以下是引用晴天小狗在2006-8-26 11:44:00的发言：1.as & like as is a conjunction that may introduce a subordinate clause; like is a preposition that may introduce a phrase 我只知道这些，请问还有什么用法呢？各表达什么意思 Like (verb)
1. not used in progressive forms
Like is one of those verbs which are not usually used in progressive forms (see PS1)even when we are talking aobut temporary present events.
‘What do you think of the soup?’ ‘I like it.’ (NOT…I’'m liking it.’)
2. not used without an object
Like cannot normally be used without an object.
‘How do you feel about ballet?’ I like it.’ (NOT …’I like.’)
‘Do you like music?’ “Yes, I do.’ (NOT…..’Yes, I like.’)
3. position of adverbs
Note that very much does not come between like and its object.
I like you and your sister very much.
OR I very much like you and your sister. (NOT I like very much you and your sister.)
I very much like going to parties and meeting people. (NOT I like very much going….)
4. like + verb
In American English, like + infinitive is used either to talk about enjoyment and to talk about choices and habits. Compare:
I like climbing mountains.(more typically British English) = I like to climb mountains. (more typically US)
When I’m pouring tea I like to put the milk in first.
Not like to can mean ‘think it better not to’
‘Why didn’t you tell me before?’ ‘I didn’t like to disturb you while you were having breakfast.’
Like can be followed by object + verb form.
I don’t like people phoning me in the middle of the night.
She likes people to feel at home when they stay with her.
5. would like
The conditional would like (+ infinitive) is often used as a polite way of saying ‘want’, especially in requests and offers.
I’d like two kilos of tomatoes, please.
‘Would you like to dance?’ ‘Yes, OK.’ (NOT ‘Would you like dancing?’…)
Do you like…? is not used in this way. (NOT Do you like some more coffee?)
To can be used instead of repeating a whole infinitive.
‘How about playing tennis?’ ‘I’d like to.’
Polite requests often begin if you would like….; the following clause is sometimes dropped.
If you would like to take a seat, I’ll see if Mr Smithers is free.
If you would like to come this way.
Would is sometimes dropped in this structure.
If you like to come this way
6. if you like etc
In subordinate clauses after if, any, as soon as, who(ever), what(ever), when(ever), where, wherever andhow(ever), we often use like to mean ‘want (to)’. Note that to is not used.
‘Can I go now?’ ‘If you like.’ (NOT If you like to.)
Do it any way you like. Come when you like.
You can sit wherever you like
like and as (Similarity, function)
We can used like or as to say that things are similar.
1. Similarity: Like (preposition)
Like is similar to a preposition. We use it before a noun or pronoun.
like + noun/pronoun
You look like your sister. (Not .... as your sister.)
He rain like the wind.
Like his brother, he is a vegetarian.
She's dressed just like me.
We can use very , quite and other adverbs of degree to modify like.
He's very like his father. She looks a bit like Queen Victoria.
We can use like to give examples.
She's good at scientific subjects, like mathematics. (Not ... as mathematics.)
In mountainous countries, like Peru, ....
2. Similarity: as (conjunction)
As is a conjunction. We use it before a clause, and before an expression beginning with a preposition.
as + clause
as + prepostion phrase.
Nobody knows her as I do.
We often drink tea with the meal, as they do in China.
In 1939, as in 1914, everybody seemed to want war.
On Friday, as on Tuesday, the meeting will be at 8: 00am.
3. as with inverted word order.
In a very formal style, as is sometimes followed by auxiliary verb +subject
She was a Catholic, as were most of her firends.
He believed, as did all his family, that money is everything.
4. as you know etc
Some expressions beginning with as are used to introduce facts which are 'common ground' -- known to both speaker/writer and listener/reader. Examples are as you know , as we agreed, as you suggested.
As you know, next Tuesday's meeting has been cancelled.
I am sending you the bill for the repairs, as we agreed.
There are some passive expressions of this kind -- for example as is well known; as was agreed. Note that there is no subject it after as in these expressions.
As is well known, more people get colds in wet weather. (NOT As it is well known....)
I am sending you the bill, as was agreed. (NOT....as it was agreed.)
5. comparison with as and like after negatives:
After a negative clause, a comparison with as or like usually refers only to the positive part.
I don't smoke, like Mary. (Mary smokes.)
I am not a Conservative, like Mary. (Mary is a Conservbative.)
Before a negative clause, the comparison refers to the whole clause.
Like Mary, I don't smoke. (Mary doesn't somke.)
6. function or role: as used as a preposition.
Another use of as is to say what function or role a person or thing has -- what jobs people do, what purposes things are used for, what category they belong to, etc. In this case, as is used like a preposition, before a noun.
He worked as a manager for two years. (not ... like a manager)
Please don't use that knife as a screwdriver.
A crocodile starts life as an egg.
compare this use of as with like.
As your brother, I must warn you to be careful. (i'm your brother.)
Like your brother, I must warn you to be careful. (i'm not your brother, but he and I have similar attitudes.) PS1: common non-progressive verbs
Here is a list of some common verbs which are not often used in progressive forms (or which are not used in progressive forms with certain meanings.)
Mental and emotional states
Believe, doubt, feel (= ‘have an opinion’), imagine, know, (dis)like, love, hate, prefer, realize, recognize, remember, see(=’understand’), suppose, think(=’have an opinion’), understand, want, wish
Use of the senses
Appear, hear, look (=’seem’), see, seem, smell, sound, taste.
Communicating and causing reactions
Agree, astonish, deny, disagree, impress, mean, please, promise, satisfy, surprise
Other
Be, belong, concern, consist, contain, depend, deserve, fit, include, involve, lack, matter, measure(=’have length etc’), need, owe, own, possess, weigh(=’have weight’)
PS2: likely is an adjective
Some words ending in –ly are adjectives, and not normally adverbs. Common examples: costly, cowardly, deadly, friendly, likely, lively, lonely, lovely, silly, ugly, unlikely
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发表于 2006-8-26 11:44:00
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