请教PREP1 134

xiaofan1016

有人帮忙吗 谢谢了！

gjjemily

看了prep的解释，也看了前人的解释，可是依然不明白。

我觉得require后面应该引导两个动作：to see more patients and to spend less time with each。如果这样的话，岂不是该选Ａ？可是为什么选Ｄ呢?

mengdong

From: http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/among-lower-paid-workers-union-members-are-less-likely-t1904.html

you have to realize which verbs are supposed to be parallel and which aren't.  there's no grammatical formula for this; you have to examine the meaning of the sentence to figure it out.
- 'impose' (in whatever form) should be parallel to 'require' (again, in whatever form).  these are two different things, both of which are aspects of the plan (= logical parallelism).
- 'spend' should not be parallel to 'see', because it functions as a modifier of 'see' (it's a descriptive adverb modifier, detailing the way in which the doctors see the patients).

choice a: 'spend' is ungrammatical here (it has no logical subject, and isn't parallel to anything).
choice b: imposing, requiring, and spending are all parallel, implying that the insurance plans do all three of these things (an absurdity in the last case).
choice c: all three verbs are parallel again, leading to the same absurdity witnessed in choice b.
choice d (= correct): the parallelism follows the model outlined above: only the verbs that are logically parallel appear in parallel structure.
choice e: 'requiring' and 'spending' are parallel in the modifier, implying that the plans themselves spend time with patients (in addition to requiring blah blah blah).  this doesn't make sense.

jbc88

这题我选了A
虽然用that从句修饰plan是比ing直接修饰好，但我觉得ing修饰不算错
我的问题是require sb to do A and to do B 是否可以省略B前的to？

流浪的心

我觉得不可以省略to

并且and前面没有必要逗号

查理密

说这题选A啊 讲义61. Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than nonunion members to be enrolled in lower-end insurance plans imposing stricter limits on medical services and requiring doctors to see more patients, and spend less time with each.+ c) H8 R" t. p& K$ Q
(A) imposing stricter limits on medical services and requiring doctors to see more patients, and spend
(B) imposing stricter limits on medical services, requiring doctors to see more patients, and spending
(C) that impose stricter limits on medical services, require doctors to see more patients, and spend
(D) that impose stricter limits on medical services and require doctors to see more patients, spending
(E) that impose stricter limits on medical services, requiring doctors to see more patients and spending" i# L6 C. @* m
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第一步，看平行。这一题的平行，先看划线内。
A.( T% e: ]4 y3 H' i) q: e
imposing…and requiring…to do A, and do B.结构没问题。To see…and (to) spend, 这里可以省略to的可能。
B.3 C. B$ U' y, _. h
imposing, requiring…to see, and spending. 结构没问题。可以是三个ing平行，require to do也正常。, [8 ]' c: f. I/ L( i& L( `
C.
impose…require…to see, and spend, 结构没问题。可以是三个动词原型，require to do也对。) @; H( e, t" ]* y: x9 C
D.& r/ g1 M( h( v9 [# V, }
impose…and require…to see, spending, 结构没问题。Impose和require构成平行，spending在外面，这从结构上来看是可以的。
E.
impose…requiring to see and spending, 结构没问题。这里是requiring和spending平行。
到了这里，考点默默地从考语法结构转移到了考逻辑思维。
看看动词的发出者是谁。impose只能是plans发出的，require也同样只能是plans发出的。另外to see more patients和spend less time with each是doctors发出的。（没有为什么，逻辑常识，想不通的，慢慢琢磨）。2 ]* h; i& b& A4 D3 L
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所以impose和plan必须结构平行，see和spend也必须机构平行。正确答案需要符合这两对平行关系。选A。! h# q O0 O0 y8 x M, j6 a$ N: f
注意比如C当中，impose…, require…不能算这两者平行，因为中间缺少平行的基本条件and。2 w0 @! _9 Q/ U" ?% T- g& w
这种题显现了GMAT的出题方向。形式结构上，一点问题都没有。换而言之，英语好的人如果通过语法分析不怎么能占便宜。考点着重在思维考察，那么思维严谨的人，在考试中就能脱颖而出。在这种考题中，谁做的动作，特别重要。这种题目可以背下来，培养语感。

题外话：第一阶段的训练到此结束。跟动词有关的全部到点，到此为止。重温一下。

hejianrui

LS在哪里听的啊？

haiwen

语法笔记中说现在分词spending作see的伴随状语，记得伴随状语只能用来修饰主句的动作（逻辑主语为主句主语），或者整个的主句的（逻辑主语为主句），难道也可以修饰宾语补足语中的动作（逻辑主语为宾补动作的发出者吗）？求解答，谢谢！

boa0711

同问呢~这个问题貌似很久以前就提出来一直没有得到解答~

DY567

'spend' should not be parallel to 'see', because it functions as a modifier of 'see' (it's a descriptive adverb modifier, detailing the way in which the doctors see the patients).
上面RON说的很明白，that从句来解释这是一个什么样的plan:把严格的限制强加到医疗服务中，并且要求医生看更多病人---“看更多的病人”导致了“医生分给每个病人的时间就少了”，而不是这个plan要求医生要分给更少的时间给病人，所以spending这句是做修饰的。请大家多读几遍体会句意~