求教OG 183题

halcyon

Archaeologists in Ireland believe that a recently discovered chalice, which dates form the eighth century, was probably buried [face=楷体_GB2312]to keep from[/face] being stolen by invaders.
a. to keep from
b. to keep it from
c. to avoid
d. in order that it would avoid
e in order to keep from

og上说答案是b, 刘振民说选c
而且 og 上的 'avoid is used imprecisely in C  and D because it illogically suggests that the chalice is acting to prevent its own theft.

请麻烦帮助解释一下

anyname

为什么选keep it from不选keep from和avoid？ （一家之言，仅供参考。）

首先，“B keeps from doing sth” 和“B avoids doing sth”，语法上并没错，但要求“keep/avoid”和“doing sth”必须是同一主语B (所有“v.+v-ing”都这样）。如：

She can't keep from spending a lot of money in shopping. （she keeps and spends)
She can't avoid spending a lot of money in shopping. （she avoids and spends)

当其主语不同时，则须用B keep C from doing sth. 如下句：

She can't keep him from spending a lot of money in shopping. (she keeps and he spends)

回到这道题，是"（藏宝的人）to keep"，而"being stolen"的是"a chalice"，主语不同，就不能再用keep from/avoid doing sth，而用keep it from使being stolen的逻辑主语变成a chalice才对了。

总结：当遇到“v.+prep.+ doing”或 “v.+doing”时，先看v.和doing的逻辑主语是否一致，如果不一致，必须补宾语，不能假设读者能在上下文中找到v.和doing的各自的逻辑主语。

BTW，to be kept from不对，因为虽然这样a chalice可看成be kept from的逻辑主语，但并没有解决上述的双逻辑主语问题。同样的原因：The person buried a chalice to keep from being stolen by invaders.也是错的，虽然bury和keep的施动者一致。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-2-13 8:37:41编辑过]

chwayne

这可是一道跨年度的讨论题，好佩服大家！！！

这种情况不止一次出现：看一下大全的854题的正确选项(E) can usually be modified to make them more effective drugs，与本题的结构用法完全一样：

S+ be done to+ Vt +Pron. 如果S不是Vt的发出者而是Vt的宾语的话，就一定得加个S的代词，这样Vt的逻辑主语和宾语都很清楚，如果不加这个代词就只能理解成S是Vt的动作发出者，所有5个选项中只有B将Vt的逻辑主语宾语交代清楚了，从而避免的歧义。

donna

答案以OG上的为准。

jandj_shanghai

avoid得主语应该是人，人要avoid那个东西被偷，而不是东西本身要avoid。chalice (was buried to) avoid ...

christinahong

D is wordy and awkward in its use of the passive voice.(D). in order that it would avoid
既然说D中的表达用了被动语态，也就是avoid being stolen 这个被动语态了？
（C） to avoid being stolen 按上面的说法也使用了被动语态了，这是否是两者共同的错误？
OG上说avoid 不对，because it illogically suggests that the chalice is acting to prevent its own theft.
那to keep it from不也用了主动语态，keep from的主语可以是物chalice，它可以主动行动来阻止它自己被偷吗？
请指教！

miejue

B中加入it指代chalice的目的就是用来避免逻辑主语错误 有了it以后 keep的逻辑主语就与bury的施动者相同 此时应该用主动形式

t980402

I agree with the above.

the subject of avoid must be sb while that of the phrase "keep from" could be sth or sb. therefore, logically, the question must have to use keep from;

Then, "it" is used as the logical subject.

kid

我觉得og只说avoid是人的动作发出，而没说keep from是。
那是不是keep from其实不指需要动作发出者呢?只是一个function。
请指教！

心晴

还有一点不明白，OG说D is wordy and awkward in its use of the passive voice，这个被动语态说的是avoid being stolen 吗？如果是的话，那不是每个选项都是被动语态？为什么只说D是这个错误呢？

心晴

顶，没有人理我？55555

dan

OG: D is wordy and awkward in its use of the passive voice.

D选项：in order that it would avoid.

我理解：OG的意思是,先不考虑avoid的问题，从in order that讲为什麽D错。

1。it在此是指chalice. 那麽在in order that中， 如that后的主语与主句一致，根据简洁性的原则，那麽应该省掉that后的主语，此时用in order to即可。

2。如一定要用in order that,那麽句子应改为：in order that invaders couldn't steal it.这时用主动就比用被动更符合语法要求，而且句子更简洁。

所以，OG说，d选项用被动是wordy n awkward。

3。其他4个选项，也是先不考虑avoid, 用to do,那麽后面就可以接被动。

4。接着，og讲： moreover.......再说avoid的问题。

仅是个人理解，请指正。