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[阅读小分队] 【揽瓜阁4.0】Day5 2021.01.22【人文科学-音乐、文化、语言】

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发表于 2021-1-21 22:38:31 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  揽瓜阁俱乐部第四期
  Day5 2021.01.22


【人文科学-音乐】
The pandemic has changed China’s nightclubs:It has given local DJs a chance to shine
(The Economist - 481 字 短精读)

Getting into Zhao Dai, an underground nightclub in a fashionable part of Beijing, involves a little more faff than it once did. Party animals must prove that they have not travelled anywhere they might have picked up covid-19, by showing doormen a code generated by a government mobile app. Once inside, however, the smoke-filled basement is just as sweaty as usual. On a recent Saturday a hundred unmasked revellers bopped to techno tunes. No one bothered to maintain social distancing while dancing.

The pandemic posed an enormous threat to China’s fragile club scene. Nightspots in Beijing were forced to shut in January. They did not reopen properly until August. Yet many electronic-music clubs have weathered the disruption, in part because punters freed from lockdown have flocked back to them. A bouncer eyeing the crowd at Zhao Dai says it is as busy as it was before the closures. Michael Ohlsson, the American owner of Dada, another Beijing club, says his business will probably break even this year, despite being closed for much of its first half.

The pandemic has wrought changes, nonetheless. Nightspots have long felt it necessary to fly in fashionable foreign djs to help them draw crowds. As a result Chinese performers have always had to make do with supporting slots, says Huang Hongli, a dj who uses the stage name of Hotwill. Now they have no choice but to give locals a chance to shine. This summer Zhao Dai held an outdoor festival, attended by 3,000 people. The 40 djs who performed there were all Chinese.

A second effect of the pandemic has been to help speed up the spread of China’s club culture beyond its traditional bases in Beijing, Shanghai and the south-western city of Chengdu. When nightclubs closed at the start of the year Mr Huang chose to leave the capital and return to Xiamen, his hometown south of Shanghai, in part because of its lower cost of living. There he helped to launch the city’s first underground nightspot, which opened in April. This year’s closures gave Mr Ohlsson more time to plan the opening of a new club in Kunming, the capital of Yunnan province.

Not everyone is happy. Ezzz, a Chinese dj and music producer, grumbles that many of the djs who have gained new followings during the pandemic are proficient performers but do not “understand electronic music culture”. Mr Huang looks forward to a time when a few more foreigners can enter the country; he thinks some exposure to trends from abroad is good for the local scene. As for the audience, few seem to care much who is performing, so long as they have somewhere to dance. Lea Liao, a Beijinger who attended Zhao Dai’s summer festival, says she struggled to see the stage because of all the gyrating bodies. “But I could hear the music, and that is all that matters.”

Source: The Economist


【人文科学-文化种族】
Review: Jim Crow's Offense
(WSY - 441字 短精读)

Identifying white supremacy as the most salient and pervasive force in Mississippi's history between Reconstruction and the New Deal, McMillen engages two related interpretive debates on the nature and evolution of race relations inthe South. First, he argues, the social relations of slavery gave way to an"informal code of exclusion and discrimination" (p. 5), which in turn evolved into legally mandated separation and disfranchisement. Like  Howard Rabinowitz, McMillensees little of the flickering light discernedby  C. Vann Woodward, no period offluidity preceding the codification of Jim Crow.' Indeed the very"confidence of the dominant race" (p. 9) in the universal recognitionof the imperatives of place made legislation unnecessary for twodecades.

Ironically, it was the perception of a threat to rigidity that  provoked the construction of a legal edifice to enforce an already familiar definition ofplace. Spatial contact was relatively insignificant; what mattered washierarchy. Second, race relations were not functions of class relations;if  white supremacy was an ideology, itwas not merely an ideology. It was not placed in the service of class hegemony,but rather seems to have been an  ideal,even to the extent that one can speak of "white interests."McMillen's  Mississippi has been shapedlargely by continuity in the content and function  of white supremacy, an ideology closely tiedto the equally stable plantation  system,but with a logic and legitimacy of its own. What changes are the  strategies adopted by black Mississippians in"their struggles to achieve autonomy and full citizenship" (p. xiii).

