各个击破之IBT听力（大家可以进来一起讨论听力的方法，切磋听力遇到的问题）

au1204

upup

colorful_na

LIVY总结的很全面啊upup

livygre

Oct.18 CD1-track13

The Book Of The Dead(Archeology Lecture)

The Book of the Dead is the name given by Egyptologists(埃及学家)to a collection of chapters
made up of groups of spells, incantations(符咒，咒语）, and mummification techiniques. This book
was designed to help the deceased（逝去的人啊） live a happy afterlife in "heaven". The book was
supposed to be read by the deceased during their journey into the Underworld.It is
New Kingdom text, which is similar to many texts found in the pyramids. The texts
found in the pyramids are classified as the Old Kingdome text, and the text found in
Egyptian coffins are classified as the Middle Kingdom text.Both texts outline the
ceremony performed at the funeral of an important person.(说明了死亡之书的用途) The movies have led us to
believe that we should not read from The Book of the Dead, but in fact ,the book
needed to be read by ancient Egyptians interested in an afterlife. To put it in modern
terms(时间出现,开始compare了), think about how modern religious rituals are run.You go to your place of
worship, and rituals and holy texts are read out to you from a book. In Ancient Egypt,
these burial rituals weren't immediately read from a book. At first ,they were read
directly off the walls of their chambers of a pyramid and later were read directly off
the sides of the coffins. The Book of the Dead was read off of papyrus sheets, much as
religious rituals today are read out of books. Like some modern day holy books, The
Book of the Dead was meant to be relatively cheap to purchase(比价格）, unlike buying a
pyramid or a coffin. This would ensure that any fairly well-off（走运的） person could buy a
hand-written copy of the book and use it on a loved one. if you were an Egypian with
a fair bit of money in the New Kingdom, you would buy a copy of the book that would
have blanks where the name of the loved one（已故的亲人or爱人） should be placed. Then all you had to do
was hire someone called a scribe to write the name in all the blank spots.

1. What is the main topic of the lecture?
A Three Kingdoms in Ancient Egypt.
B Burial ritual and The Book of the Dead in Ancient Egypt.
C Mummification and pyramids in Ancient Egypt.
D Funeral in Ancient Egypt and modern religious rituals.

2. What is the main method that the professor uses for the explanation?
A Comparing.
B Giving examples.
C Quoting researchers’ words
D Telling related fables.

colorful_na

up

黄公子

好帖子不要沉阿，真希望版主能专门开个讨论板块或者把讨论的帖子归纳成一个帖子置顶！

livygre

Oct.18 CD1-Track17

Journalism: Newspapers and Journalists

In the US constitution it is stated that the congress shall make no law abridging the
freedom of speech of the press. This puts forth the foundation of journalism in the
United States. The government and the press are 2 separate entities. The people who
wrote the 1st amendment understood that journalists are human beings and that they
can make mistakes. The press even though it is not perfect was to take on the job of
government critic with its responsibility to the citizens of America not to the
government. At the core of the way in which the press operates is independence.
Newspaper owners may support a particular party, but it is becoming more common
for a newspaper and its journalists to be totally independent in every way.
Unfortunately sometimes this is a goal to work towards and not a description which
shows the truth. Staff and the newspaper they represent should show freedom of
thought and action. A newspaper must not print stories for the sole purpose of
promoting people who support it. Journalists cannot receive money, holidays, or gifts
from special groups for favorable news coverage. If a newspaper were corrupt it
could not criticize the government for being corrupt. Sometimes things like a free
meal or sports tickets are acceptable though, but this is not practice written in stone.
There are not really any rewards for the type or amount of freedom that the press
enjoys, maybe devotion of the readers in trust. With freedom of the press a newspaper
can still report a story in the way it wished. However, it must still adhere to the laws
of libel. The basic idea is that there must be truth to what the newspaper prints and
the newspaper must be able to show that they are being truthful. It is common for a
newspaper to separate its ideas and beliefs from the objective presentation of truth.
The news is presented with sources identified when possible. It is only on the editorialpage that the newspaper gives its and other staff members or syndicated writers
personal opinions. For a newspaper to not sound one sided or closed minded to
others it often has a section devoted to letters that people write to the newspaper
about how the news is being reported and other versions of the truth if one or several
happen to exist. The newspapers reserve the right to edit as necessary so that there is
fair presentation. A newspaper must also be sure to remain responsible if it does make
a mistake. Correction should be printed in the same part of the newspaper all the time
so they are easier to be found. A newspaper must also know when to draw the line
when they have crossed the boundary of invading somebody’s private life. It is at this
point that the newspaper must look at what it is saying and doing and re-evaluate the
situation. Journalists must follow the same laws as does everybody else but must be
extremely enthusiastic in uncovering the truth. In doing this they become a type of
supervisor or watchdog. Newspapers must be careful of becoming caught up in
something called prizeman-ship（得奖门事件）, presenting stories in a certain way with the sole
purpose of the newspaper or the journalist winning a prize. This has happened before.
A journalist made up the story and ended up winning the Pulitzer Prize. In the end the
journalists revealed the truth and quit her job. The newspaper gave the award back
with great humiliation. It is okay for newspapers and journalists to receive prizes, but
they should be from people or groups who have no connection to the recipient and
they should be without the recipient knowing it. There is the temptation to exaggerate
the facts but this must always be avoided. Journalists must always remember this last
rule in being a journalist. Above all one must be aware of the possibility that he or
she might be wrong, that a mistake has been made. There can be many viewpoints
which distort the truth. Journalists must remember when an error is made there is
always somebody who is going to be hurt. It is for this that the truth must always be
found and never interpreted.

