关于代词指代的问题，请各位大侠看过来。

gemj

我想ETS在这里说的不能明确地指代a goal是从语法上说的，从逻辑上应该可以搞定THAT的指代对象。

从语法上，并不止你说的这两种可能性（owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land和a goal），还可能指代poll、house、land。从语法上好像没有规则可以排除这些可能性吧？

当然这个题目的主要问题在于结构上不如E完美，E与前面的句子构成了非常好的对称。

joywzy

以下是引用gemj在2003-9-22 23:56:00的发言：
关于代词的指代问题，我想下面几点是明确的：
1) 并无就近指代的规则，如果看到代词就将其等同于前面最靠近它的、在数上与其一致的名词，肯定是错误的。不仅如此，我们也不应该以就近指代的思路想问题；
2) 从句中的做主语的代词优先指代主句主语。这是ETS认可的规则。但注意是“优先”，不是“永远”，否则下面的句子就无法解释了；
12. The Olympic Games helped to keep peace among the pugnacious states of the Greek world in that a sacred truce was proclaimed during the festival’s month.
(A) world in that a sacred truce was proclaimed during the festival’s month
(B) world, proclaiming a sacred truce during the festival’s month
(C) world when they proclaimed a sacred truce for the festival month
(D) world, for a sacred truce was proclaimed during the month of the festival
(E) world by proclamation of a sacred truce that was for the month of the festival
3) 逻辑判定是无比重要的。如果“优先指代”使得句子不通，则需要通过逻辑来判定其指代的对象。当然，这也适合于没有“优先指代”规则可用的情况；
4) 我们不应该试图寻找（实际上也不存在）一条简单的、适用任何情况的通则来判定代词的指代对象。正因为如此，代词的指代问题才具有挑战性，代词指代才能成为ETS喜欢的考点。如果一条简单规则就可以搞定所有题目，那还有考的必要与价值吗？

  

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-23 0:02:50编辑过]

gmej讲得相当有理啊。只是这个题中，我仍然认为从句中的主语代词优先指代主句的主语。答案是不是有错啊？

solome

The Olympic Games 不能发出这个动作呢proclaimed a sacred truce for the festival month
没有错误

joywzy

以下是引用solome在2003-12-3 0:48:00的发言：
The Olympic Games 不能发出这个动作呢proclaimed a sacred truce for the festival month
没有错误

solome,这个题所以我认为C错了，因为逻辑意思不对啊。从句的主语优先指代主句的主句啊。你再瞧瞧。

谢谢。

mariezhu

唉，终于跳出来一个说C不对的了，要不我还真不好意思说（怕错了，受到攻击，呵呵）大家一直在讨论这道题的代词指代问题，固然很好，但是我觉得答案A其实完全正确，还少了代词之争，或者间接维护了代词应当首指主句主语这一原则。
看看A“奥林匹克运动有助于在希腊各个矛盾重重的国家间维护和平，因为在这节日般的一个月里会宣布一次神圣的停战协定”in that 在这里表示原因，解释为什么奥林匹克运动有助于和平，而且也很好地说出了truce的时间，即DURING the month.
而C首先有代词指代的疑虑，而且意思也没有A effective，A说的是Olympics好，因为…., 很合理的因果关系陈述。而C的意思仔细研究起来说的是：Olympics好，当（when）各国为这个月（Olympics召开这个月）宣布停战。岂不是有隐含意思，还有的Olympics Games不好，当各国不宣布停战？

各位大牛可不要笑话我，说我颠倒黑白还振振有词啊。

solome

A中还有in that 使用不当以及被动语态的问题
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=14357

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-12-3 22:54:06编辑过]

bluestone1

以下是引用mariezhu在2003-12-3 13:46:00的发言：
唉，终于跳出来一个说C不对的了，要不我还真不好意思说（怕错了，受到攻击，呵呵）大家一直在讨论这道题的代词指代问题，固然很好，但是我觉得答案A其实完全正确，还少了代词之争，或者间接维护了代词应当首指主句主语这一原则。
看看A“奥林匹克运动有助于在希腊各个矛盾重重的国家间维护和平，因为在这节日般的一个月里会宣布一次神圣的停战协定”in that 在这里表示原因，解释为什么奥林匹克运动有助于和平，而且也很好地说出了truce的时间，即DURING the month.
而C首先有代词指代的疑虑，而且意思也没有A effective，A说的是Olympics好，因为…., 很合理的因果关系陈述。而C的意思仔细研究起来说的是：Olympics好，当（when）各国为这个月（Olympics召开这个月）宣布停战。岂不是有隐含意思，还有的Olympics Games不好，当各国不宣布停战？

各位大牛可不要笑话我，说我颠倒黑白还振振有词啊。

敬佩你用于挑战标准答案的勇气，In fact, 很多标准答案并不标准

我认为 during the festival’s month 和  for the festival month 是个问题
但 作为状语 他们是修饰 谓语 proclaim 而不是 主语的

whitecloud57179

我同意bluestone1的解释.一开始我也不明白A为什么错,我也发过一个帖子说A对C错, 后来仔细琢磨觉得应该是during the festival’s month 和  for the festival month 的问题,proclaim是for the festival month作出的, 而不是during the festival’s month作出的

mariezhu

以下是引用solome在2003-12-3 22:51:00的发言：
A中还有in that 使用不当以及被动语态的问题
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=14357

[B]But here are some exceptions i find. I do believe that we can also use "in that" in sentences which do not express an idea of comparison. Besides, i think "during" is better than "for" here for it clearly demonstrates that thanks to the Olympics games, is proclaimed a truce which helps to promote peace.

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橙子

看到一个好贴,顶一下