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[阅读小分队] 【揽瓜阁 外刊精读8.0】Day5 2021.06.20【人文科学-婚姻、音乐】

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发表于 2021-6-19 22:03:48 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
  揽瓜阁俱乐部第八期
  Day5 2021.06.20

【人文科学-婚姻】The Separate Worlds of Bill and Melinda Gates(NYT-579字 短精读)

When the pandemic hit last March, the couple retreated to their 66,000-square-foot home on the shore of Lake Washington, venturing out infrequently to minimize their potential exposure to the virus. From their home offices they continued running the influential foundation that bears their name, video chatting with world leaders to secure financial commitments for vaccine distribution, and talking about the health of American democracy with their youngest daughter, who was finishing her senior year of high school remotely.

For a couple who had spent much of the past three decades traveling the world, so much time together at home was an abrupt change of pace. “Working from home — that was a piece that I think we hadn’t really individually prepared for quite as much,” Ms. French Gates told The New York Times in October.

In a November podcast, Mr. Gates also spoke about adjusting to life at home after decades on the road. “My life has changed utterly,” Mr. Gates said. “It’s very abnormal.”

The news on Monday that the power couple of global philanthropy would be dissolving their marriage sent shock waves through the field. For those who, unlike Mr. Gates and Ms. French Gates, had never thought about mRNA vaccines before Covid19 hit, the pandemic brought home in the clearest way possible just how influential their foundation is in the field of global public health. And the divorce announcement, and subsequent spotlight, has made clear how dependent such an essential organization is on its ultrawealthy founders.

Foundation staff members were surprised by the announcement. Mr. Gates, 65, and Ms. French Gates, 56, are both handson leaders, and much of the power of the foundation lies not just in the billions of dollars they have given it but also in their public standing and connections.

But for years the couple had already been building out closely connected but different worlds, nurturing their respective — and sometimes overlapping — interests through independent channels. She had spent more time supporting women’s issues, while he had been pursuing clean energy projects. Inside the foundation, they each had their own areas of focus, too.

“Institutionally, the foundation had already absorbed the separation,” said Benjamin Soskis, a philanthropy expert and senior research associate at the Urban Institute. “They each have their own areas of interest. It’s not as if this was a unitary entity that is suddenly shattered.”

The foundation has made reassuring statements that nothing will change. It will continue with its $50 billion endowment and important range of issues. But because each co-founder has a separate project — Gates Ventures for him, Pivotal Ventures for her — there is anxiety within the foundation that it may no longer be the dynamic center of their work.

To many who saw the couple only in the professional setting of the foundation, it was more surprising. “People just seemed shocked. They’re speechless. They’re really blindsided. After such a difficult year of people working so hard it just feels like more whiplash,” a former longtime foundation executive said. The question everyone is asking now is how it will affect the foundation moving forward. “There’s already these divisions, how are they not going to be more reinforced?”

“It’s a family foundation. Bill and Melinda’s names are on the door, which means anytime something changes there’s just this whole ripple effect,” said the former foundation executive. “You put this in the middle of it, it just feels like it creates even more uncertainty in an organization that’s always filled with uncertainty.”


【人文科学-音乐】Reviving the art of classical improvisation( WSY -347 字 短精读)





【笔记格式要求】
同学们精读这 2 篇文章并进行笔记打卡

精读笔记格式要求:
1.总结文章中心大意
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
4.总结文章中的生词
5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间

这里也给大家三点学习小建议哦~
精读:如遇到读不懂的复杂句,建议找出句子主干,分析句子成分,也可以尝试翻译句子来帮助理解~



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沙发
发表于 2021-6-19 23:15:13 | 只看该作者
背景补充也是一团大乱斗,媒体以及营销号的盛宴吧,他们俩再怎么分财产也不会影响我个人的财富排名,之后爆出来之后就是各种比尔·盖茨的前女友啊,出轨啊 等待八卦,感觉也是一场并不新颖的离婚,首富的婚姻也是一地鸡毛,大抵有些关系并不美好,不如早结束早好。