总的来说,根据标题"新闻业"展开还是比较容易听出来米国新闻出版以及记者的性质及责任.

就是该文章的speaker舌头太大,而且长句使用频繁,容易造成一些理解上的困难.

划线部分如果大家在做了笔记后能进行相应的展开,基本上就能将一些detail部分回忆出来.

1. What is the lecture mainly about?
A Freedom of speech and newspapers.
B Journalism and freedom of the press.
C How the media distorts the truth.
D The history of journalism.

2. According to the lecture, why is “prizemanship” mainly problematic?
A Journalists may distort the truth.
B Journalists can be invading some privacy.
C Newspapers feel humiliated when their journalists do not win the prize.
D The truth must always be found and never interpreted.

CD1-Track 19

Law: Law in America

While America was being colonized, that is from 1607 to 1776, those who were
interested in pursuing a career in law had to go to England and attend Inns of Court
for their legal training. These inns where far from schools, but were merely part of the
English law society and help students familiarize themselves with English law. It was
common for people who wanted to be lawyers to undertake a clerkship or an
apprenticeship with somebody already established in the legal world. Once America
became United States of America independent from the British the rules and
regulations for becoming a lawyer were very lax and the number of people who
became lawyers
  sky rocketed(数量激增,貌似雨后春笋). The most common way for someone to enter the legal
world was by apprenticeship(学历). But as time went on law schools were established at
various law offices which focused on training. The 1st school(很敏感的词哦) was Litchfield School in
Connecticut in 1784 and focused on commercial law. Colleges slowly added law as
part of their course offerings, but it was not until 1817 that Harvard University
established the 1st independent law school. From 1850 to 1900 the number of law
schools grew from 15 to 102. These schools did not require that students hold an
undergraduate degree when entering and it was norm for the program to be
completed in 1year. However in the late 1800s there were more and more 2year
programs. The teaching of law went through a radical change(根本的改变) in Harvard University.
Students who did not already have an undergraduate degree had to take an entrance
exam(改变). By 1871 the course was 2years long and by 1876 it was 3years(改变) long. At the end
of the 1st year there was a comprehensive exam(改变) that had to be passed if the student wanted to continue on to the next year of study. The most dramatic change which is
still in practice today is the way teaching is done. Instead of listening to lectures
students studied cases. From the cases that were studied students were expected to
understand the principles of law. What they meant and how they developed. Teaching
followed the ancient Greek style Socratic questioning so students would discover the
foundations of the laws represented by each case. As the need for more lawyers grew
by the late 1800s the number of law schools that opened also grew. Not a lot of money
was needed to open a law school and as a result several were opened. There were
even night schools for studying law many of which had lawyers and judges as
teachers. A problem with many of the schools that opened was that the standards were
low and the material studied had an emphasis on what was customary in a specific
region. The most important contribution of this is that studying law became available
to everybody and not just the rich of the upper class. By the turn of the century there
was a dramatic increase in the number of people studying law. By 1960s schools had
to be selective in who they permitted entrance. To better represent the nation law
schools began to look for female and minority students. The curriculum was changing
too. Civil rights along with poverty issues along with international law was being
taught.

在经历过上篇那位老哥嚼馍式的发言后,这篇发言的仁兄的口齿则显得清晰得多,而且有许多让人为之一振的地方"1st\had to\the most important\the dramatic...\这些敏感词的出现则相对让我们的听记有了方向,知道他想强调什么了,而且题目也极有围绕这些敏感词来出.大家体会一下吧.

