求助prep141

西风瘦马

51. A study on couples' retirement transitions found that women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported high marital satisfaction, more so than those who retired completely.
                

A. more so than those who retired

B. which was more than if they had retired

C. more than when retiring

D. more than if they were to retire

E. which was more so than those retiring

 

 

A: correct，those指women；who took 和who retired平行
            

B: more than前后不平行
            

C: 同上
            

D: 同上
            

E: which 和 so意思重复
            

这个句式困惑我好久了，破解注释和笔记也说的不清楚，到底 ，more so than those who retired 是什莫结构？应该不是省略which的非限定性丛句which is more so than those who retired 显然不对，也不是同位语，好像应该是report的状语，但为什模要加个“，”呢？so到底指代什莫呢？恳请NN解释下结构或完全还原一下句子，感谢

这个句式困惑我好久了，破解注释和笔记也说的不清楚，到底 ，more so than those who retired 是什莫结构？应该不是省略which的非限定性丛句which is more so than those who retired 显然不对，也不是同位语，好像应该是report的状语，但为什模要加个“，”呢？so到底指代什莫呢？恳请NN解释下结构或完全还原一下句子，感谢

doorman198

抛砖引玉，我先谈谈我的理解。
先说说SO，根据dictionary.reference.com中对于SO作代词的解释

–pronoun
21. such as has been stated: to be good and stay so. 
22. something that is about or near the persons or things in question, as in number or amount: Of the original twelve, five or so remain. 

SO就是代前面提过的东西，

而more so than中，more 显然是形容词，形容“多”的概念
那么SO指代satisfaction比较合理。

再说“，”
我把这个逗号看成类似于逗号对于动名词的作用
有这个逗号，说明more so than 是修饰主语的，也就是women who took的
如果没有这个逗号，就会产生歧义。

再说把这句补全
我觉得这个我最拿不准，补不看吧。

A study on couples' retirement transitions found that women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported high marital satisfaction, （having）more so than those who retired completely. 

这是硬补出来的，have这个动词是根据more so理解出来的，请大家酌情理解，
其实我觉得由于逗号的特殊作用，其实把more so than those who retired completely，理解为对主语的修饰,那么他就是和who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers 对于women的修饰作用一样，只是有个内容表达的前后及修饰的表达的主次关系。

西风瘦马

谢谢doorman的详细解答，你好像认为more so than those who retired completely是定语，修饰woman,但我老觉得更像是状语修饰report,还原了应该表示这样的意思

women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported high marital satisfaction more than those who retired completely reported

如果按你的看法作定语似乎意思不太通阿，望继续指教。大家都说说看法吧，有好几个题都是这个句式 ，希望把它彻底搞清楚

ricee

so - adv.

4
            used to refer back to an idea, action, quality, situation etc that has just been mentioned
    

hope so/think so/say so etc
        

'Will I need my umbrella?' 'I don't think so.'

If you want to go home, just say so.

be more so/less so/too much so
        

The band is popular and likely to become more so.

Jerry is very honest, perhaps too much so.

The troops will not advance until ordered to
                    do so.

此句so代替前面的"to report high marital satisfaction" 这一情况。more so than...作伴随状语。

doorman198

首先，我认为more so than those  是状语，定语和状语的区别我认为是由位置决定的，我上文的解释可以有些不够清晰。

再说接着楼上说说说so，我也考虑过楼上所说的情况。

so 做adv

do so ,think so 的用法，我觉得这里不是，因为在这种形式下，

so 必须配合前面的动词，才能起到“4
            used to refer back to an idea, action, quality, situation etc that has just been mentioned ”这一作用，

比如ricee给的例子中的think so, become more os, perhaps too much so(这个例子too much 是形容词部分指代honest)

so 所做副词本身，指代动作并不合适。

more so than those 如果so是副词，应该是doing more so than those do

欢迎大家继续讨论

doorman198

我现在倾向于ricee mm的解释，

因为通读全句确实，比较应该是动作，

而且我自己解释的时候也把所谓省略的have补出来了，

为什么不能补do呢，

呵呵！

补动作起到就是比较动作的目的，更好。

songlovegt

感谢楼上的精彩讨论，
我认为也有可能还原成
more women (who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers) reported high marital satisfaction than those who retired completely.

