prep-29新的问题

isesameql

29. There are hopeful signs that we are shifting away from our heavy reliance on fossil fuels: more than ten times as much energy is generated through wind power now than it was in 1990

A) generated through wind power now than it was

B) generated through wind power now as it was

C) generated through wind power now as was the case

D) now generated through wind power as it was

E) now generated through wind power than was the case

 

A: than和as不平行

B: it 不能指代energy，否则就是相同的能量被用了两次

C: the case指代energy

D: it 不能指代energy

E: than和as不平行

老帖子看过了，见http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&replyID=2032187&id=217355&skin=0

C 补全是generated through wind power now as (energy) was the case
注意这里换了个说法，不是用generated了，为什么这么用呢？

我觉得这里还有一个省略的问题was generated好像是不可以省略成为was的。我查了一下大全，似乎没有发现相同的例子。欢迎石头，把我砸个明白。

crowkiller

这里是主谓宾全的比较结构，而且后面一个as 做代词与前面的形成比较。

请看OG例题：

 3#  as...as 结构中有一种特殊结构是在第二个as 做代词的情况下，此时比较的前后都是完整的句子。

主语比较_主谓_as做代词_as..as
187. In one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day.
(A) Americans were killed as
(B) Americans were killed than
(C) Americans were killed than those who
(D) more Americans were killed as there
(E) more Americans were killed as those who
Choice A, the best answer, is the only option that accurately expresses the comparison by using the idiomatic form as many... as. In B and C, as many ... than is unidiomatic, and in C and E, those who is a wordy intrusion. In D and E, more is redundant because the phrase four times as many in the original sentence conveys the idea of more.

主语比较_主谓_as做代词_as..as
132. According to a study by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, companies in the United States are providing job training and general education for nearly eight million people, about equivalent to the enrollment of the nation's four-year colleges and universities.
(A) equivalent to the enrollment of
(B) the equivalent of those enrolled in
(C) equal to those who are enrolled in
(D) as many as the enrollment of
(E) as many as are enrolled in
The phrases equivalent to in A, the equivalent of in B, and equal to in C have too broad a range of meanings to be used precisely here: that is, they can suggest more than merely numerical equality. Also, as quantitative expressions, equiva?lent and equal often modify nouns referring to uncountable things, as in "an equivalent amount of resistance" or "a volume of water equal to Lake Michigan." To establish numerical comparability between groups with countable members, the phrase as many as is preferable. Choice D, however, uses this phrase improperly in comparing eight million people to enrollment, not to other people. The comparison in E, the best choice, is logical because people is understood as the subject of are enrolled.

isesameql

谢谢答复，我没有质疑C的意思，prep给的肯定是对的。

我只是对B，D的错误提出一种我的理解。我真的没有在大全上找到用was代替was generated的例子。crowkiller的例子也没有就这一点给出很好的解释。如果这个假设成立，那么B，D可以迅速排除，A，E用than的自然不用说，可以很快得出正确答案C

希望nn能给我的假设一个evaluation，期待中～～

crowkiller

对于主谓宾全的比较结构，比较结构可以是：

A + verb + B as + adj.+宾语 + C do

后面的这个do 可以不用补出实意动词，而用助动词代替的。也就是这里的只需要用was就可以了。

用more... than 结构的例子：

#1 对于主谓宾全或者主谓+介宾短语的句子的主语比较，谓语动词必须补出，其主要目地是为了和宾语比较区分开来，防止歧义。

例 OG133： 主语比较_主谓宾句型
Holland spends a larger + 宾语 + than the United States does ； 补出does,防止了产生 the United States 和 its gross national product 比较的歧义。133. In Holland, a larger percentage of the gross national product is spent on defense of their coasts from rising seas than is spent on military defense in the United States.
(A) In Holland, a larger percentage of the gross national product is spent on defense of their coasts from rising seas than is spent on military defense in the United States.（比较结构错误）
(B) In Holland they spend a larger percentage of their gross national product on defending their coasts from rising seas than the United States does on military defense.（比较结构不完整，比较对象错误）
(C) A larger percentage of Holland's gross national product is spent on defending their coasts from rising seas than the United States spends on military defense. （比较结构完整，比较对象错误）
(D) Holland spends a larger percentage of its gross national product defending its coasts from rising seas than the military defense spending of the United States.（比较结构不完整，比较对象错误）
(E) Holland spends a larger percentage of its gross national product on defending its coasts from rising seas than the United States does on military defense.（比较结构完整，比较对象正确）
In choices A, B, and C, the plural pronouns their and they have no plural noun for a logical referent. Since In Holland modifies all of the sentence that follows, A states confusedly that Holland spends a percentage of its gross national product on military defense in the United States. In C, the passive is spent is not parallel with the active spends. Lack of parallelism in choice D produces an illogical comparison: the percentage that Holland spends is said to exceed not the percentage that the United States spends but rather its total military defense spending. Parallel phrasing allows E, the best choice, to make a logical comparison between what Holland spends and what the United States does [spend].

例 OG199： 主语比较_主谓宾句型 an earthquake... will typically devastate an area 和 will a quake。。。的比较

199. Because the Earth's crust is more solid there and thus better able to transmit shock waves, an earthquake of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West.