1. What is the main topic of the lecture?
A The history of the law system in America.
B The difference between British law schools and American law schools.
C The development of education laws in America.
D The history of law schools in America.(年份词较多）

2. According to the lecture, which of the following is NOT mentioned as main
changes in the late 19th century at Harvard University?
A Some applicants were required to test an entrance examination to get admitted to
the school.
B Case studies became the main method of teaching.
C Studying law became a 3 year endeavor.
D Students should pass the comprehensive examination to graduate from the school.这个得细听，貌似是提到那个综合考试，但是是为了继续下一年（3rd years)的深造而过的，不是为了毕业．

忘了说，因为LP第一篇听的很郁闷，所以跳了一篇18从17直接到了19.

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-10-19 11:11:18编辑过]

colorful_na

CD1-track18
Geography: American Southern（发短音a,而不是跟south一个音） Coastlands
“Of anywhere in the united states it is in the southern coastlands that the climate has
greatest impact on human geography. There are several factors which affect human
activity: humid subtropical（亚热带潮湿气候）, long growing season, mild winter temperatures and warm
humid summers. There are 9months or more of potential（不是很好听出来） growth for agricultural crops
for almost the whole region of the southern coastland. What is more the average
annual rainfall is more than 125cm mostly between April and October when warm
temperatures support plant growth and sunlight is plentiful. It is enough rain for most
agricultural activities for almost the entire region. These climactic conditions have
brought forth 2 important results: farmers can grow their crops until late in the fall
without fear of frost as long as agricultural conditions are met. I mean as long as
there is fertile soil, control of insect pests and appropriate ground drainage.（出题点，而且不是很容易听出来） It has
even been possible to harvest 2crops and even more for vegetable farmers. Of greater
importance is the fact that there is the chance to produce specialty crops that cannot
be produced in other parts of the United States. Although the region where citrus
fruits have been produced has slowly moved southwards along the peninsulas interior

citrus production. Citrus production has been noteworthy（值得注意的） in contributing to Florida’s
economy. Of the 7 major citrus growths, in Florida orange and grapefruit are most
important. Most oranges, about 80% today, are processed rather than being sold fresh.
The processing of oranges has had affects on other parts of the economy as more
people are employed in the industry and sales are not limited to the harvest period but
continue all year long. The grapefruit is produced in a similar area as the orange, but
the demand and output is only about 25% of the orange. These 2 citrus fruits are also
grown in south Texas but with irrigation. Production costs for citrus fruits mainly
come from harvesting. The fruit must be picked by hand from the trees. During the
harvesting season thousands of migrating laborers flock to Florida to do the
physically strenuous in the citrus groves. In the mainland United States it is only in
the southern coastlands sugar cane production is found. It is in production all year
round and needs more than one year to reach full maturity. It is intolerant of frost and
needs a large amount of water more than 125 cm per year. Rice has fewer climactic
requirements than sugar cane. As long as rice has sufficient water it will mature
according to the amount of heat it receives in the summer. In Louisiana and Texas rice
is grown with irrigation. Besides specialty crops there are parts of the southern
coastlands which are one of the countries main areas for growing vegetables. In the
winter urban markets are filled with fresh vegetables grown in Florida and along the
southern part of states along the gulf.”

CD1-track19
Law: Law in America
1. What is the main topic of the lecture?
A The history of the law system in America.
B The difference between British law schools and American law schools.
C The development of education laws in America.
D The history of law schools in America.
(D)
2. According to the lecture, which of the following is NOT mentioned as main
changes in the late 19th century at Harvard University?
A Some applicants were required to test an entrance examination to get admitted to
the school.
B Case studies became the main method of teaching.
C Studying law became a 3 year endeavor.
D Students should pass the comprehensive examination to graduate from the school.
(D)