文章大意
对比尔盖茨离婚对基金会的影响

段落大意
1 疫情的时候他们俩夫妻躲到了他们一个度假别墅里面,然后在家办公
2 过去三十年他们一直满世界跑,现在在家工作一直在一起打乱了两个人的节奏
3 比尔盖茨本人认为他的生活完全被改变了
4 他俩离婚引起了很大的反应,但是不会影响关键组织的运作
5 基金会的员工都很惊讶,盖茨夫妇都对基金会有很大的影响力
6 过去那些年,盖茨夫妇关注的领域是不同的,梅琳达更关注女性议题
7 基金会比较集权,方向比较依靠他俩的关注领域,对基金的打击还是比较巨大的
8 基金会表示不会有什么改变,每年重要的援助也不会变,但是从联合捐助到分开的捐助,对基金会的压力在于如何很好处理这种情况
9 这个消息是令人震惊的,他俩的离婚会怎样影响共同的基金会的未来道路呢
10 这是个家庭基金会,两个人的名字都在门上,这是一个充满不确定性的组织

单词
philanthropy
◙ noun [U]
• the practice of helping the poor and those in need, especially by giving money
• 博爱;慈善;乐善好施
unitary
◙ adj.
1. (technical 术语) (of a country or an organization 国家或机构) consisting of a number of areas or groups that are joined together and are controlled by six government or group
• 集中的;统一的;中央集权制的:
shattered
◙ adj.
1. very shocked and upset
• 非常惊愕难过的;遭受极大打击的:
endowment
◙ noun
1. [C, U] money that is given to a school, a college or another institution to provide it with an income; the act of giving this money
• 捐款;捐赠;资助
2. [C, usually pl.] (formal) a quality or an ability that you are born with
• 天赋;天资;才能
whiplash
◙ noun
1. [C, usually sing.] a hit with a whip
• 鞭打

摘抄
When the pandemic hit last March, the couple retreated to their 66,000-square-foot home on the shore of Lake Washington, venturing out infrequently to minimize their potential exposure to the virus.

For a couple who had spent much of the past three decades traveling the world, so much time together at home was an abrupt change of pace.






板凳
发表于 2021-6-20 05:32:18 发自 iPhone | 只看该作者
day 5打卡

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地板
发表于 2021-6-20 10:42:41 发自 iPhone | 只看该作者
p1
1.盖茨夫妇离婚对于基金会的影响
2.
1-3描述大流行后,盖茨夫妇回到家里办公,运营基金会。这改变了他们的生活
45他们离婚的消息对于基金会影响很大,这个基金会如此依赖他的创始人,超级富豪
67盖茨夫妇又很紧密的联系,但是却在不同领域从事慈善工作。城市研究所说了一句话描述这个局面。
8基金会宣称不会有任何改变,但每位创始人都有独立计划,基金会的工作重心将不再长久
9人们更震惊,疑问是已经有了这么多部门、部分,为甚不加强
10家庭组织的意味着任何改变都有波动,会有更多不确定性。
philanthropy 慈善 unitary 单一制的 entity 实体 shatter 打破
p2
1.自由演奏与华美乐章
2.
1华美乐章是一种自由发挥的延迟终章的起源于18世纪。音乐家用它来装饰,使得自由发挥收到控制。m的实践。b也用它,但最终终结了它。演奏者逐渐用写好的取代它。
2.古典实践的宣传者相信,它不仅是历史真实的,更是智力上活跃的
摘抄:第二段第一句
embellish 装饰 spontaneous 自发的

5#
发表于 2021-6-20 11:58:44 | 只看该作者
D5

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6#
发表于 2021-6-20 13:06:16 | 只看该作者
主旨:也许是这种主要人物的私人分离对于两人的公共事业有什么影响?
俩人在疫情期间讨论了经济和美国民主问题??
前三十年这俩到处飞,疫情使得他们的节奏被打乱。
离婚新闻出来了,foundation 如此具有影响力,这个新闻表示founders对于关键组织很重要??
介绍foundation sraff-dollar-standing
两人建立独立又相关的领域,关注于自身
foundation吸收这种分离
foundation不会有任何改变。但既然分开,foundation不会成为他们工作重心
对于关注foundation的分工的人而言,惊讶--关注之后foundation如何前进
关键是这是一个家庭foundation,这种情况创造更多不确定性。

