两道XDF语法题（手敲的也），加上885最后真题4

gemj

我晕了头，发了两遍。算上这个就是第三遍。请教了！

remeo

以下是引用gemj在2003-10-23 13:06:00的发言：
我晕了头，发了两遍。算上这个就是第三遍。请教了！

究竟是用as...as结构还是用more...than结构，好象很难判断。

不过根据我从OG中找到的一些例子：
我发现了这样一个问题，就是当用as...as结构与倍数合用的时候，应该是倍数+as many/much as的结构，表达一种数量上的可能性多少的关系；而如果用more...than结构与倍数合用的时候，倍数+more （adj比较级）... than 的用法，表达某动作，行为，事情发生的可能性多少的关系。当然，这只是我个人的一些猜想，还有待验证。
所以我们判断的依据：
1。究竟是表达一种数量上的比较关系，还是某种动作，行为，事情发生的可能性多少的关系；

2。从倍数+as many/much as和倍数+more （adj比较级）... than 的结构来判断。


倍数+as many/much as的用法：


89. A recent national study of the public schools shows that there are now one microcomputer for every thirty-two pupils, four times as many than there were four years ago.
(A)    there are now one microcomputer for every thirty-two pupils, four times as many than there were
(B)    there is now one microcomputer for every thirty-two pupils, four times as many than there were
(C)    there is now one microcomputer for every thirty-two pupils, four times as many as there were
(D)    every thirty-two pupils now have one microcomputer, four times as many than there were
(E)    every thirty-two pupils now has one microcomputer, four times as many as
Choices A, B, and C appropriately use the construction "one X for every thirty-two Y's" to describe the ratio of computers to pupils, but only C, the best answer, is error-free. In A, are does not agree with the subject, one microcomputer; furthermore, in A, B, and D, than is used where as is required. Choices D and E reorder and garble the "one X ..." construction, making four times as many refer illogically to pupils.



168. Today, because of improvements in agricultural technology, the same amount of acreage produces double the apples that it has in 1910.
(A)    double the apples that it has
(B)    twice as many apples as it did
(C)    as much as twice the apples it has
(D)    two times as many apples as there were
(E)    a doubling of the apples that it did
Choice B, the best answer, correctly uses the adverbial phrase twice as many... to modify the verb produces; properly employs many rather than much to describe a quantity made up of countable units (apples); and appropriately substitutes did for the understood produced to express the logically necessary past tense of produces. Choice A awkwardly substitutes the adjective double for twice; uses that without a clear referent; and misuses has to refer to events occurring in 1910. Choice C employs the incorrect much in a wordy construction and also misuses has. D is wordy and imprecise;... as there were in 1910 refers to all apples produced in 1910, regardless of location. E is illogical: since that refers to a doubling, E nonsensically asserts that the doubling occurred in 1910.


187. In one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day.
(A)    Americans were killed as
(B)    Americans were killed than
(C)    Americans were killed than those who
(D)    more Americans were killed as there
(E)    more Americans were killed as those who
Choice A, the best answer, is the only option that accurately expresses the comparison by using the idiomatic form as many... as. In B and C, as many ... than is unidiomatic, and in C and E, those who is a wordy intrusion. In D and E, more is redundant because the phrase four times as many in the original sentence conveys the idea of more.




倍数+more （adj比较级）... than 的用法：


158. With only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources, drive more than one-third of its automobiles, and use 21 times more water per capita than Europeans do.
(A)    With
(B)    As
(C)    Being
(D)    Despite having
(E)    Although accounting for
The word or phrase that begins this sentence should establish the contrast between the size of the United States population and the activities of its citizens. Choices D and E are the only ones that establish the contrast, and only E, the best choice, expresses meaning accurately with the phrase Although accounting for. With in choice A and Despite having in choice D confusingly suggest that United States citizens somehow possess, rather than constitute, 5 percent of the world's population. Choices B and C lose the contrast between the opening phrase and the main clause, and As is unidiomatic in B.


199. Because the Earth's crust is more solid there and thus better able to transmit shock waves, an earthquake of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West.
(A)    of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West
(B)    of a given magnitude will typically devastate 100 times the area if it occurs in the eastern United States instead of the West
(C)    will typically devastate 100 times the area in the eastern United States than one of comparable magnitude occurring in the West
(D)    in the eastern United States will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will a quake of comparable magnitude occurring in the West
(E)    that occurs in the eastern United States will typically devastate 100 times more area than if it occurred with comparable magnitude in the West
At issue is the accurate expression of a complex comparison. Choice D, the best answer, presents the proper form of comparison, will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will; thus, choice D logically indicates that earthquakes in the eastern United States are 100 times more devastating than are western earthquakes. Choices A, B, and E use it incorrectly to suggest that the same quake strikes both the eastern and the western United States. In choice C, 700 times the area... than is unidiomatic.