继续帮livy顶，希望他把帖子跟完。。。跟完以后我觉得听力肯定会有进步的

继续加油

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-10-20 22:27:05编辑过]

colorful_na

CD1-track20

这篇文章总体来讲一点也不难。中间虽然有很多专业的词汇，但是都是接在SUCH AS后面的，所以不会影响对文章整体结构的把握。
Biology: Sunshine
“Good morning class. Today I thought we would talk about something bright and
cheerful: the sun. I know most of you got to school before the sun came up, but can
anyone tell me how they feel when its sunny compared to when it’s cloudy?”
(Another voice)
“I find it’s a lot easier to get up in the morning if it’s sunny”
(Back to narrator)
“Good. How do you usually feel if it’s cloudy?”
(Another voice)
“Well I don’t mind, because I enjoy staying in on a rainy day curled up in bed with a
good book.”
(Back to narrator)
“Well, what if I told you it would rain for weeks on end with no break?”
(Another voice)
“Ya I can see your point. I don’t think I would like that very much”
(Back to narrator)
“Most of the articles we read lately regarding the sun are discussing the negative
effects of staying in the sun for too long saying that ultra violet radiation（这个词大家应该知道，在写作文中涉及到环境污染也很常用，紫外线） from the sun
is a major cause of skin cancer. Although these articles are factual, the sun does have
some positive side effects as well. As a matter of fact some scientists believe that
sunlight may reduce the risk of several types of cancer. “
(Another voice)
“Excuse me but many articles I’ve read blame the sun for causing cancer, stating that
it can take as little as 30min to get a sunburn”

(Back to narrator)
“Yes and those articles are correct. However in small doses the sun can be quite
healthy for you. In fact recent studies have found that sunlight can actually help
protect you from certain types of cancer such as（后面的词可以不管它了，但是也不是什么太难的词汇，我简单说一下） breast colon（结肠）
        bladder（膀胱） and stomach.
More importantly the sun provides us with our main source of vitamin D.”
(Another voice)
“Well I don’t need to worry about vitamins because I take multi vitamins everyday”
(Back to narrator)
“That’s great, but wouldn’t it be better if you didn’t have to take them and you were
able to get vitamins in a more natural way such as food and the sun? Most people
understand that nutrients strengthen our bones and muscles and heighten our immune
system to better fight diseases like the common cold. However, many people don’t
realize that the ultra violet or UV rays from the sun actually convert irgasterol which
is found in our skin to vitamin D. Vitamin D is needed for normal growth of teeth and
bones and has also been proven to prevent the development and increase of cancerous
tumors”
(Another voice)
“Does that mean we should spend all the day in the sun without any protection?
(Back to narrator)
“No spending roughly 10min per day in the sun should be enough to supply us with
all the Vitamin D that we need.”
(Another voice)
“What happens if we don’t get enough Vitamin D?”
(Back to narrator)
“Excellent question! I’m glad you asked me that. Low Vitamin D can cause many
diseases such as chronic fatigue, a softening of the bones, osteoporosis and multiple
skilerriosis. Getting back to our mood some researchers have proven that sunshine
can actually cheer you up. When I see the sun I always feel happy energetic and
generally positive. But did you realize that the sun can change your mood chemically
and might even prevent depression. There is a saying called ‘spring fever’ when many
people feel the beginning of spring as a sign of good days ahead. During the winter
many of us are stuck indoors out of the sun. The lack of sun causes for many people a
condition called SAD or Seasonal Affective Disorder. SAD is caused by suppression of
serotonin which keeps our mood, emotions, sleep and appetite in check. When we
don’t get enough we feel depressed and this is usually experienced by people who are
deprived of sunlight during the dull winter months. So class during your break why
don’t you step outside and get a bit of Vitamin D?”

Biology: Sunshine
1. What is the main idea of the lecture?
A The lack of Vitamin D is the main cause of skin cancer.
B Sunbathing for a long time causes no problems.
C The danger of the sunshine has been ignored because of its benefits.
D The advantages and disadvantages of the sun .
(D)
2. According to the lecture, when concerned with our bodies, what is the main
function of sunshine?
A It changes ergosterol to Vitamin D.
B It suppresses serotonin.
C It can cause Seasonal Affective Disorder.
D It can cause skin and bladder cancer.
(A)

colorful_na

今天我代劳了

第二个CD开始LIVY 会接着开始跟他的帖子的

他是个有耐心的人我太了解了

哈哈

colorful_na

CD1-track21这篇也很简单，不难，大家有点耐心听都能听懂，中间有一些电影的名字听不懂也不影响。在IBT里很多时候就是出一些你不懂的TERM然后考你生词的忍受度，但是它对整个听力是没影响的。大家在听到不懂的词的时候不用心情不好什么的。
Film Studies: Western Movies
“Western movies are really over rated, much ado about nothing.我觉得这句话就是说美国有很多电影但是很多其实是没什么实际价值的。 Before the 60’s
westerns were made and shown in places called picture houses, cinemas or theaters
depending on where you lived. Kids especially boys loved them. They are all the same:
good guy sheriff（警察）, bad guy outlaw（犯罪）, some deputies, cowboys, townsfolk and the dancing

