【揽瓜阁语法打卡小分队】Day15

秋桂红

同意！               

秋桂红

错了三题
1、2题选了than they were,理解they 指代妈妈
2、3题选了D，没理解清楚in Germany位置给题意带来的变化
3、10题，以为proved要用被动语态，其实可以直接主动

Catherine107

Day15
1.(239)Were it not for the fusion-powered heat and radiation that rush from its core, instead its own weight would cause a star to collapse.
A.instead its own weight would cause a star to collapse
B.instead a star would have collapsed under its own weight
C.a star would have to be collapsing under its own weight
D.a star would collapse under its own weight        
E.its own weight would have caused a star’s collapse
B✖  D✔
注意：记错虚拟语气的语法
A: it指代不明确，有歧义，A错误；前面it指代后面主句的主语， 成了指代its own weight， 错误； 这样的虚拟语气句子，主句必须一开头就是主语， 而不能是连词、 副词， 因此instead错误
B: 虚拟语气从句用过去式，主句用would + 动词原形，B错误；instead错误同A
C: would have to be collapsing，awkward，C错误；Would have to be collapsing是很混乱的时态； would have to是不很肯定的语气，其表达的是have to do的内容只是一个假设， 并不是真的“必须”， 而have to表达的意思是， 要做的事情非常重要， “必须” 去做
D: 正确
E: it指代不明确，有歧义，虚拟语气从句用过去式；主句用would + 动词原形，E错误；it指代了its own weight， 错误





2.(240)According to public health officials, in 1998 Massachusetts became the first state in which more babies were born to women over the age of thirty than under it.
A.than
B.than born
C.than they were
D.than there had been         
E.than had been born
A
A: 正确；than后面省略了babies born to women； 因为under与over的平行， it明确指代the age of thirty.(换句话说， 有了Under就能知道than后面省略的是women了，不用像C补出they were了)
B: 歧义，than born under it = than born under 30，B错误；under it修饰了born， 逻辑意思荒谬： 孩子们生下来时小于30岁
C: C错误；根据比较的平行 they 指代 babies， 但仅补出 they were 使得 were 是助动词还是系动词不清楚， 系动词的话， under it 修饰了 they， 逻辑错误， 助动词的话， they were累赘。 （they 仅指向 babies 而不是指向 30 岁以上母亲剩下的 babies， 类似的例子如： In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater respect than they are in most Western countries.they 不是指代 Japan 的老年人， 而是就老年人）
D: D错误；had时态错误， 比较双方是同时发生的， 应该都用一般过去时； there无并列对象
E: E错误；had时态错误同D



3.(241)Over 75 percent of the energy produced in France derives from nuclear power, while in Germany it is just over 33 percent.
A.while in Germany it is just over 33 percent
B.compared to Germany, which uses just over 33 percent
C.whereas nuclear power accounts for just over 33 percent of the energy produced in Germany
D.whereas just over 33 percent of the energy comes from nuclear power in Germany   
E.compared with the energy from nuclear power in Germany, where it is just over 33 percent
D✖  C✔（纠结错误）
句意：在法国生产的能量超过75%来自核能，而在德国生产的能量刚超过33%
A: A错误；it完整指代75 percent of the energy produced in France（主语）， 意思错误； 在比较成分前后都是句子的情况下， 前面分句是主谓宾结构表达动作， 后面分句是主系表结构（不平行）
B: 主句的主语是energy，不能和Germany比较，B错误；compared to比较不平行： 75%和Germeny比较； 33 percent所指代的事物不明确
C: 正确；前后都是主谓宾结构； 介词短语充当地点状语前后对称， 位置正确； 比较了法国和德国各自的来自于核能的能量
D: 句意变成了，在法国生产的能量超过75%来自核能，而在法国，超过33%的能量来自德国的核能，句意改变且没有比较的意思，D错误；由于in Germany位置变成了修饰nuclear power， 就变成了“在法国， 超过33%的能量来自于德国生产的核能”； 同时失去了比较的意味, 这个选项里用的whereas是没意义的。
E: E错误；句式wordy； it指代不清

4.(242)Retail sales rose 8/10 of 1 percent in August, intensifying expectations that personal spending in the July-September quarter more than doubled that of the 1.4 percent growth rate in personal spending for the previous quarter.
A.that personal spending in the July-September quarter more than doubled that of
B.that personal spending in the July-September quarter would more than double
C.of personal spending in the July-September quarter, that it more than doubled
D.of personal spending in the July-September quarter more than doubling that of   
E.of personal spending in the July-September quarter, that it would more than double that of
句意：八月份的零售额增长了1%的8/10，加强了7-9月季度的个人消费会是上个季度个人消费1.4%增长率的2倍还多的信心
B
A: doubled时态错误；that of无指代，A错误
B: 正确
C: doubled时态错误；整个句子awkward，C错误；整个句式awkward， that为同位语从句引导词与of平行共同修饰expectations， 其实没有必要先说一遍topic再接着详述， 像B一样直接详述即可
D: that of无指代，C错误
E: 句式awkward错误同C，E错误

