OG 144

mendi

a major goal refers to to equalize the funds not efforts, so should be single, understand?
    

The point is to grasp the logical vein and comprehend the whole sentence thoroughly, I guess.

What do you think?

phyroc

that exists和existing在本文中没有太大区别

phyroc

一直没有结论的问题...

在OG其它题中，可以从上下文知道用that还是用ing做定语

但在此题中好像无法通过上下文确切地知道用that还是用ing做定语更合适，所以在这个题中好像两者都可以用而不影响什么。

如果ETS真的这么出题咋办喃？头疼

linlang

嗯，想问一下，如果是 efforts...,....,have not significantly reduced the gaps existing between .... .

那 existing有没有可能是修饰efforts的，如果是的话，那就可以解释that exist 好于 existing，在这题中。

sumerlaw

感觉有的时候分词修饰整体，that定语从句修饰局部，其区别好像非限定和限定性定语从句一样，比如这题：1.            The Wallerstein study indicates that even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce occurring when a child.

(A)            occurring when a child

(B)            occurring when children

(C)            that occurred when a child

(D)            that occurred when they were children

(E)            that has occurred as each was a child

Choice D is best. The phrasing a divorce that occurred when they were children correctly uses the relative clause that occurred to modify a divorce and includes a pronoun and verb (they were) that refer unambiguously to their antecedent, men and women. Choice A incorrectly introduces the when... phrase with occurring, thus illogically making divorce the grammatical referent of when a child; furthermore, the singular child does not agree with the plural men and women. B replaces child with children but otherwise fails to correct A's errors of structure and logic, and C corrects only the error created by occurring. Choice E includes an incorrect verb tense (has occurred) and wrongly replaces when with as. Also, each was does not properly refer to men and women.

因为分词和从句不不同，会造成意思的不同，但是感觉如果在意思相同的情况下，用分词比较简洁。但是我不明白下面这题144. Efforts to equalize the funds available to school districts, a major goal of education reformers and many states in the 1970's, has not significantly reduced the gaps existing between the richest and poorest districts.

(A)              has not significantly reduced the gaps existing

(B)              has not been significant in reducing the gap that exists

(C)             has not made a significant reduction in the gap that exists

(D)             have not significantly reduced the gap that exists

(E)              have not been significant in a reduction of the gaps existing

In A, B, and C, the singular auxiliary verb has does not agree with the plural subject of the sentence, Efforts. In addition, B and C are wordy; significantly reduced will suffice here. Choice E uses a similarly wordy expression that changes the meaning of the sentence, stating not that the efforts have significantly reduced the gap but that they failed to play a significant role in some already-existing reduction of several gaps. Choice D, the best answer, is grammatically correct, clear, and concise.

我感觉两个意思是一样的，所以想请问NN，如果E改成 has not made a significant reduction in the gap existing是不是就对了？偶这两天正在研究这个非限定和限定，分词和从句的区别，好像一下清楚一下糊涂的，有哪位NN帮忙仔细讲讲啊？这类型的题有og 1,80,126,141,144,152,178,196,200,209,223,234,237可是感觉这些题某些这种感觉很清楚，某些又把我搞糊涂了。sigh，我不知道我在说些什么了

-- by 会员 心晴 (2004/6/16 9:12:00)

是不好弄清楚啊，还是要放在句子中理解，

定从有限定的意思，分词只是修饰

粘豆包

Efforts to equalize the funds available to school districts, a major goal of education reformers and many states in the 1970's, 。。。

a major goal of education reformers and many states in the 1970's, 这句是同位语吧？修饰efforts 的吗？efforts怎么能是 goal 呢？？

比如OG-24
For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears.  
(A) a method to protect
(B) as a method protecting
(C) protecting
(D) as a protection of
(E) to protect
Logical predication + rhetorical construction
The underlined part of the sentence begins a phrase describing items of military equipment. It is awkward and inaccurate to describe items as a method. Replacing the underlined phrase with the participle protecting creates a modifying phrase that clearly explains the purpose of the items of military equipment.
A A method to protect is an awkward reference to items
B The singular a method should not refer to the plural items; as a method protecting is not idiomatic
C Correct. In this sentence, protecting properly introduces a modifying phrase revealing the purpose of the items.
D Beginning the phrase with as is incorrect; using the noun form protection creates wordiness
E The infinitive to protect cannot act as an adjective modifying items; the participial form of the verb, protecting, is required
The correct answer is C.

A就是由于 method 不能修饰 items 错的啊。。

周娜

太爱你们了