GWD26-30

香香茶

以下是引用stellaleigh在2006-6-7 15:48:00的发言：

如果动作的发出者是以个人那么动词应改用单数

leigh你这句话是什么意思，我不是很明白。

你看司MM的两个例子：

OG60，According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.   

(A)   like that of earlier generations

(B)   as that for earlier generations

(C)   just as earlier generations did

(D)  as have earlier generations

(E) as it was of earlier generations

SEC C 24. The endurance and consistency of baseball star Lou Gehrig, known as “The Iron Horse,” are legendary.
(A) The endurance and consistency of baseball star Lou Gehrig, known as “The Iron Horse,” are legendary.
(B) The endurance and consistency of Lou Gehrig, a baseball star know as “The Iron Horse,” is legendary.
(C) Known as “The Iron Horse,” the endurance and consistency of Lou Gehrig, the baseball star, is legendary.
(D) The reason baseball star Lou Gehrig is known as “The Iron Horse” is because of his legendary endurance and consistency.
(E) Known as “The Iron Horse,” baseball star Lou Gehrig’s endurance and consistency are legendary.

以上两题的动作发出者不都是单数的个人吗，但前者是单数，后者是复数。

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-6-7 16:02:46编辑过]

香香茶

以下是引用司香尉在2006-6-7 15:42:00的发言：

是这样的话，如果选E的话，大家对这个特指有什么意见？

是不是如果有限制性修饰成分that has decimated， the可以特指限制性定语从句所表示的对象

我也有此类问题。

再说我之前的那个例子：

21. With its plan to develop seven and a half acres of shore land, Cleveland is but one of a large number of communities on the Great Lakes that
        is looking to its waterfront as a way to improve the quality of urban life and attract new businesses.
(A) is looking to its waterfront as a way to improve the quality of urban life and attract
(B) is looking at its waterfront to improve the quality of urban life and attract
(C) are looking to their waterfronts to improve the quality of urban life and attract
(D) are looking to its waterfront as a way of improving the quality of urban life and attracting
(E) are looking at their waterfronts as a way they can improve the quality of urban life and attract

有前辈提出

单独用one of +复数名词的时候后面肯定是用复数形式，即中心词在复数名词上。

如果是the only one+复数名词的时候后面肯定是用单数形式，此时中心词在one.

这个相信大家都是同意的，但我们这里现在少了个only，只有the，不知道是否能够表示特指限定性修饰成分的对象呢？

stellaleigh

？？我记得在菜鸟手册里面有这样的说法，难道偶记错了？？？？但是这种说法并没有同那两个例子相悖。

关于司提出来的两个例子。

第一个因为后面是单数：a goal。单对单

第二个是复数？你肯定？我觉得应该是单数is啊。只有一个冠词

司香尉

我刚才去把那个帖子翻出来了。

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&replyid=149032&id=21028&page=1&skin=0&Star=4

有人这么回答。

认了，没公理的。
看了那么多解释，显然大家都没找到考题答案就是选单数的题目。
显然，只要ETS考察A and B结构，都用复数。至于OG题干部分出现的问题，作为事后诸葛亮，均有解释的。

香香茶

对啊，第二个是大全里的，里面答案是用的复数啊。这道题我错了N遍了，除非答案错了

司香尉

OG

258.
                The British sociologist and activist Barbara Wootton once noted as a humorous example of income maldistribution that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning annually exactly what she then earned as director of adult education for London.

(A)   that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning

(B)   that the elephant, giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, had been earning

(C)   that there was an elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, and it earned

(D)  the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and was earning

(E)   the elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and that it earned

Choice A, the best answer, uses the idiomatic construction noted... that
                and clearly focuses on the salient information-- a comparison of annual earnings. A,比较的是收入。In B, the structure of noted... that the elephant, giving rides ..., had been earning falsely implies that the reader already knows about the elephant--that is, that the existence of this particular elephant is not new information. ( B的the elephant无限制性修饰成分，the只能特指前面的东西。看上去就好像前面已经提到过这只大象，读者应该已经知道这只大象。而A有限制性修饰成分that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo ，所以A没有B的问题，A的the可以特指限制性定语从句所表示的对象)

刚才找出这道题目，那么有限制性成分应该就可以加the了吧。

香香茶

嘿嘿，大家一起讨论的力量就是大啊。

司MM，那你现在对这个题目的看法是怎样，总结一下吧。通过这个题目我们已经引申到很多语法点了，收获不小

我现在对这个题目已经没有看法了，脑子里似乎是一团糨糊

stellaleigh

要自己总结啦。

司香尉

我说说我的思路，

1)现在我还不能确认that has decimated到底是不是修饰devastation and enslavement，就我那浅薄的大脑联想，比如说教会在宗教的名义下进行了杀害哥白尼的火刑。虽然好像也可以说教会进行了火刑在宗教的名义下，是宗教杀害了哥白尼。我个人比较喜欢前面一种说法，因为你不赞成的是火刑，还披了宗教的一层皮；但是不是不赞成宗教。

2）两个用and连接的名词多数还是应该用复数，OG60大概是ETS抽风，到现在我已经只好当作忽略不计。希望有NN来解答我这个已经很多时候的疑惑。

3）the可以特指限制性定语从句所表示的对象

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-6-7 16:35:58编辑过]

香香茶

leigh教训的极是，我就是太懒了，不愿意总结。

这个题目到现在看来，我仍然不敢确定答案，虽然内心依旧偏向我最初的选择E。

E中因为有the，可以特指限定性定语从句所表示的对象，所以单就这个选项而言，that跳跃修饰devastation and enslavment是可以接受的，那么由and连接的两个复合名词自然可以用复数的谓语。问题的关键转变为，到底有没有必要让that来跳跃修饰，也就是说，that修饰progress是不是会引起歧义说不过去？如果从意思上来讲，that修饰progress不会有任何问题，那么又何必大费周章把句子原意改掉呢？

很多同学表明这里的progress是贬义的，有点“以所谓的进步杀害人民”的意思。杀害人民是在进步的名义下，被谁杀害的呢？是devastation and enslavement在进步的名义下杀害的，而且这种devastation and enslavement被personify了。既然被personify，那就可以作为杀人的罪魁祸首了吧。

我曾经试图搜索这个句子的原文出处，发现是来自于New York Times，前半句有，后半句的限定性定语从句是加上去的。也许我应该把整篇文章都看完，再来说屠杀人民的是progress还是devastation and enslavement比较好一些。

另外,对于司MM在楼上说的关于宗教，教会和哥白尼的东东很佩服：逻辑好强啊！同时一并感谢所有回帖讨论的同学们，讨论，让我们进步