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出处是美国一知名培训机构
Another such instance is the difference between "like" and "such as": in GMAT Sentence Correction, such as is used to introduce examples, while "like" indicates only similarity and cannot be used for examples at all. Let's take a look at the following sentences:
1) I enjoy playing sports such as football and baseball.
2) I enjoy playing sports like football and baseball.
In the first sentence, we know that football and baseball are specific examples of sports the author enjoys. In the second sentence, however, all we can glean is that the author enjoys sports that are similar to football and baseball (rugby and cricket perhaps?). Whether either sentence is correct depends on the context. If football and baseball are meant as specific examples, sentence 2 is incorrect because "like" does not introduce examples.
This rule is becoming increasingly obsolete in modern American English, but it still must be followed in GMAT Sentence Correction problems.
In fact, these days this rule is so nitpicky that even the GMAT writers themselves sometimes abandon it in other GMAT question types!
For instance, Critical Reasoning Problem #59 from The Official Guide For GMAT Review (a book of past GMAT problems published be ETS) reads as follows:
Certain messenger molecules fight damage to the lungs from noxious air by telling the muscle cells encircling the lungs' airways to contract. This partially seals off the lungs. An asthma attack occurs when the messenger molecules are activated unnecessarily, in response to harmless things like pollen or household dust. (p513, The Official Guide for GMAT Review, 10 th Edition)
Take a closer look at that last phrase: "In response to harmless things LIKE pollen or household dust." This is unacceptable usage! Pollen and household dust are examples of things that activate an asthma attack. You should now be able to use the information above to perform your own sentence correction on this GMAT Critical Reasoning problem!
So what should one do in the presence of such glaring inconsistencies on the GMAT itself? Or, to put the question another way: How should one balance the rules of Standard Written English with accepted norms of spoken English? Can you ever trust your ear? |
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