神纠结的比较省略问题，尽管搜了好多帖子，仍然是百思不得其解~~求各路大神帮忙解答~~

Edgar_Chan

OG16
90. Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than a year ago and are going down,even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting and therefore raised corn and soybean prices.
B(正确答案)than those of a year ago and are going down,even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting and therefore raising corn and soybean prices.

求各位大大能帮小弟解答一下这个纠结了一个晚上的问题，不胜感激~~
104. Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were last year.
A.(正确答案)Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were last year.
C.  Expectations are for heating-oil prices to be higher this year than last years’ because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did

求问，1.两道题比较的点不都是不同时间下的价格高低吗，为什么第一题需要加those of 在 a year ago 前面 而第二题却不用last year's(last year's price)
         2.104题 A选项中，为什么用进行时态的？

VickyMiao

不知道楼主还需要吗，但是最近也一直纠结这种比较，我来贴一下Ron大神的回答吧：
有个student提问：Hi Ron, yes there existed other tense problem in the second part of the sentence . It is an OG question. Maybe it is not legimate to post the complete sentence here according to the rules.

The original underlined first half is "Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than a year ago....."
The OA of the first half is "Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than those of a year ago...."

If you tell me that both of them(maybe the second one is better in expresson) are acceptable, I think I get a very clear picture and have no further questions.

But the problem is the OG explanation saying The sentence as written makes an illogical comparison between prices at the
producer level and a time period (a year ago); surely the intended comparison is
between such prices now and those of a year ago

They think the 1st one is incorrect.... I am confused here...I know we don't need to challenge the OA rather than learn from it.
But it's really hard to learn from this exampls.
Pls help. Thank.

Ron回答：
i wouldn't reject "...higher now than a year ago". it's structured like the other example you found; both are fine (if not perfectly ideal).
both versions are fine.
i looked at the problem, and—just as i suspected—the choices with '...than a year ago' can be eliminated for other, quite straightforward, reasons.

don't forget—the OG answer keys are usually incomplete, and often incorrect.
the official PROBLEMS are essentially flawless, but the official answer keys are not. (GMAC's all-stars, the people who write the problems, do not write the answer keys; GMAC 'outsources' that work to people of lesser talent, presumably to cut costs.)

rorkey

monica1315 发表于 2015-11-11 16:27
比较题最重要的是相似。我知道很多人把这个考点译成平行。
第一题，XX价格要比一年前（的价格！！！）高。 ...

题主题目要贴全：
第一题：
Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raised corn and soybean prices.
A than a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raised  
B than those of a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raising  
C than a year ago and are going down, despite floods in the Midwest and drought in the South. and are hurting crops and therefore raising
D as those of a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South hurt crops and therefore raise
E as they were a year ago and are going down, despite floods in the Midwest and drought in the South, and are hurting crops and therefore raising  

这题要用排除法，D、E用as错；C despit...,and are的结构错；A 用raised，而之前的时态都是现在时，逻辑说不通，错。所以只能是B。

我个人认为，A选项直接接a year ago没有错。now这里是副词，a year ago也可以看成副词（ago只有副词词性）：补全这个比较就是Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than the prices at the producer level a year ago. 注意，这里没有of，我查了一下网上的例句，跟ago接的名词，都没有加of的。这里prices at the producer level 是重复部分，省略是允许的。举个最简单的例子：
苹果的价格比以前高了： the price of apple is higher than before   相信没人会质疑这个表达吧？---这里都是苹果在跟苹果比。
苹果的价格比香蕉的价格高了： the price of apple is higher than that of banana  ------这里是苹果的价格跟香蕉的价格比了，所以that of就不能省略了。
再复杂一些：
苹果的价格比香蕉过去的价格高了： the price of apple is higher than that of banana was before；
苹果的价格过去比香蕉的价格高了：the price of apple was higher than that of banana before.
苹果的价格过去比香蕉曾经的价格高了：the price of apple was higher than that of banana had been before.
（过去比过去的过去，这么说有点拗口了，实际表达中应该放具体的时间状语了）
这里把before换成a year ago，就一回事了。
哪里该省，哪里不该省，这应该明显了吧？

回到90题：A 的than a year ago没错，而B用了those of a year ago，只能猜测作者认为这两个价格不是同一个东西（对照上面苹果和香蕉的例子）。所以，A和B的表达都正确。（个人认为 a year ago不加of，因为a year ago是副词，但A的错误更大）。

而104题：就是苹果跟苹果比，把重复的省略了。

你这个问题我也纠结了大半天，后来自己悟出来的。

Edgar_Chan

自己顶一个先~~~upupup

Zeeee15

第二个问题因为说的是现在的事（多花了5）
第一个问题我不太确定，是不是第一句比较主语第二句比较宾语然后又省略了吧Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than (it was )last

Edgar_Chan

Zeeee15 发表于 2015-11-9 23:17
第二个问题因为说的是现在的事（多花了5）
第一个问题我不太确定，是不是第一句比较主语第二句比较宾语然后 ...

第一个问题：主要是为啥90题就不能省略，加those of 而第二题就可以省略了，两题比较的不都是不同时间下的价格嘛~~？
第二个问题：现在的事也不一定要用现在进行时吧？？？我觉得好像有点过了耶。

求继续讨论

Edgar_Chan

顶楼主！
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Edgar_Chan

有没有人可以帮忙解答一下啊？~~~

Edgar_Chan

upupup         

monica1315

比较题最重要的是相似。我知道很多人把这个考点译成平行。
第一题，XX价格要比一年前（的价格！！！）高。而不是price直接和year比。
第二题，是this year和last (year)比，C选项是比价格，然而比价格的结构（'s）不同，这违反了相似原则。
至于时态，我给你编个语境。
甲说，我一兄弟在原油厂上班，他说他们今年每精炼一桶油成本要提高5块钱。我看摊到消费者身上，油价要涨。
记者：Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were last year.

Zeeee15

Zeeee15 发表于 2015-11-9 23:17
第二个问题因为说的是现在的事（多花了5）
第一个问题我不太确定，是不是第一句比较主语第二句比较宾语然后 ...

那你想用过去进行时？这个进行时根据语义就可以知道了
比较结构是不是可以省略根据是不是产生歧义其实我觉得104就是可省可不省Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than（prices are expected to be） last 主谓都一致 可以省就简洁了呀