which' to sound more idiomatic?

umm...other deficiencies are quite clear, the 'after which/that' problem very annoys me a lot...

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-10-22 19:57:38编辑过]

Zeldaw

我觉得which是不对的，因为这里不是非限定性的定语从句。that指代前面的livestock raising.

不过我也不喜欢这个that,因为感觉意思上before的是前面整个句子，而不仅仅是livestock raising. that不能用来指代前面整个句子的。所以that我觉得也不好，但是which是不行的。

就是这样了，大家觉得呢？

aeoluseros

是不是before/after+that/which是固定的时间表达呢？而其中的that/which是指代前面的event的？

这个before/after+that/which一直查不到，而从alien那里也核实了after that平时是挺常用的，只是找不到确定的evidence来证明这个用法...

可是如果which不对：

Because Miranda, the smallest moon of Uranus, has a large number of different surface features, including craters, mountains, valleys, and fractures, some astronomers suggest that at one time repeated impacts broke the surface apart, and after which the fragments were subsequently rejoined because of mutual gravitational attraction.

A. repeated impacts broke the surface apart, and after which the fragments were subsequently rejoined because of

B. repeated impacts on the surface broke it apart, after which the fragments having rejoined with

C. through repeated impacts that the surface broke apart, after which the fragments subsequently rejoined by.

D. the surface broke apart with repeated impacts, after which the fragments having rejoined through.

E. the surface broke apart as a result of repeated impacts , after which the fragments rejoined through.

这个题是选E的...我问了个外教，他说after which是一个time expression. 所以没有问题

aeoluseros

bump...

aeoluseros

bump...

aeoluseros

bump..

caizeen

两个nn的讨论，让我不好意思插问下了，版主说很简单，因为其他选项很容易看出的错误。但是我就是对这种全划线的题目有点晕，不知道从何切入，请指教下解题思路？

我也看过坛子里的“三板斧”这篇文章，但是实际运用起来，尤其是碰到生词多一点的，就完全没有切入方向了

另外，再请版主谈下其它选项的错误点了，实在多些，呵呵

钱文静

弱弱的参与一下，我觉得A选项要是用after which是可以的，但是要把but去掉，而且离competition有点远，不过有逗号也Ok拉，非限定嘛，后来那个选E的用which没错的，是非限定，我觉得这种离得远的，有逗号通过逻辑判断，没啥问题

AlienX

太遠的which指代很risky, 而且it沒指代...