[求助]请教几个用法

dreadpower

1，关于介词做定语和状语，经常混淆，请教（例子如大全17的C选项，大全73的A选项等）
         比如这样两个句子
         ......+名词，介词短语
         ......+名词+介词短语
        这样两种结构，第一种结构中的介词短语似乎总是做状语修饰句子（联想到分词）
                             第二种结构中的介词短语可以做定语修饰名词也可做状语修饰句子
73.Alaska regularly deposits some of its profits from the sale of oil into a special fund, with the intention to sustain the state’s economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves.
(A) fund, with the intention to sustain the state’s economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves
(C) fund intended to sustain the state’s economy after oil reserves are exhausted
答案是C

17.    A patient accusing a doctor of malpractice will find it difficult to prove damage if there is a lack of some other doctor to testify about proper medical procedures.
(C) without another doctor’s testimony

   
    2，关于as well as（例子见大全74）
        是不是可以这么说：do A , as well as do B
                                   do A as well as B
                                   do A and B, as well as C 还是 do A and B, as well as do C
                                   do A and B as well as C（似乎不可以，对吗？）

74.All-terrain vehicles have allowed vacationers to reach many previously inaccessible areas, but they have also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging the nation’s recreational areas.
(A) deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging
(B) deaths and injuring thousands, and serious damage to
(C) deaths, thousands who are injured, as well as seriously damaging
(D) deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as doing serious damage to
(E) deaths, thousands are injured, and they do serious damage to

     另外：类似于大全74这样的题目，我总觉得有两种可能的平行方式，于是做题目时，脑子思维比较乱，有没有什么好的思路？请指教

        

Marrow

1.我有俩想法，还请ge兄和其他大牛论证。一是intended，这里intended不是fund想要做啥，是fund被A develop出来想要做啥，所以with the intention用在fund后不合适；二是后面的after,俩选项表达的意思应该一样，用法也正确，但a选项反而要比c来的要好，按句意，oil reserves必指a地的，但c没有限定，hoho,当然，这即使错，也只是小错。

rabbitbug

好长的问题啊, 不过, 很欣赏你的结构, 做的很漂亮. 所以忍不住回复一下你的帖子, 希望对你有点帮助.
73题, 其实就是在考intend 的用法, 并且要求根据句子的意思准确判断出intend的逻辑主语. 对于这道题来说, 划线的位置可以是intending, 这样, 所对应的主语是Alaska, 也可以是intended, 主语就是fund了. 在这里, 必须从句意判断出intend后面的防护措施是fund的直接目的,所以要用intended.
对于介词短语来说, 也不能一概而论. 象73中的with..., 前面用逗号分隔, 它是修饰整个句子的, 严格的说是句子主语的. 而17中的without, 尽管没有逗号间隔,但是它也是修饰整个句子的. 这里最好根据介词短语跟句子, 或者临近名词的关系来判断,要读懂句意了.

as well as, 有两种词性: 介词和连词, 也就是说他可以连接两个并列成分都是名词性的, 或者是形容词性, 或者是句子. 但是, 我个人理解, as well as通常连接两个并列成分, 如果有三个或三个以上,就要用..., ..., ..., and....这样的结构了. 对于74, 并不是因为只能用as well as 结构, 而是要考虑到hundreds of deaths and thousands of injuries, 这个并列结构. 如果不用as well as表达也可以, 可以用for causing...., injurying... and damaging..., 这样也符合并列的原则.

OK?

Marrow

ets的并列要求不但词性，还有意思要一样，death和injury平行;从意思看，causing和damaging平行。

dreadpower

万分感谢楼上两位大侠的指点！