girls at the local saloon for a bit of fun to appeal to the females. They were so simple
that today’s kids would be bored watching them. In the 60’s academics became
involved. They grouped movies into the different categories. Each category became
known as a genre（类）. The name of this type of studies came to be known as genre studies.
Genre studies people are saying that western movies might be cheap, but there is a
common thread found in each one of them. Actually they do have a point. The
good guy wears a white hat and the bad guy wears a black hat. When the guy with the
white hat and the guy with the black hat come face to face in the street there’s going to
be a gunfight. Cattlemen are loners and misunderstood. Townsfolk depend on the
sheriff to protect them from the bad guys.(这句话不是很好听出来，大家听的时候要注意了） There is something westerns have in
common with other films made in other countries. All sorts of films have been made
and the characters and plot are similar, but with some differences. The setting moves
to another country and the characters change according to that countries national
heroes. There are Japanese films with samurai（这个词要注意老T里也老出，说到日本肯定要提的）, eastern block movies have the red
western films with the Russians involved and South African movies have Zulus in them.
The story is the same. The heroes create order out of chaos and make everything safe
for the average citizen. Who the hero is depends on which side makes the film,
because they can be the good guys in one film but the bad guys in another. If you
watch ‘dances with wolves’, you’ll remember that the Indians were good and the US
cavalry was bad. This is one of the exceptions to the rule in American movies. The
idea of the western film not only transcends 超越geography but also transcends time.
Some shows made about the future are really based on the idea of the western. Gene
Roddenberry of the star track fame says his star track is based on the old wagon train
series”
(Another voice)
“I’ve never heard of wagon train. Could you tell us a bit about it?”
(Back to narrator)
“Wagon train was a really popular series located in the late 50’s and early 60’s. It
was about people who got together and formed a group to travel overland looking for
land to live and settle down on. They were opening the Wild West for Europeans in
store odds. The old Indians didn’t like it and they attacked the white people many
times. People fell ill and died. Babies were born. They got stuck in bad weather,
wheels came of wagons and the cavalry had to rush out and help them. It is fairly
light hearted compared to today’s violence”
(Another voice)
“This doesn’t make sense. I thought that in the US everyone is supposed to get along
and there are laws against discrimination.”
(Back to narrator)
“This is movies we are talking about and not the real world. It was a different time too.
American history isn’t as perfect and as kind as the history books say.
Multi-culturalism, colonization and imperialism aren’t mentioned in the same breath
as wagon train”
(Another voice)
“I am just wondering. I watched ‘outland’ the other night. It was kind of like ‘kind

noon’. Am I right? Is that the kind of thing you mean?”
(Back to narrator)
“Yes it is. If you know this type of show, you’ll really see patterns in films. The only
thing is once you do it, it takes the thrill out of watching them. What is interesting is
that some of the films being made in the US are actually cultural remakes of movies
from other countries. ‘The magnificent 7’ was a remake of korosawa’s ‘the 7 samurai’.
‘A fistful of dollars’ and ‘last man standing’ were copies of korosawa’s ‘ugimbo’. The
twist there is that ‘ugimbo’ was based on ‘red harvest’ -- an American detective novel
by Dashil Hammond. Sometimes it gets a bit complicated when looking for the real
origin of the movie. There is another type of movie which is based on westerns. It is
called post apocalyptic. This is when a future society is trying to rebuild after
something awful has happened. Its actually format a lot on the westerns which are
about opening the Wild West frontier. ‘The postman’ and the ‘mad max’ series are 2
examples. From the Wild West to future societies they are just different costumes and sets.”

如果大家听过DELTA有一个段子是一个女的要去做internship里面也有提到去电影公司的，然后提到costumes and sets就是说戏服和道具什么的。

不难，大家好好听啊。还有提醒一下，每篇文章的题目要好好听，听是哪个类型关于什么的段子是地理的还是生物的或是什么的。这样对你听后面的内容有很大的提示作用。

CD1-track21
Film Studies: Western Movies
1. What is the main topic of the lecture?
A Western movies are made in America and are always about cowboys.
B The basic form of the western movie turns up in many forms of movies today.
C American western movies come from Japan.
D Western movies are stories about past history.
(B)
2. What is the main reason that the professor does not like Western movies?
A Western movies are entertaining but immoral.
B Western movies are only for kids.
C Western movies follow the same pattern repetitively.
D Western movies do not present any stereotypes.
(C)