OG83

norinfo

以下是引用rhod在2004-6-20 16:02:00的发言：

继续请教关于referent和logical referent.

我认为，从语法上讲，choice A和B是有referent的，只是这个referent不合逻辑。类似例子有OG 43 choice B.

43. In the minds of many people living in England, before Australia was Australia, it was the antipodes, the opposite pole to civilization, an obscure and unimaginable place that was considered the end of the world.

(B) before there was Australia, it was the antipodes

OG在43题的解释说:

In B,
    it has no logical referent, because the previous clause describes a time when there was no Australia.

同理我们可以认为83题的A/B也是没有logical referent. 可是83题的解释却是

In choices A and B, the phrase indicate that there is one does not grammatically fit with when it is not because it has no referent.

一般OG说没有referent, 是说没有语法上的指代对象; 说没有logical refernt，是说有语法上的指代对象，但是逻辑不对。

我的问题是，83里的解释为什么说no referent, 而不是no logical referent? 是OG漏了logical? 还是我分析错误钻牛角尖了？NN请指教啊!!!

再贴一遍题目和解释，看得方便些。

83.   Any medical test will sometimes fail to detect a condition when it is present and indicate that there is one when it is not.

(A) a condition when it is present and indicate that there is one

(B) when a condition is present and indicate that there is one

(C) a condition when it is present and indicate that it is present

(D) when a condition is present and indicate its presence（C）

(E) the presence of a condition when it is there and indicate its presence

Only choice C, the best answer, produces a sentence in which every pronoun it refers clearly and logically to the noun condition. In choices A and B, the phrase indicate that there is one does not grammatically fit with when it is not because it has no referent. Choices B and D are imprecise in saying that a test will fail to detect when a condition is present, since the issue is the presence and not the timing of the condition. Further, its presence in D leaves the it in when it is not without a logical referent: it must refer to condition, not presence. Choice E repeats this error; also, the presence... when it is there is imprecise and redundant.

我觉得OG说法没有错.

先看43题B选项: before there was Australia, it was the antipodes. it的确是没有指代对象, 因为it为特指代词, 由于时间before的关系, 它不可能是指代"before there was Australia"中的Australia. 这句话中的it, 应该是指代那个后来称为Australia的地方. 因此, 这句话中, it has no logical referent

然后看83题A选项, and indicate that there is one when it is not这句话表达"当it不present时, 测试显示疾病存在", 从这个语义的角度看, it并不指代one指代的内容, 当然, there be也说明, and之前和之后所描述的condition是不一致的, 因此, when it is not中的it指代的肯定也不是and之前的那个condition, 因此OG解释说, because it has no referent.

最后反观83题的正确答案C: Any medical test will sometimes fail to detect a condition when it is present and indicate that it is present when it is not. 整个句子很清晰地说明, and前后所指代的内容完全相同, 就是前面提到的那个condition.

不知道我的理解是否有问题, 拿砖给个批判吧

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-4-23 19:41:02编辑过]

yichousun

以下是引用egretxm在2004-6-14 11:52:00的发言：

其实will fail to detect a condition when...and indicate sth when... 我感觉更对称一些.

我想indicate its presence 不如indicate that it is present 是因为 最后的 when it is not 后承前省略了present, 用indicate that it is present when it is not 比较通.

我觉得这个解释比较好

梵尘

will fail to detect a condition when...and indicate sth when... 我感觉更对称一些.

同意，从 and 前后的平行来考虑

lonly2006

it is present 与it is not平行

zbna5

长了不少知识,加深理解了啊~~~~

michzhou

i was wrong at the first time. when i looked at it closely after i knew the answer, here is my understanding:

subject: medical test
and make two parts parallel, fail to detect -- indicate, fail to detect means indicate that it is not
every subclause has another parallasim: x when y : bde are wrong (bd: position of when is not right, e: when it is present when it is not )
there is one when it is not, should be: there is one when there is not  / it is present when it is not

lzj1209

以下是引用wingkim在2005/9/29 23:47:00的发言：

A&B中的there is one 中的one本来就有点指代不明（medical test or condition），接着再来一个when it is not按理it应该指代one，结果就更加无法有确定的指代。

its presence in D导致第二个when it is的it指代不明，究竟是condition还是its presence；E同理。

豁然开朗啊~~~NN！！！

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