(A) of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West （比较结构完整，比较对象错误）
(B) of a given magnitude will typically devastate 100 times the area if it occurs in the eastern United States instead of the West（比较结构不完整，比较对象错误，比较词错误）
(C) will typically devastate 100 times the area in the eastern United States than one of comparable magnitude occurring in the West（比较结构不完整）
(D) in the eastern United States will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will a quake of comparable magnitude occurring in the West（比较结构完整，比较对象正确）
(E) that occurs in the eastern United States will typically devastate 100 times more area than if it occurred with comparable magnitude in the West（比较结构不完整，比较对象错误）
At issue is the accurate expression of a complex comparison. Choice D, the best answer, presents the proper form of comparison, will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will; thus, choice D logically indicates that earthquakes in the eastern United States are 100 times more devastating than are western earthquakes. Choices A, B, and E use it incorrectly to suggest that the same quake strikes both the eastern and the western United States. In choice C, 700 times the area... than is unidiomatic.

as....as 结构的例子：

主语比较_主谓宾_as+adj.+宾语+as
168. Today, because of improvements in agricultural technology, the same amount of acreage produces double the apples that it has in 1910.
(A) double the apples that it has
(B) twice as many apples as it did
(C) as much as twice the apples it has
(D) two times as many apples as there were
(E) a doubling of the apples that it did
Choice B, the best answer, correctly uses the adverbial phrase twice as many... to modify the verb produces; properly employs many rather than much to describe a quantity made up of countable units (apples); and appropriately substitutes did for the understood produced to express the logically necessary past tense of produces. Choice A awkwardly substitutes the adjective double for twice; uses that without a clear referent; and misuses has to refer to events occurring in 1910. Choice C employs the incorrect much in a wordy construction and also misuses has. D is wordy and imprecise;... as there were in 1910 refers to all apples produced in 1910, regardless of location. E is illogical: since that refers to a doubling, E nonsensically asserts that the doubling occurred in 1910.

主语比较_主谓宾_as+adj.+不定式宾语+as
156. Dirt roads may evoke the bucolic simplicity of another century, but financially strained townships point out that dirt roads cost twice as much as maintaining paved roads.
(A) dirt roads cost twice as much as maintaining paved roads
(B) dirt roads cost twice as much to maintain as paved roads do
(C) maintaining dirt roads costs twice as much as paved roads do
(D) maintaining dirt roads costs twice as much as it does for paved roads
(E) to maintain dirt roads costs twice as much as for paved roads
This sentence compares the costs required to maintain two kinds of roads. B, the best choice, is able to maintain parallelism in the comparison as well. Choice A incorrectly shifts the meaning by comparing the cost of dirt roads with the cost of maintaining paved roads. Choice C does the opposite: it compares the cost of maintaining dirt roads with the cost of paved roads themselves. Choice D further confuses the sentence by adding a nonparallel clause, it does for, in which it has no clear referent. Choice E introduces the infinitive phrase to maintain... and wrongly attempts to complete the comparison with the nonparallel prepositional phrase for....

B D 的问题是 it 指代不对， 按照你的说法正确答案C中也省略了generated的。

Open to discuss..........

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-8-7 23:56:00编辑过]

isesameql

crowkiller回帖好认真，谢一个先。

我同意比较结构中可以省略实意动词，用do等助动词替代。如果crowkiller所说og给了不少例子，但是没有一个像我说的用be动词替代被动结构的。所以我产生了疑问，总觉得这是一个不优的表达，待求证。

另外我觉得C中没有省略generated
补全的C是generated through wind power now as (energy) was the case
case代指“was genreted...这么一回事”，和前句的结构是不一样的

crowkiller

以下是引用isesameql在2007-8-8 0:12:00的发言：

crowkiller回帖好认真，谢一个先。

我同意比较结构中可以省略实意动词，用do等助动词替代。如果crowkiller所说og给了不少例子，但是没有一个像我说的用be动词替代被动结构的。所以我产生了疑问，总觉得这是一个不优的表达，待求证。

==》看来我开始理解有点偏差，呵呵。

同意你说的，目前看到的OG中的被动态比较都是补全的结构。但是这个是不是一个判断原则，有待验证，我不记得PrepSC里面是否有这样的题目了。

主语比较_主谓_as做代词_as..as
187. In one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day.
(A) Americans were killed as
(B) Americans were killed than
(C) Americans were killed than those who
(D) more Americans were killed as there
(E) more Americans were killed as those who
Choice A, the best answer, is the only option that accurately expresses the comparison by using the idiomatic form as many... as. In B and C, as many ... than is unidiomatic, and in C and E, those who is a wordy intrusion. In D and E, more is redundant because the phrase four times as many in the original sentence conveys the idea of more.

另外我觉得C中没有省略generated
补全的C是generated through wind power now as (energy) was the case
case代指“was genreted...这么一回事”，和前句的结构是不一样的

==》同意。我一开始理解的有问题。 the case 指代 generated through wind power

此题是时间状语比较，类似于上面的OG187

isesameql

找到一个例子了，我开始的想法是错的。圆满结束一帖

386.        In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than most Western countries.

(A) most Western countries

(B) most Western countries do

(C) most Western countries are

(D) they do in most Western countries（E）

(E) they are in most Western countries