我倒觉得C的错误不在于"有歧意",而是在于"不平行". Paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould has argued that many biological traits are not the products of natural selection, favored because they enhance reproduction or survival, but simply random by-products of other evolutionary developments. 这句话中,因为but前有个逗号,所以不会误理解为 "enhance...but (enhance)...". 而且reproduction和survival都是抽象概念,但by-products是实物,没法平行,所以不能理解为 reproduction or survival but by-products. 这句话问题出在simply后少了个定冠词the. 前半句已给了提示"not the products of...",于是后半句应该出现类似"but the products of..."的形式,这样才能平行. D就解决了平行问题,它采用另一种平行方式: are not..., but are...