比较结构已经困扰了我太久太久。。。但是却很难总结出一套成熟而又行之有效的方法论
看了几道题之后，目前对这个方法论有个大概的总结归纳，在这里分享给大家，希望可以攻克掉比较结构的难题！
核心原则：通过选项之间的比较寻找差异——反应考点
方法论：
第一步：寻找其他容易解决的，没有太过于混淆的考点
第二步：发现比较结构标志词后面成分有很大变化哦！——比较对称/逻辑一致 根据对称+逻辑结构排除明显错误选项
第三步：发现比较结构后面代词有变化哦——代词替代 代词替代原则——往前寻找其所替代的词语 确认：1、代词在that/those之间转换：指代单复数成立/比较对象逻辑上一致 2、代词在特指（it/they）和泛指（that/those）之间转换：的特指和泛指语义成立
第四部：发现比较结构后标志词有助动词变化！——动词替代 确认：1、涉及到不同时间的比较——需要不同时态的助动词 2、不涉及不同时间的比较——大胆排除形式上不一样的助动词
第五步：发现比较结构后是n/prep+n/helping verb+n三个结构的变化——省略原则 如果遇到省略原则，第一步先不解决，看其他考点 第二步后补出被省略的结构，观察语义上的可比性。 第三步，实在没办法，比较词看成and，从对称角度入手
下面放上例题，并且使用五步法一步一步解决 例题1 Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than a year ago and are going down, even though floods inthe Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raised corn and soybean prices.
(A) than a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raised
(B) than those of a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurtingcrops and therefore 第一步：依靠其他考点排除：这里than后面两个比较都说得通，错误的地方是在后面的平行结构上，所以根据平行结构排除了A
例题2： According to public health officials, in 1998 Massachusetts became the first state in which more babies were born to women over the age of thirty than under it. A
than B
than born C
than they were D
than there had been
E
than had been born
第一步：寻找其他考点——没有其他考点可排除了 第二步：发现比较标志词后面还是有变化很大的选项—— D选线有个there be，前面有there be来对称嘛？没有！ 对称排除D 第三步：发现C选项有代词，其他选项没有代词——C选项有代词，代词需要吗？放回代词，发现是特指！同一个孩子被born，语义排除！ 代词替代排除C 第四步：观察助动词：发现E选项用了had been的助动词。有涉及到不同时间的对比吗？没有！排除！ 助动词替代排除E 第五步：剩下AB，发现是n/helping verb省略：将省略了的部分放回看语义 more babies were born to women over the age of thirty than（ babies were born）under it.——babies was born under age of 30 语义排除！
例题3： In no other historical sighting did Halley's comet cause such a worldwide sensation as did its return in 1910–1911 A
did its return in 1910–1911 B
had its 1910–1911 return C
in its return of 1910–1911 D
its return of 1910–1911 did E
its return in 1910–1911
第一步：其他考点——不存在的 第二步：观察对称：选项之间都比较接近，没有明显区分 第三步：观察代词：无代词 第四步：观察助动词：有had和did的区别！有涉及不同时间比较嘛？没有！排除D 第五步：观察省略：发现是n/helping verb+n/prep+n比较——补出省略部分看语义！ Halley's comet caused such a worldwide sensation in no other historical sighting as did its return in 1910–1911——哈雷彗星和return比较，错误 its return of 1910–1911 did——哈雷彗星和return比较，错误 its return in 1910–1911（caused）——哈雷彗星和return比较，错误 （为什么不是和historical sightseeing比较？因为historical sightseeing是处在介宾短语中的名词做修饰，不能被比较） in its return of 1910–1911——正确
ps：上面哈雷彗星不能和historica sightseeing的比较参考与下面一个句子的差别 the patterns of stress that girls experienceare more likely to result in depression than stress patterns of boys 这里就是depression 和 patterns的比较
因为depression做的是宾语，是独立的名词
暂时想到这些 希望能帮助到大家~
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发表于 2018-10-26 11:55:03
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