251. The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's. .
(A)    extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than
(B)    extinction; its numbers are now five times more than
(C)    extinction, their numbers now fivefold what they were
(D)    extinction, now with fivefold the numbers they had
(E)    extinction, now with numbers five times greater than
A, the best choice, uses a singular pronoun, its, to refer to the singular antecedent The gyrfalcon, and it properly uses the construction its numbers are now ... greater than. In B, the construction its numbers are ... more is not idiomatic: there are more birds, but not more numbers. Choices C and D use a plural pronoun, their or they, to refer to a grammatically singular antecedent, The gyrfalcon. Choices D and E wrongly use a phrase introduced by now with to modify The gyrfalcon. In both choices, the phrase confusingly seems to parallel with extinction; a new clause with a present tense verb is needed to state what the gyrfalcon's numbers are now.

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-26 15:39:44编辑过]

joywzy

这一题可否换个思路来考虑问题?

1.plan做动词时,plan to doing sth. / plan A , 没有用plan on doing sth. 所以C错.

2.as much as / more than 确实不好判断,但各选项提供了其它的线索来判断,可以选出答案.单是这两个的比较,单从意思上,不好比.

3.A中are , 可有可无,有也没错.因为在OG70中,出现多用了is

4.对比较的一点建议:不用去考虑它是否省略.判断正确与否,有个简便的办法:就是一定要出现在more后,出现比较的第二项,否则就是错.

remeo

以下是引用joywzy在2003-10-26 16:02:00的发言：
这一题可否换个思路来考虑问题?

1.plan做动词时,plan to doing sth. / plan A , 没有用plan on doing sth. 所以C错.

这点你可错了。

plan to do sth

Sentences from books, newspapers, etc.

Already his labour force is 30-strong, and he plans to take on five more craftsmen.

Disheartened, Santa Anna separated from his large escort and planned to slip through the mountainous country with three attendants.

I was planning to get faster.

Mr Bernick said he plans to focus on acquisitions as a way to supplement internal growth.

Philips plans to ship players, under both its Philips and subsidiary Magnavox labels, late this year.

The madcap motorists plan to see how many Minis they can squeeze on to a ferry.

The Sister Superior at Bartestree says the nuns were already planning to sell up.

We plan to do this in cooperation with comrades around the world.




plan on doing sth/sth

Sentences from books, newspapers, etc.

For domestic partridge, invariably the choker partridge, plan on a one-pound bird per person.

He'd told us earlier that he was planning on taking a woman to Tramp that night.

If they do come, I plan on keeping as far away as possible.

Is Richard really planning on returning to New York?

Not that I planned on dying.

Otherwise, plan on Cmnamon-Scented 2 quail per person.

Retail and restaurant units are also planned on the pedestrian routes linking Gresham Street and Cheapside.

The large programme is planned on a borough-wide basis, and delivered locally in 11 centres.

joywzy

remeo, plan to do sth./plan sth. 是我敲错了.

可是plan on doing sth.你是哪里查的啊?

我查了oxford 还有金山词霸,都没有这样的用法.

remeo

我查的是LONGMAN2003，好象和GEMJ的一样。
特别全的一个词典，很好用。

joywzy

remeo,能告诉我书的全称吗?我也买一本.我的可能不全.

remeo

NN帮我看看我的那个猜想有道理吗？

remeo

再次请教中。

多谢指点

gemj

以下是引用remeo在2003-10-26 15:35:00的发言：

究竟是用as...as结构还是用more...than结构，好象很难判断。

不过根据我从OG中找到的一些例子：
我发现了这样一个问题，就是当用as...as结构与倍数合用的时候，应该是倍数+as many/much as的结构，表达一种数量上的可能性多少的关系；而如果用more...than结构与倍数合用的时候，倍数+more （adj比较级）... than 的用法，表达某动作，行为，事情发生的可能性多少的关系。当然，这只是我个人的一些猜想，还有待验证。
所以我们判断的依据：
1。究竟是表达一种数量上的比较关系，还是某种动作，行为，事情发生的可能性多少的关系；
2。从倍数+as many/much as和倍数+more （adj比较级）... than 的结构来判断。

我虽然不敢肯定这是正确的，但我觉得你的这个观点很有新意，极富创造力。