【菜鸟成长日记】SC考点分类笔记（3）：单复数和赘余

雪姜姜

SC复习纲要：刷题到一定程度后，一味的刷题会导致成长的边际效应递减，适当刷题刷速+总结考点，才是成长的核心！

SC考点笔记-简介
1. 本贴目标：以笔记的形式总结每一种SC考点，以及错题
2. 菜鸟lz的学习背景：Gmatla 1v1课
3. 题目来源：毕出7套、Gmatla语法大全、OG、prep
3. 内容分类类型：以SC考点，如平行、伴随状语、同位语等，为分类依据，通过考点解析和错题解析，进行总结
注：以下均为Lz个人总结，欢迎纠错~

单复数纯粹是词语积累问题，做多了积累就好；
赘余和代词有时候还有很大的关系，需要把意思带进去句子里面，在心里默读看是否通顺

考点3：单复数
1. 关键词积累，如：

• news of shoots，news是单数
• the number of，是单数
• a number of，是复数
  

2. 例题
Some scientistshave been critical of the laboratory tests conducted by the Federal Drug Administration on the grounds

that theamounts of suspected carcinogens fed to animals far exceeds those that humans couldconsume

（A）far exceeds those that humans could consume

（B）exceeds by far those humans can consume

（C）far exceeds those humans are able to consume

（D）exceed by far those able to be consumed by humans

（E）far exceedthose that humans could consume

解析：

主干为

• X1 that X2
  

• X1=scientits have been critical of tests
• X2=the amounts of carcinogens exceeds the amounts that human could consume
  

选项为

• 是C的数量和人能consume的数量做对比
  

• by far是到目前为止的意思，句中amount far exceed（数量远远超过）的意思，比amount exceed by far（数量超过到目前为止）更合理，所以B、D都不对
• 在X2中，是amounts exceed amounts，2个amounts是不想同的，用those
• 且在X2中，the amounts of均为复数名词，因此exceeds不对，不能用单数，A，B，C都不对
• 只剩下E正确啦
  

In addition to being China's first administrators, in thesense that they developed a coherent bureaucracy for their empire,

the firstliterate culture in East Asia were the Shang, and they were well known forcrafting ornate bronze ritual vessels.
（A）the first literate culture in East Asia were the Shang, and they were wellknown for crafting

（B）the first literate culture in East Asia were the Shang, well known as thecrafters of

（C）the Shang, as the first literate culture in East Asia, is well known forits crafting

（D）the Shang werethe first literate culture in East Asia and are well known as the crafters of

（E）the Shang werethe first literate culture in East Asia and well known for its crafted

解析：

主干为

• X1 and X2
• X1=The Shang were the first literate culture
• X2=The Shang are well know as the crafters
  

选项为

• The Shang，不能只理解为商朝，因为后面说they were well know，这些人craft技术很有名，所以the Shang要翻译为商朝人
• A：In addition to being China's first administrators，作为伴随修饰的是主句的主语，主句主语不能是the first literate culture文化，而是要修饰The Shang商朝人，不对
• B：同A
• C：The Shang是复数名词，不能用is
• D：正确，are代表商朝人对于制作铜器这件事，现在也是很著名的
• E：and well known中间缺少谓语动词，理论上来说，在“X1 and X2” 这样的句型中，谓语动词是可以省略的，但是The Shang“过去”在制作铜器上很著名，不对，现在也很著名
  

注意：lz单复数错的题目不多，有需要的话可以在评论区留下单复数容易错的词和词组

考点4：赘余
1. 核心考点：
1）代词的赘余
2）相似词语的赘余

2. 例题：赘余往往不是一道题考点最关键的地方，所以以下题目分析仅聚焦于赘余的部分，其他考点之后再细说
（2）相似词语的赘余
It seems likely that anumber of astronomical phenomena, such as the formation of planetarynebulas,

may becaused by the interaction where two stars orbit each other at close range.

（A）may be caused by the interaction where two stars orbit each other

（B）may be caused by the interaction between two stars that each orbit the other

（C）are because of the interaction between two stars that orbit each other

（D）are caused by the interaction of two stars where each is orbiting the other

（E）are caused by theinteraction of two stars orbiting each other

解析：

• likely和maybe赘余，所以A、B不对
• C：are是Be动词，后面不能直接跟Because of
• D：where不可以修饰stars
• E：正确，orbiting做定语修饰stars，2个靠太近的星星的interaction，语意通顺
  

Unlike the short flights of theshuttle and earlier spacecraft, which carried sufficient power in fuel cellsand batteries, a permanently orbiting space station will have togenerate its own electricity.

（1）the shuttle and earlier spacecraft, with sufficient enough power in fuel cells andbatteries for their short flights,

（2）the shuttle and earlier spacecraft, which were capable ofcarrying sufficient power in fuel cells and batteries for their short flights,

解析：

• （1）中，sufficient和enough赘余；with是带着的意思，和主句不共享主语，那是谁带着power呢？语意不清晰，不对
• （2）中，which做定语，修饰spacecraft，是spacecraft有能载着足够的power，对
  

A recently published report indicates that thesalaries of teachers continue to lag far behind other college-educated professionals, becausethey make an average of nearly $8,000 a year less at the start of their careersand almost $24,000 less a year by the time they reach the age of 50.

（A）othercollege-educated professionals, because they make an average of nearly $8,000 ayear less at the start of their careers and almost $24,000 less

（B）other college-educated professionals, by an average of nearly $8,000 a yearat the start of their careers, to almost $24,000

（C）what other college-educated professionals are paid--making an average ofnearly $8,000 a year less at the start of their careers and almost $24,000 less

（D）those of other college-educated professionals--by an average of nearly$8,000 a year at the start of their careers to almost $24,000 less

（E）those of other college-educated professionals--by an average of nearly$8,000 a year at the start of their careers, and by almost $24,000

解析：

主句为

• report indicates that X1
• X1= salary lag behind, becuase Y1
• Y1= by an avg 8k元/年 at the start and by 2w4k元/年 by the time reach 50岁
  

选项为

• because前面，对比的是A学校教师的工资和其他学校教师的工资，所以other college-edu professionals前面需要加 those，以指代salaries，ABC都不对
• D：because后面 by A to B表示范围，这里表达的是2个不同时期的工资差异，不需要用to
• E：正确，beacuse在职业生涯的开端会少8k元，在50岁的时候会差2万4的工资差异
  

欢迎纠错~
尽量2天1更~

雪姜姜

最后一题忘记说了，赘余的部门是lag和less
一道题可以有多种解答方式，如果没办法看出lag和less是赘余，也可以用上述的方式做题

Rosa_May

感谢分享！