[讨论]OG11th-50

Suri在奋斗

B) That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said to be at fault.

这话，如果照suri dd的理解，前面那块儿是个主语从句，那么不能作为"be at fault"的逻辑主语(educators)，把"at fault"改成"their fault"，语法上就对了，然后剩下awkward的问题....

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 16:17:57)

恩恩~~！！

ptlove4ever

这是12版OG原题。
首先，由于that引导的主语从句过长，造成头重脚轻，必须使用形式主语it来代替，在后面用that引出真正的主语，所以ABE错。
其次，因为C中是从句套从句的写法，太混乱，容易让人疑惑原句要表达的意思，所以排除C。

Suri在奋斗

这是12版OG原题。
首先，由于that引导的主语从句过长，造成头重脚轻，必须使用形式主语it来代替，在后面用that引出真正的主语，所以ABE错。
其次，因为C中是从句套从句的写法，太混乱，容易让人疑惑原句要表达的意思，所以排除C。

-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 11:54:14)

Hyo1ee

唉。。。我还是不明白为什么"That....can hardly be said to be at fault..."是incomplete

nihongmeng

弱弱问一句，什么是TObe verb？

nihongmeng

Suri我来回答你的问题吧，欢迎探讨

1. sb. is at fault 对的
贴个American Heritage Dictionary的解说吧：
atfault
Responsible for a mistake, trouble, or failure; deserving blame. For example, At least three cars were involved in the accident, so it was hard to determine which driver was at fault , or He kept missing the target and wondered if the sight on his new riflewas at fault. In Britain this usage was formerly considered incorrect but is now acceptable; in America it has been widespread since the mid-1800s. Also see in the wrong.
btw：这个线上字典很好的，大量的英英解释、词源、例句，强烈推荐
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/at+fault

2.
(B)         That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said to be at fault
看出来了吧？提炼下主干，就能发现这句话有2个谓语动词“打架”，中间既没有连词也没有标点隔开，也没有写成that从句。
OG：Can hardly be said to be at fault does not grammatically complete the subordinate clause.
是说，后面以can为核心的部分并不能构成一个从句。嗯，就是我刚说的意思。

这题就是Ron说的textbook-perfect case，诠释了什么时候it必须明确指代，什么时候是作为placeholder。我这里再贴以下Ron的总结，见下。

根据Ron的总结：
(A) ... can hardly be said that it is their fault.    
这个it必须明确指代，因为"it is their fault"后面没有东西。从意思上看，it也无法理解。
(C)         It can hardly be said that it is the fault of educators who have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology
且不说这句子awkward, wordy....
第一个it属于placeholder (Pattern #1)，没问题
第二个it有问题，指代不明
   It is the fault of educatorswho .....
   从意思上想，"who..."从句定义了educators，但你仍然不知道it指的是什么，什么东西是"the fault of educators".
   注意这不符合Pattern #3:
It + (TO BE verb) + NOUN + that/who + verb
   attern #3 要求 the fault of educators 是后面那个从句（who .....）的主语，换句话说，后面从句定义这个noun.但显然不满足。
   我觉得以下两个句子（我编的）语法就没问题，这里it是作为placeholder (Pattern #3)
   It is the negligent educators who ....
   It is the fault of educators that is caused by educators who ....
        不过这第二个句子不太简洁....我只是想说划线部分要能够充当后面那个从句的主语
(D)        It can hardly be said that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology
这里it就没问题，作为placeholder (Pattern #1)

以下from Ron

THE ONLY PRONOUNS ON THE GMAT THAT DON'T HAVE TO STANDFOR NOUNS:
It + description+ that +complete sentence (independent clause)
It + description+ to +verb (infinitive)
It + (TOBE verb) + NOUN + that/who + verb

these "it"s DO NOT have to stand for nouns.
ALL other gmat pronouns must stand for nouns.

FIRST TYPE

It + is obvious + that Medellín will beat Nacional in Wednesday’s game.


It+ has been said + that the moon is made of green cheese.

Johnny found it + counterintuitive + that the GMAT tests exceptions to rules just as often as it teststhe rules themselves.

SECOND TYPE

It + is often difficult + to distinguish between a past-tense verb and a pastparticiple.