If the continuity ofwhite supremacy provides the context of the dark journey through the age of Jim Crow, the shiftingresponses to oppressiondefine the stages of that journey. For two decades after"Redemption," leadership continued to rest in the hands of Reconstruction politicians,many of whom had held office. Concerned less about segregation than inequality,they directly―and unsuccessfully―challenged the emerginglegal structure andthe  increasingly rigid definitions ofplace. Their successors accepted Jim Crow and subordination as inevitable, but not as either natural or legitimate.The  alternative to accommodation, in theeyes of Isaiah Montgomery and Mississippi's disciples of Booker T. Washington,was "unrestrainedracial conflict  they would surelylose" (p. 288). The final stage of the journey, initiated by the Great Migration duringWorld War I and symbolized by the "New Negro"  was characterized by pragmatic opportunism.Still disinclined toward militant protest,Mississippi's black leadership seized upon the Great Migration as a political lever, whose forcedrew upon the South's dependence on black  labor. Thedistinctions between stages one and two seem blurred by overlapping leadership and a continuedconservative bent. More emblematic of a third stage, I suspect, are the Great Migration itself―the refusal ofthousands  of black Mississippians toaccept the places available in the Jim Crow South―and the"surprising number" who joined Mississippi chapters of the UniversalNegro Improvement Association.

Source: WSY


【人文科学-语言】
How the Coronavirus Pandemic Shaped Our Language in 2020
(科学美国人 - 2分13秒 精听)

先做听力再核对原文哦~


The pandemic has transformed lives and livelihoods.

But it’s changed the little details, too—like the language we use—peppering our everyday speech with scientific terms like “social distancing,” “superspreader” and “asymptomatic.”
“We’ve all had to become amateur epidemiologists and familiarize ourselves with these terms that normally we’d expect to be in some journal article somewhere.”


Ben Zimmer is a linguist and language columnist for the Wall Street Journal. He says a lot of the words that came up fresh to many people in 2020 had existed in scholarly literature for decades.
“So, for example, ‘contact tracing’ is attested from 1910—been in use for well over a century.

There’s an example from an Australian medical journal talking about school epidemics back in 1910, and they’re talking about contact tracing as something a school nurse would need to do to figure out who was infected.”

And the term quarantine—which derives from a Renaissance-era Italian word meaning a 40-day waiting period for ships arriving from plague-stricken ports—dates back centuries. But it took on new life during the pandemic.

“Everyone’s talking about quarantining, and it starts generating all these new forms as well—‘Drink your quarantini,’ ‘You can grow a quaranbeard,’ and on and on and on as people got creative by taking these words and forming new innovative expressions out of them.”

Zimmer also chairs the New Words Committee for the American Dialect Society. At a recent virtual meeting, they voted on the 2020 Word of the Year.

Selecting from candidates like “doomscrolling” or “social distancing” and “unprecedented,” the group ultimately chose a different word, which, unlike the others, was newly coined in 2020 and truly defined what turned out to be a terrible year: “COVID.”

Source: Scientific American


【笔记格式要求】
同学们任选 2 片文章精读/精听并进行笔记打卡

精读笔记格式要求:
1.总结文章中心大意
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
4.总结文章中的生词
5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间

精听笔记格式要求:
1.逐句听写整篇文章
2.对照原文修改听写稿,标记出错原因
3.总结文章中心大意
4.总结精听过程中的生词
5.记录听写时间、总结时间、总时间

这里也给大家三点学习小建议哦~
精读:如遇到读不懂的复杂句,建议找出句子主干,分析句子成分,也可以尝试翻译句子来帮助理解~
精听:建议每句不要反复纠结听,如果听 5 遍都没听出来,那就跳过,等完成后再回听总结原因,时间宝贵,不要过于执着哦~


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发表于 2021-3-26 13:38:13 | 显示全部楼层
冰火两重天的一日………………

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发表于 2021-3-26 16:26:50 | 显示全部楼层
wsy那篇太虐了 就算是翻译成中文我也get不太到……

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发表于 2021-4-1 18:22:48 | 显示全部楼层
阅读练习,401打卡。

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