关于独立结构的一些问题求NN解答！

RoxieHeart

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RoxieHeart

RoxieHeart 发表于 2017-11-30 11:55
In many cases, a relative clause (a clause headed by a relative pronoun) and a
present participle mo ...

回复自己的问题，介词短语on account of, because of, despite(in spite of), as a result of, due to
后面只能跟简单的名词短语
如果后面跟的是 V-ing(动名词)，名词所有格+动名词短语(sb's doing)，名词+复杂的现在分词短语或动词的抽象名词
应该改为连词because, Although来引导从句

杀G曼巴

第一道题，没错，是修饰A and B

类似地，A and B， who 也是如此，如果要修饰一个的话，会用以下结构：
Published in Harlem, The Messenger was owned and edited by two young journalists, A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, and Chandler Owen.

第二题
Before 1988, insurance companies in California were free to charge whatever rates the market would bear, needing no approval from regulators before raising rates.
A needing no approval from regulators before raising
B and it needed no approval by regulators before raising
C and needing no approval from regulators before they raised
D with approval not needed by regulators before they raised
E with no approval needed from regulators before the raising of
E在意思上也发生变化了，with no approval (needed from regulators)， needed from regulators是修饰approval的，也就是说这个approval在法律层面上来说是needed的，但是insurance companies 没有按照法律层面上去做这个事情。
此外，the rasing of 这个用法没有rasing 好， 我记得Manhattan有提到过，这种复杂动名词结构没有动词简洁（在都没有其他本质上问题的情况下，选ving）

杀G曼巴

RoxieHeart 发表于 2017-11-30 10:19
独立结构究竟什么时候可以用呢？
Before 1988, insurance companies in California were free to charge wh ...

还有一点我补充一下

动词的名词形式（如exposure）是IMPERSONAL的， 他们不传达“主语是参与其中的”信息
而动名词（如exposing）传递了“主语是参与在过程中的”信息


所以你看到的这个解析没问题

RoxieHeart

杀G曼巴 发表于 2017-12-4 00:02
第一道题，没错，是修饰A and B

类似地，A and B， who 也是如此，如果要修饰一个的话，会用以下结构：

恍然大悟！！！！原来是这个意思！！！我以为with no xxx是不需要，原来表达的是需要但是没有！！！啊啊啊谢谢NN！！！感激！！！茅塞顿开！

杀G曼巴

RoxieHeart 发表于 2017-12-4 15:46
恍然大悟！！！！原来是这个意思！！！我以为with no xxx是不需要，原来表达的是需要但是没有！！！啊啊 ...

不客气哈

几许VV

好帖，必须顶！！感谢LZ的认真！