OA C选项可以拓展为:Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether Earth would grow warmer and focused on (Earth would grow warmer) to what extent
省去括号中的红字,and两边基本平行。
E选项错在the extent that is,这个that引导的定语从句明显结构不完整,缺少宾语,无法翻译。
OA C选项可以拓展为:Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused on whether Earth would grow warmer and focused on to what extent (Earth would grow warmer)