The rain made it + quite challenging + to drive on the freeway.

THIRD TYPE

It + was my own brother + who committed the crime.

又重新看了下前面的讨论帖，不知道是不是现在头晕的缘故还是迷惑了
1.首先 sb is at fault到底对不对，非得是sb is at fault for doing sth
2.b 的og解释说 does not compete the subordinate是什么意思
网nn解释~~！！

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 0:58:55)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 5:54:03)

baby姐啊，这个to be verb是指系动词吗？

abjure

Suri我来回答你的问题吧，欢迎探讨

1. sb. is at fault 对的
贴个American Heritage Dictionary的解说吧：
atfault
Responsible for a mistake, trouble, or failure; deserving blame. For example, At least three cars were involved in the accident, so it was hard to determine which driver was at fault , or He kept missing the target and wondered if the sight on his new riflewas at fault. In Britain this usage was formerly considered incorrect but is now acceptable; in America it has been widespread since the mid-1800s. Also see in the wrong.
btw：这个线上字典很好的，大量的英英解释、词源、例句，强烈推荐
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/at+fault

2.
(B)         That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said to be at fault
看出来了吧？提炼下主干，就能发现这句话有2个谓语动词“打架”，中间既没有连词也没有标点隔开，也没有写成that从句。
OG：Can hardly be said to be at fault does not grammatically complete the subordinate clause.
是说，后面以can为核心的部分并不能构成一个从句。嗯，就是我刚说的意思。

这题就是Ron说的textbook-perfect case，诠释了什么时候it必须明确指代，什么时候是作为placeholder。我这里再贴以下Ron的总结，见下。

根据Ron的总结：
(A) ... can hardly be said that it is their fault.    
这个it必须明确指代，因为"it is their fault"后面没有东西。从意思上看，it也无法理解。
(C)         It can hardly be said that it is the fault of educators who have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology
且不说这句子awkward, wordy....
第一个it属于placeholder (Pattern #1)，没问题
第二个it有问题，指代不明
   It is the fault of educatorswho .....
   从意思上想，"who..."从句定义了educators，但你仍然不知道it指的是什么，什么东西是"the fault of educators".
   注意这不符合Pattern #3:
It + (TO BE verb) + NOUN + that/who + verb
   attern #3 要求 the fault of educators 是后面那个从句（who .....）的主语，换句话说，后面从句定义这个noun.但显然不满足。
   我觉得以下两个句子（我编的）语法就没问题，这里it是作为placeholder (Pattern #3)
   It is the negligent educators who ....
   It is the fault of educators that is caused by educators who ....
        不过这第二个句子不太简洁....我只是想说划线部分要能够充当后面那个从句的主语
(D)        It can hardly be said that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology
这里it就没问题，作为placeholder (Pattern #1)

以下from Ron

THE ONLY PRONOUNS ON THE GMAT THAT DON'T HAVE TO STANDFOR NOUNS:
It + description+ that +complete sentence (independent clause)
It + description+ to +verb (infinitive)
It + (TOBE verb) + NOUN + that/who + verb

these "it"s DO NOT have to stand for nouns.
ALL other gmat pronouns must stand for nouns.

FIRST TYPE

It + is obvious + that Medellín will beat Nacional in Wednesday’s game.


It+ has been said + that the moon is made of green cheese.

Johnny found it + counterintuitive + that the GMAT tests exceptions to rules just as often as it teststhe rules themselves.

SECOND TYPE

It + is often difficult + to distinguish between a past-tense verb and a pastparticiple.

The rain made it + quite challenging + to drive on the freeway.

THIRD TYPE

It + was my own brother + who committed the crime.

又重新看了下前面的讨论帖，不知道是不是现在头晕的缘故还是迷惑了
1.首先 sb is at fault到底对不对，非得是sb is at fault for doing sth
2.b 的og解释说 does not compete the subordinate是什么意思
网nn解释~~！！

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 0:58:55)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 5:54:03)

baby姐啊，这个to be verb是指系动词吗？

-- by 会员 nihongmeng (2012/9/8 15:47:16)

is/are/was/were 这些都被称为 “to be”  verb