Although a surge in retail sales have raised hopes that there is a recovery finally under way, many economists say that without a large amount of spending the recovery might not last.
3. Although a surge in retail sales have raised hopes that there is a recovery finally under way, many economists say that without a large amount of spending the recovery might not last.
(A) have raised hopes that there is a recovery finally
(B) raised hopes for there being a recovery finally
关于BCE用for,在gmatclub搜到的官方解释:"raised hopes for X <a recovery finally underway>"
Is that what we were hoping for?
A "recovery finally underway"? What does that mean? If we just want to talk about what we're hoping for, we're hoping for a recovery.
If we want to get more complicated, we could also say that we hope that something is true: that a recovery was finally underway. But we actually have to spell that out - I'm not just hoping for a noun: recovery. I'm hoping that something is true about that recovery - that it has already started . 关于现在完成时和一般过去时有无区别(gmatclub):
The other thing you can use here (and I don't know why the explanation doesn't say this): answer E changes the tense. Now, we could write this sentence using present perfect or we could write it using past - both are okay. But they do mean two different things, obviously: present perfect means it's still true(continued effect和我想的一致) that the hopes are raised and simple past means it was just in the past. We're supposed to stick with the original meaning