5.(243)Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system's ability to deal with all other pollutants.
A.an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system's ability to deal
B.an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system's capability of dealing
C.an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing
D.a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal
E.a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system's ability to deal
C✖  A✔（纠结错误）
错误原因：以为ability/capability的选择是考点，其实不是，ability/capability都可以用
A:
B: B错误；because of后结构复杂， awkward（because of后面如果跟动名词则一般是累赘的） ；capability of dealing不够简洁
C: C错误；in dealing有做状语修饰整个从句的歧义， 含义变为Sulfur dioxide在dealing with的时候减少了respiratory system的能力， 而不是原义想要表达的， 减少了respiratory system的deal with…的能力； capability如果后面要加in doing,最好紧跟capability，避免歧义
D: especially强调严重性， specially强调特殊性， 根据原义， 选especially，D错误；of the respiratory system的插入， 导致to deal可以修饰动词diminish， 歧义
E: especially强调严重性， specially强调特殊性， 根据原义， 选especially；because of错误同B，E错误


6.(244)In Japan, a government advisory committee called for the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the largest telephone company in the world, so it would be two local phone companies and one long-distance.
A.In Japan, a government advisory committee called for the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the largest telephone company in the world, so it would be
B.The breakup of the world's largest telephone company, Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, was called for by a government advisory committee in Japan, so it would be
C.A government advisory committee in Japan called for the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the world's largest telephone company, into
D.The breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the world's largest telephone company, was called for by a government advisory committee in Japan, so it would be   
E.Called for by a government advisory committee, the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company in Japan, the world's largest telephone company, was to be into
C
句意：日本的一个政府建议委员要求把NT和TC分拆，（NT和TC是世界最大的电话公司），这样就有了2个本土电话公司和1个长距离供应商
考点是主句和从句的主语对应关系
A: 主句和从句的主语不对应，A错误；“so” 用作并列连词， 连接两个独立的分句。 但是， 句子的后半部分显然依赖于前半部分， 所以这种类型的连词是不合适的。 so it would be里的it指代歧义， 本身应指代the largest telephone company， 但是这里指代了主语a government advisorycommittee， 错误
B:it指代了breakup错误，B错误；“so” 用作并列连词， 连接两个独立的分句。 但是， 句子的后半部分显然依赖于前半部分， 所以这种类型的连词是不合适的。  the world's largest telephone company是describtion， Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company才是主体， 应该用前者作为插入语修饰； 没有特殊原因， 没有必要用被动语态， 反而不简洁
C: the breakup of A and B into …, 正确
D:it指代了breakup错误，D错误；“so” 用作并列连词， 连接两个独立的分句。 但是， 句子的后半部分显然依赖于前半部分， 所以这种类型的连词是不合适的。 没有特殊原因， 没有必要用被动语态， 反而不简洁。
E: D错误；“,the world’s largest telephone company,” 同位语被in Japan隔开没有紧接其修饰
的对象， 错误； was to be into表达awkward

7.(245)In no other historical sighting did Halley's comet cause such a worldwide sensation as did its return in 1910–1911.
A.did its return in 1910–1911
B.had its 1910–1911 return
C.in its return of 1910–1911            
D.its return of 1910–1911 did
E.its return in 1910–1911
C
句意：在其他历史目击事件中，哈雷彗星从未像 1910 年至 1911 年的回归那样引起全球轰动
A: A错误；比较双方不对等： HC和its return,把一个事件与年份或日期并列是不合逻辑的
B: B错误；比较双方不对等： HC和its return,把一个事件与年份或日期并列是不合逻辑的。 助动词had错误， 要用一般过去时
C: 重点是in sighting和in its return的平行，正确；原 句 可 还 原 为 Halley 's comet did cause(caused) such a worldwidesensation in no other historical sighting as in its return of 1910-1911.相当于状语的对比： in no other historical sighting和in its return of 1910-1911的对比， 比较结构中的内容是： ”such a worldwide sensation in no other historical sighting as in itsreturn of 1910-1911”， 后面部分省略的是a world wide sensation； its return of
1910-1911它在1910-1911的回归， 介词用of很常见， 当然用in也可以
D: 同A，D错误；
E: 同A，E错误

