og11-9 有關although省略形式，還是不懂....

cckjenius

og11-9  有關although省略形式，還是不懂，請求nn進門幫幫忙...

9.Sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on the Sun's poles or equator.
(A) are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on
(B) are visible as dark spots that never have been sighted on the surface of the Sun
(C) appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although never sighted at
(D) appear as dark spots on the surface of the Sun, although never having been sighted at
(E) appear as dark spots on the Sun's surface, which have never been sighted on

如果依句意，答案(A)我可以接受。
但我要問的是，although省略形式細節為何呢？

依我已知的，

although + cl. , main cl.
although子句中，主詞和main S. 相同，即可使用省略形式。
即 although 子句中，省略 S. 和 謂語，

所以(C)可以看成如下的省略方式嗎？
appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although (sunspots have been) never sighted at...

前人有提到，白勇語法中說 "前後時態必需相同才可省略"
但是很多例句都是:  Although (he is) a young man, he has made several inventions.
although cl. 和 main cl.時態並不相同啊！

1. 文法問題：although省略形式，是否只是用於 simple present tense and past tense 呢?
遇到完成式就不能省了嘛？

2. 句意問題：never 也常和 simple past tense 一起使用，
(C)選項可看成  appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although (sunspots were) never sighted at...  嗎?

謝謝 

xfwxiao

我对这个问题也非常感兴趣，查过一些书，没有什么发现。只好瞎猜：

1.although省略，要求主语一致，时态一致，就是为了达到不会引起歧义的目的，因为although从句的主语可以不是主句的主语。

Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.

2.在句意清楚，没有误会的情况下，即使时态不一致，也可以省略谓语。

Although (he is) a young man, he has made several inventions

3.但如果存在产生其它意思的可能，省略就要谨慎，如时态不一致，就没法去限制although的主语，although就可以任意选择句子中的其它成分做主语呢？。把这个句子改改看：appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although (dark spots were/have been) never sighted at...语法似乎没有错，句意也通畅，但是和原文就不一样了。虽然黑斑从来没有在...上被看到过，但是太阳的耀斑以黑斑的形式在...上是可见的。

希望有NN能指点。

diawpfm

问一个低级问题。

请问这里的完成时态have been..., 改为but are never sighted....可以马？？

phyroc

never好像用have比较好，表示一直从没