再问个语法问题

yukon

以下是引用Avantasia在2005-6-29 7:42:00的发言：

大全里面的compared是可以修饰前面主语的, 这个我觉得不可以教条.

顺便请教Avantasia对着道题的意见，你觉得D对吗？

GWD3-Q39:

Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less, get better gas mileage, allow passengers to get in and out more easily, and have a smoother ride.

A.     Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,

B.     Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, they cost less,

C.     Minivans carry as many as seven passengers, in comparison with most sport utility vehicles, and have a lower cost, they

D.     Minivans, carrying as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,

E.      Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles the cost is lower, and they

ring_cheng

以下是引用薰衣紫草在2005-6-29 13:50:00的发言：

不愧是ring_cheng, 言简意赅, 一语道破啊!

昨天看到ring_cheng的回帖, 还想今天等脑子清醒了再讨论, 没想到已经被高手们说成这样了, 哎, 又少了个伸手的机会 (更多可能是被拍砖).

记得上次也跟ring_cheng讨论过分词, 好象是colla的总结, 然后我加了些, ring_cheng又补上. 这次又重演. 久逢知己千杯少, 更何况分词修饰在GWD里真是重头戏, 所以再讨论一次也不为过啊!

我觉得Avantasia跟ring_cheng强调了不同的介词结构.

without being句子是要讲一个动作, 而without又表伴随, 所以默认就是伴随主语或者动词.

because of 是一个表原因的介词结构, 后面应该跟一个名词性结构, 所以要用living动名词结构, 而名词特性的词需要有所有格表明其出处, 因此its就应该补上.

强烈感谢紫草MM的解释！！非常清楚到位！！BTW，MM记性真好啊！

另外再想请教下：

OG158. With only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources, drive more than one-third of its automobiles, and use 21 times more water per capita than Europeans do.

(A)  With

(B)  As

(C)  Being

(D)  Despite having

(E)   Although accounting for

The word or phrase that begins this sentence should establish the contrast between the size of the United States population and the activities of its citizens. Choices D and E are the only ones that establish the contrast, and only E, the best choice, expresses meaning accurately with the phrase Although accounting for. With in choice A and Despite having in choice D confusingly suggest that United States citizens somehow possess, rather than constitute, 5 percent of the world's population. Choices B and C lose the contrast between the opening phrase and the main clause, and As is unidiomatic in B.

在这里，OG解释为with有“具有，拥有”的意思，似乎本身已暗含动作主语了。

那么作为with的反义词without，即是“不具有，没有”的意思，同样

也隐含有主语，因此不需要加添加代词。

不知对否，请大家拍砖！

Avantasia

请教不敢当, GWD那题我选D, 我没有想那么复杂, D里面两个分词平行, 清晰, 有效.