另外 more so than those who retired 应该是独立主格。

有以形容词及副词开始的独立主格形式，

absolute phrase after a noun

Another
kind of absolute phrase is found after a modified noun; it adds a
focusing detail or point of focus to the idea of the main clause. This
kind of absolute phrase can take the form of a prepositional phrase, an
adverbial phrase, an adjective phrase, or a noun phrase.

• Julie crossed the finish line, aware only that she'd broken her personal record, not that she'd broken a world record.
• Budi
  finished his test confidently, his right hand sore from having written
  so much, but his mind relieved that it was finally over.
• Erin Billy likes talking to his grandmother because she seems to know that life could change at any moment -- unpredictably.
• "Please photocopy this set of exercises for me -- the sooner, the better."

Although
absolute phrases are optional in sentences (meaning they can be removed
and the sentence will still be grammatically correct), the are
sometimes used to provide the most important information of the
sentence:

• Our
  substitute teacher entered the room, her eyes stern, her stance
  aggressive, and her demeanor intimating that she would not take any
  flak from her students that day.
• Their
  dreams shattered and lives destroyed, the family stared in disbelief at
  the pile of wood, glass, and metal that was once their house.

In
these sentences, you will notice that the information in the absolute
phrases is actually more important than that in the main sentences.

具体关于独立主格的用法见

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&replyid=453796&id=48096&page=1&skin=0&Star=1

Mayanist

51. A study on couples' retirement transitions found that women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported high marital satisfaction, more so than those who retired completely.
   

如果我们先不看比较级，是不是可以写为：

（1）A study on couples' retirement transitions found that women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported high marital satisfaction, so did those who retired completely.

下面对so这个副词进行比较：

（2）..., more so than (did) those who retired completely.
      

如果这么理解可以的话，那么这个句子本身会引起误解，特别是从句（1）看，so did ... 更象是修饰主句，就象： A study found X, so did B.

请看是不是如下改写更明确：

（3）A study on couples' retirement transitions found that, compared to those who retired completely, women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers were more likely to report high marital satisfaction.

或者：

（4）A study on couples' retirement transitions found that, compared to those who retired completely, women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported higher marital satisfaction.

（3）（4）句意义上有些区别，这也是原句引起的ambiguity之一。

请指正

如果我们先不看比较级，是不是可以写为：

（1）A study on couples' retirement transitions found that women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported high marital satisfaction, so did those who retired completely.

下面对so这个副词进行比较：

（2）..., more so than (did) those who retired completely.
      

如果这么理解可以的话，那么这个句子本身会引起误解，特别是从句（1）看，so did ... 更象是修饰主句，就象： A study found X, so did B.

请看是不是如下改写更明确：

（3）A study on couples' retirement transitions found that, compared to those who retired completely, women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers were more likely to report high marital satisfaction.

或者：

（4）A study on couples' retirement transitions found that, compared to those who retired completely, women who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported higher marital satisfaction.

（3）（4）句意义上有些区别，这也是原句引起的ambiguity之一。

请指正

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-2-17 22:22:40编辑过]

Mayanist

以下是引用songlovegt在2009-2-17 10:43:00的发言：

absolute phrase after a noun

Another kind of absolute phrase is found after a modified noun; it adds a
focusing detail or point of focus to the idea of the main clause.

Julie crossed the finish line, aware only that she'd broken her personal record, not that she'd broken a world record.

谢谢转贴 absolute phrase

不过不太理解“Another kind of absolute phrase is found after a modified noun;” 我看不出其例句中 absolute phrase 与 a modified noun 有什么联系，aware only that 难道是修饰 line 的吗？我看是修饰  Julie crossed the finish line 整个主句。
    

请指点
    

    

== 另外不知道为什么帖子的某些部分自动重复，，例如我的上贴，发表之前看不见重复，重新修改都去不掉， quite annoying ==

songlovegt

多谢回复，
（1）A
study on couples' retirement transitions found that women who took new
jobs after retiring from their primary careers reported high marital
satisfaction, so did those who retired completely.
这个想法很有创意。


另根据定义，感觉absolute phrase  只是形式上要求其前面是a sentence or a noun，
absolute phrase 与 a modified noun 这个我也不明白

Absolute Phrases

Definition and rules.
An absolute phrase is a modifier (quite often a participle), or a
modifier and a few other words, that attaches to a sentence or a noun,
with no conjunction. An absolute phrase cannot contain a finite verb.