reviving
主旨:improvisation的复兴
p1:im怎么来的,有谁用以及具体的几个名家,最后以一个时代的落寞结尾
p2:现代支持者的观点,实验+言论,说现在的音乐都是匠气
cadanzas--play freely--play in opera and instrumental--bring impro under control--m to peak-c =lofic-Bee tradition^also kill it?--concerto is told not to make but play--performer stop,turn to a repertory--singer more freedom but cautious--im,jazz
classical-histotically valid+intellectually enlivening--experiment-cognitice and improcise--2zones--decision+language--gymnasitics with affectation

bear 承担;
unitary 单一的;单位的
foundation 基金会
blindside v. 出其不意地袭击
whiplash n. 鞭绳;鞭子的顶端;鞭打
venture out 探险
philanthropy 慈善
dissolving 毁灭性的;v. 使溶解

From their home offices they continued running the influential foundation that bears their name, video chatting with world leaders to secure financial commitments for vaccine distribution, and talking about the health of American democracy with their youngest daughter, who was finishing her senior year of high school remotely.
【这句话我没看懂,多看几次】

improvisation 即兴创作
spring up 涌现
embellish 修饰
devise 设计
retain 保持
avant 激进的,先锋派的
enliven vt. 使活泼;使生动;使有生气,使活跃
tract n. 束;大片土地,地带;小册子
gymnastics n. 体操;体育;体操运动

好家伙,这两篇是我的死亡领域,人看没了
7#
发表于 2021-6-20 13:34:36 | 只看该作者
D5

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8#
发表于 2021-6-20 14:27:56 发自 iPhone | 只看该作者
day5

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9#
发表于 2021-6-20 14:56:06 | 只看该作者
打卡!

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10#
发表于 2021-6-20 16:13:09 | 只看该作者
The Separate Worlds of Bill and Melinda Gates
1.总结文章中心大意:
讨论比尔盖茨夫妇离婚声明和行为对基金会带来的一些影响
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意:
1-3、疫情下盖茨夫妇不再四处旅游受到的影响搬到别墅中继续在家工作和开会以及讨论,感到不适
4-10、这对夫妇发布了离婚声明,大家都受到了很大的冲击,因为二人的公共地位和关系对基金会有很大影响力,但又由于夫妇二人关注点不同,所以一边觉得不会影响基金会发展,一边觉得认为对基金会影响很大

3、喜欢的句子摘抄
“They each have their own areas of interest. It’s not as if this was a unitary entity that is suddenly shattered.”

4.总结文章中的生词
philanthropy n. 博爱,慈善;慈善事业
democracy n. 民主,民主主义;民主政治
pandemic adj. (疾病)在全国(或世界)流行的 n. (全国或全球性)流行病,瘟疫
whiplash n. 鞭绳;鞭子的顶端;鞭打


5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
阅读时间:10mins
总结时间:12mins
总时间:22mins

Reviving the art of classical improvisation
1.总结文章中心大意:
关于古典音乐中加入即兴创作的各个时期变化和讨论
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意:
1、介绍Cadenzas的起源和发展,发展到后来逐渐暂停了Cadenzas
2、古典音乐支持者表示即使短暂的即兴会获得一些无形的东西,认为表演者应培养风险和惊喜带到演出中,这样才不会显得音乐“矫揉造作”,
而现阶段大量现代音乐创作显得“矫揉造作”


4.总结文章中的生词
improvisations n. 即兴创作;即席演奏
cognitively adv. 认知地

cadenzas背景介绍:原指意大利正歌剧中咏叹调末尾处由独唱者即兴发挥的段落。后来在协奏曲乐章的末尾处也常用此种段落,通常乐队暂停演奏,由独奏者充分发挥其表演技巧和乐器性能。这部分的演奏较自由,难度也较高,因而也较引人注目。华彩乐段最初由独奏者即兴创作,后来作曲者也开始写作。如莫扎特、贝多芬为自己的协奏曲写了一些华彩乐段,自门德尔松后,很多作曲家都自写华彩乐段,成为作品中的有机部分和有独立特点的段落。

5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
阅读时间:10mins
总结时间:30mins
总时间:40mins


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