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请教with独立主格用法 两道难题 感谢

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发表于 2020-10-19 11:13:01 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
1
In undisturbed primary forests, theHonduran mahogany grows up to a height of 130 feet, having a buttressedtrunk and a crown that spread over the canopy of lesser trees.
up to a height of 130 feet, having abuttressed trunk and a crown that spread
up to 130 feet in height, and with abuttressed trunk and a crown spreading
to as high as 130 feet in height,having a buttressed trunk and with a crown that spread
to a height of 130 feet, with abuttressed trunk and with a crown that spreads
as high a height as 130 feet, havinga buttressed trunk and a crown spreading
正确答案:D   
2
Many daring vacationers whoparticipate in guided boat tours on the Tarcoles River encounternative crocodiles lurking in the shallows, whose eyes and noses are peeking out from the surface of the murkywater.
A. encounter native crocodiles lurking in the shallows, whose eyes and noses are peeking out
B. encounter native crocodiles lurking in the shallows, whose eyes and noses peak out
C.had encountered native crocodiles lurking in the shallows, whose eyes and noses peek out
D.encounter native crocodiles lurking in the shallows, with eyes and noses peeking out
E.encounter native crocodiles lurking in the shallows, with eyes and noses that are peeking out

答案选D
请教各位:不是很明白with做独立主格的用法,比如第二题的E选项就是错的,第一题的with后面加了that就是对的  为什么呢?万分感谢

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沙发
发表于 2020-10-19 12:45:30 | 只看该作者
关于第一题,GmatLa的大神是这样分析的:
题目分析:
首先,由于动词spread的单复数不同,所以其修饰的对象不同,主语也就有区别。在(A)(C)中,spread的主语为a buttressed trunk and a crown;在(B)(D)(E)中,其主语为a crown。

选项分析:

A选项:在逻辑上,能在较小的树顶上出现的肯定是“花冠 (crown)”,而不可能是“树干(trunk)”(树干总不能长在树顶上),更不可能是“花冠”和“树干”。另外,grow已经表达了“长大”的概念,不用再加介词up to,只需用to即可。

B选项:并列连词and需连接两个句子,但本选项and身后没有谓语动词,身前也没有能因为功能平行而与with短语平行的内容。up to错误同(A)。

C选项:as high as和in height是赘余的,均表示长“高”。另外,分词短语 having a buttressed trunk和介词短语 with a crown that spread over the canopy of lesser trees不平行。

D选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。

E选项:as high as和a height是赘余的。

第2题,以下讨论供参考:
https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1250625-1-1.html

另外,个人理解(不一定正确啊,跟楼主探讨一下而已,楼主体会一下,看这2个句子是否传达了这样的信息),从语义上看,
第一句话with后面加名词就好,伴随以(什么样的)树干和(什么样的)树冠就完整的表达了语义。
在未受干扰的原始森林中,洪都拉斯桃花心木能长到130英尺的高度,有着呈背压状的树干,和遍及小树的树冠。
第二句with引导的表伴随的是要有完整的动作的,所以with后面跟的是逻辑主语+V ing的形式。
许多胆大的度假者参加了塔科莱斯河的游船之旅,遇到了潜伏在浅滩上的本地鳄鱼,它们的眼睛和鼻子从浑浊的水面上露出来。





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