问题：介词短语中的宾语是否可以被代词指代？又是否可以被从句修饰？

Allen418

请教各位大牛：介词短语中的宾语是否可以被代词指代？又是否可以被从句修饰？

Fossils of the arm of a sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991 and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest known mammal of the Greater Antilles Islands.

(A) sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest known mammal of
(B) sloth, that they found in Puerto Rico in 1991, has been dated at 34 million years old, thus making it the earliest mammal known on
(C) sloth that was found in Puerto Rico in 1991, was dated at 34 million years old, making this the earliest known mammal of
(D) sloth, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, have been dated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammal on
(E) sloth which, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, was dated at 34 million years old, made the sloth the earliest known mammal of

OG对A选项中it的解释：A    Because sloth is the object of a preposition and not the subject of the sentence, there is no reasonable antecedent for the pronoun it; 因为sloth是介词宾语，而不是句子的主语，所以it没有合理指代对象。


临近考试了介词短语相关概念反而越来越糊涂，还请各位大牛指教啊！！！多谢。

Ly珺

同问这一题~找到另外一题作为对比
The eyes of the elephant seal adapt to darkness more quickly than any other animal yet tested, thus allowing it to hunt efficiently under the gloomy conditions at its feeding depth of between 300 and 700 meters.

(A) The eyes of the elephant seal adapt to darkness more quickly than any other animal yet tested, thus allowing it
(B) The eyes of the elephant seal adapt to darkness more quickly than does any other animal yet tested, allowing them
(C) The eyes of the elephant seal adapt to darkness more quickly than do those of any other animal yet tested, allowing it
(D) Because they adapt to darkness more quickly than any other animal yet tested, the eyes of the elephant seal allow it
(E) Because the eyes of the elephant seal adapt to darkness more quickly than do those of any other animal yet tested, it allows them
C是正确选项。OG上的解释是，C中最后的it指代的是介词短语中的elephant seal
这个解释跟楼主po的那题是矛盾的

求大神指导！

emmahiggins09

Ly珺 发表于 2017-1-23 16:16
同问这一题~找到另外一题作为对比
The eyes of the elephant seal adapt to darkness more quickly than an ...

首先我觉得楼主提出的A中的问题是 it 的先行词不明确，这里A选项可以是指代a sloth 也可以是指代the arm 又或者是索性指代的就是 the arm of a sloth. 虽然可以从句意中可以推断出值得是a sloth, 但是看看其他选项中都是将the sloth 直接表明的(这真是大功劳一件，省下了读者N多的脑细胞去分析了)

再有除了it 这个指代，A还有其他更加大的问题 found 这里没有用comma 分开，那么句意就改变了啊。这里原来的句意是要说fossils 被 found。这里found 前一旦没了comma 就变成了a sloth 被found 了，句意完全就改变了。所以比起it , 这里才是大问题

二楼的这道题，it 的先行词很明显就是elephant seal 了。置于介短中的一个名词能否用it /he / she 甚至its /his / her 这种来指代，答案是在不会出现指代不明的情况下是肯定可以的，因为OG里出现过很多次的例子都证明了这种观点。

我记忆深刻的两题是: OG16里说昆虫复眼的那题和 说 Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s success

Ly珺

emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-1-23 21:15
首先我觉得楼主提出的A中的问题是 it 的先行词不明确，这里A选项可以是指代a sloth 也可以是指代the arm  ...

谢谢啊！昨天纠结了这个好久