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1/12 晴冷 阅读885-19
After (the workweek) gradually (declined) to about 39 hours in 1970, the workweek in the United States........
省略重複主詞the workweek就變成答案:
After gradually declining to about 39 hours in 1970, the workweek in.......
由此看來, after在此, 表面上是作'介詞'用,事實上應是當'連接詞'使用
而following, 從來就只能用作"介詞", 故不若使用after適當
even as: conj.正如
Even as they never forgave the Crusaders who overran their homeland, the Syrians have never absolved the French for taking territory from them.
turn the tide 改变局面
the same (A) as(B), A和B必须要严格对称，如单复数需一致，可以参考OG109：
Legislation in the Canadian province of Ontario requires of both public and private employers that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are usually held by men.
(A) that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are
(B) that pay for jobs historically held by women should be the same as for a job requiring comparable skills
(C) to pay the same in jobs historically held by women as in jobs of comparable skill that are
(D) to pay the same regardless of whether a job was historically held by women or is one demanding comparable skills
(E) to pay as much for jobs historically held by women as for a job demanding comparable skills
答案A
从逻辑上说，like an expert比 as an expert do在好。
like an expert表达了：“计算机象专家那样地understand English and other human languages, recognize objects, and reason”
形象地把计算机比作人。
而
as an expert do表达的是，计算机干了什么，正如专家干的那样。
计算机在地位（性质）上好象是专家是平行的。
Although S1 + V1 , S2 + V2.
其中 although S1+V1 是屬於 adv.clause , 修飾 main clause 的 V2
而#205 在兩個"," 之間有個 prep.phr (with crests and ....)他沒有動詞V ,
所以如果這裡放進去一個adv.clause ( although the air ...is moving ) 或是 (although they are formed..), 那這個 adv.clause就不知道要修飾哪裡了
我认为现在语法的难度已经超出了只凭借一个语法点来选择的范围，所以OG虽然说可以修饰
The Baldrick Manufacturing Compan，但这不能用来做唯一的判据，而需要结合其它的判据才能得出结果。个人认为除了少数的语法点，很多的语法点都有例外，不许根据实际的意思来判断。本剧中, with the aim of ..既可以做定语修饰policy，又可以做状语修饰主句的主谓结构，是有些歧义，但主要的判据还是平行结构， to do and to do 修饰aim不好。
另外一个例子：
Alaska regularly deposits some of its profits from the sale of oil into a special fund, with the intention to sustain the state’s economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves.
(A) fund, with the intention to sustain the state’s economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves
(B) fund, the intention of which is to sustain the state’s economy after they have exhausted their oil reserves
(C) fund intended to sustain the state’s economy after oil reserves are exhausted
(D) fund intended to sustain the state’s economy after exhausting its oil reserves
(E) fund that they intend to sustain the state’s economy after oil reserves are exhausted
OG的解释没有错。 “Also, with the aim... improve can easily be construed as referring to the Baldrick Manufacturing Company and so does not refer unequivocally to plicy"
OG是认为with ..存在这种修饰歧义的可能，所以不可取。
介词短语前面有名词的，优先作定语，但是应该在不至于造成歧义的情况下才能使用这一所谓规则。
The school board ruling mandating that physically handicapped be placed in regular classroom settings whenever possible also assured children with reading problems of special aid.
with reading problems 不会造成修饰歧义。
In a leveraged buyout, investors borrow huge sums of money to buy companies, hoping to pay off the debt with the company’s earnings and to profit richly by the later resale of the companies or their divisions.
with the company’s earnings 不会被人认为修饰debt,是表示主语动作的一种方式，也不会造成歧义。
The principal has sought approval for her plan to grant promotions to only those seven-grade students proficient in reading without meeting with opposition.
这句话让我们无从判断without meeting with opposition是修饰students ，还是表示主语动作的一种方式，这种情况下就得改种写法了，纠正此歧义。
在此referring to较为准确的表达了意思：当提到...。with reference to/in reference to的准确意思是"关于"=regard to。后者没有前者那么准确的表达smokers表达的担心。
increases in sales是标准用法。
[此贴子已经被作者于2003-12-1 15:50:00编辑过] |
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楼主
发表于 2003-12-5 20:34:00
good!