8.(246)Scientists have identified an asteroid, 2000 BF19, that is about half a mile wide and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but probably not cause planetwide destruction.
A.and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but
B.and, if it would strike Earth, part of the planet could experience a tremendous amount of damage but it would
C.and that, if it were to strike Earth, could do tremendous damage to part of the planet but would
D.and that, if Earth is struck by it, can do part of the planet tremendous damage, but it would  
E.and that, if it strikes Earth, it could experience a tremendous amount of damage but
C
A:  strike, can, cause都没有用虚拟语气，A错误
B: 虚拟语气用法错误；it指代错误，B错误；if和but后面的it都指代part of the planet， 两个都指代错误； if条件句里的虚拟语气谓语形式错误， 表示可能与将来事件相反， 应该用“动词过去式(be用were)， should+ 动词原形(should在此无实际含义)或者were to + 动词原形”。
C: 虚拟语气
D: D错误；do part of the planet tremendous damage表达awkward,易有歧义， 是理解成do part of （the planet tremendous damage） ； it多余， 应和前面can平行。 It应指代asteroid, 但结构上却和前面一致， 指代了earth，错。
E: E错误；没有体现出假设的语气， strikes用了现在时； but后没有情态动词， 表达不出假设的语气； 两个主从对位的it从逻辑上说指代了不同的东西， 错误； 有了前面that关系代词做主语， it could中的it多余， 定语从句已经有主语that。

9.(247)Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less, get better gas mileage, allow passengers to get in and out more easily, and have a smoother ride.
A.Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,
B.Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, they cost less,
C.Minivans carry as many as seven passengers, in comparison with most sport utility vehicles, and have a lower cost, they
D.Minivans, carrying as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,   
E.Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles the cost is lower, and they
carry
A （纠结D）
A: 正确；carry和后面的四个动作是大平行， cost， get， allow and have是小平行；and后面省略了主语
B: Minivans和they双重主语，B错误
C: Run-on，两套主谓宾结构，C错误
D: compared不知道修饰carrying句，还是修饰cost less句，D错误；曾经的争议选项； compared with结构有修饰前面的carrying as many as seven passengers的歧义， squinting modifier
E: E错误；前半个分句有两个主语Minivans和the cost； Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers成了悬垂结构； 打破了原先逻辑含义合理的各动词平行结构



10.(248)The United States minted about 857 million silver-colored “Susan B. Anthony” dollars between 1979 and 1981, but the coin proved unpopular because it looked and felt too much like a quarter.
A.The United States minted about 857 million silver-colored “Susan B. Anthony” dollars between 1979 and 1981, but the coin
B.About 857 million silver-colored “Susan B. Anthony” dollars were minted as coins in the United States between 1979 and 1981 but
C.About 857 million silver-colored “Susan B. Anthony” dollars that were minted between 1979 and 1981 in the United States
D.About 857 million silver-colored “Susan B. Anthony” dollars that the United States minted between 1979 and 1981         
E.Between 1979 and 1981 the United States minted about 857 million silver-colored “Susan B. Anthony” dollars, which
A （纠结D）
A: 正确
B: because从句的主语是it，主句的主语是dollars，不符，B错误；未划线部分的it无指代， 从该it看出but后面要加上一个单数名词做主语与状语从句的it对位； were minted被动语态不如主动语态简洁
C: because从句的主语是it，主句的主语是dollars，不符，C错误；未划线部分的it无指代； were minted被动语态不如主动语态简洁
D: because从句的主语是it，主句的主语是dollars，不符，D错误；未划线部分的it无指代；dollars后面的that多余， 关系代词在定从中做宾语可以省略
E: it指代dollars，E错误

shirleyliu_46

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shirleyliu_46

DACBA A(错误，应该是C）CCAA

6.(244)In Japan, a government advisory committee called for the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the largest telephone company in the world, so it would be two local phone companies and one long-distance provider.
A.In Japan, a government advisory committee called for the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the largest telephone company in the world, so it would be （错误，it指代歧义，可能会优先指代主语a government advisory committee）
B.The breakup of the world's largest telephone company, Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, was called for by a government advisory committee in Japan, so it would be
C.A government advisory committee in Japan called for the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the world's largest telephone company, into （正确）
D.The breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the world's largest telephone company, was called for by a government advisory committee in Japan, so it would be   
E.Called for by a government advisory committee, the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company in Japan, the world's largest telephone company, was to be into

动感糕人

dd

动感糕人

1.A❌——D✅
Were it not for the fushion-powered heat and radiation, … 是虚拟语气倒装，正确语序为（if）it were not for ….，后面主句一开始就应该是主语，不能是连词、副词❕
it应该指代为a star，所以its own weight和it同时出现时会指代不明
2.A
比较结构，成分、时态都要一致
3.D❌——C✅
平行结构中前面时主谓宾，后面是主系表是错误的，功能上不平行；前句中energy produced in France，所以后句平行也该是energy produced in Germany；while和whereas不用追求含以上的绝对平行，所以主谓宾结构可以主语宾语颠倒，但含义和成分必须平行。
4.A❌—-B✅
expectation后面用that从句更佳，用of会显得冗长；would显示预期的内容没有实现，A选项中that没有指代对象❕
为什么可以spending double the rate in spending❓
5.A
固定搭配：capability to do；able to do
especially强调严重性，specially强调特殊性
6.C
it指代breakup是错误的
7.C
比较结构省略了主谓宾
8.C
9.A
compared with后面是四个小平行，and后省略了主语
10.A
其他选项中it无指代

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