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OG16 SC126.Found only in the Western Hemisphere andsurviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds' range extends fromAlaska to Tierra del Fuego, from sea-level rain forests to the edges of Andeansnowfields and ice fields at altitudes of 15,000 feet. (A) Found onlyIn the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate,hummingbirds' range extends (B) Found only in the Western Hemisphere, hummingbirdssurvive through extremes of climate, their range extending (C) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphereand surviving through extremes of climate, with their range extending (D) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphereand surviving through extremes of climate, their range extends (E) Hummingbirds are found only in the WesternHemisphere, survive through extremes of climate, and their range extends
答案选B，可是觉得Found in...,H鸟(主语) survive through..., their range(此处不就又出现了一个主语了吗？中间没有连词总觉得怪怪的，算不算run on?)。这块算是独立主格吗？OG解释中有说B项是absolute phrase,怎么理解呢？ 以下是整理总结的OG16其他SC题，希望能得到大家的指导和交流哈！！！ OG16新增SC部分37题，更加考查对句意的理解 2．Hurricanes at first begin traveling from east to west, becausethat direction is the way the prevailing winds in the tropics blow, but they then veer off toward higher latitudes, in many caseschanging direction toward the east before dissipating over the colder, morenortherly waters or over land.
(A) Hurricanes at first begin traveling from east to west, because thatdirection is the way the prevailing winds in the tropics blow, but
(B) At first, hurricanes travel from east to west, because that is thedirection of the prevailing winds in the tropics, but
(C) While hurricanes travel from east to west at first, the direction of theprevailing winds blowing in the tropics, and
(D) Because hurricanes at first travel from east to west, since it is thedirection of the prevailing winds in the tropics,
(E) Hurricanes, beginning by traveling from east to west, because this is thedirection of the prevailing winds in the tropics, →Atfirst, Hurricanes travel from…but they then veer off….but连接的两个句子形式结构对称 选B 注意为划线部分的主语是they，保持整个句意完整性，那么前面句子也只要讲的是是they所对应的东西，即hurricanes，所以最好是hurricanes做主语的。结合未划线部分句子句意：…它们转向高纬度地区… 由句意可知，飓风起初是由东向西的，因为运动方向是热带盛行风吹的方向。【句意转折】，但是它们却转向高纬度地区…是因为… 【考点】简洁有效，语义语法结构平行 A． at first与begin语义有些重复，direction与the way语义上也重复，the way显得很wordy，风的direction就是风要走的way，所以多余。 B． atfirst，时间状语放句首很简洁。这里用that代指了前面hurricanestravel的句子，that一般不能单独指代句子，所以B项也有瑕疵。但是相较于其他选项来说最简洁明了，语法上没有大错 C． while这个词首先就有歧义，既可以表示“与此同时”，也可以表示转折“但是”，本句子中while引导的从句，后面跟的主句thedirection…blowing in the tropic’s不合逻辑， 主语direction自己不能blowing； 且后面未划线句子主语是they，they应该指hurricanes，而不是主句中的主语direction。Thetropic’s表达wordy；连词若为and，则前后两句语法上应该有相似的句式来保持平行。 D． Because开头引出原因，Becausehurricanes at first travel from east to west,(since插入语…), they then veer off….. “因为飓风开始时是从东往西{主句}…, (所以)他们之后向高纬度移动”。改变句子的因果关系了，不符合逻辑。 Since it is thedirection表达wordy且说不清隐含的因果关系 E． Hurricanes(主语)，beginningby traveling from…(缺少谓语动词，句子不完整)，because…，theythen veer off(又是一个主语they，谓语veer引导的句子)→两个句子之间没有连接词。 4. While Noble Sissle may be best known for hiscollaboration with Eubie Blake, as both a vaudeville performer and as a lyricist for songs andBroadway musicals, also enjoying anindependent career as a singer with such groups as Hahn's Jubilee Singers.
(A) and as a lyricist for songs and Broadway musicals, also enjoying
(B) and writing lyrics for songs and Broadway musicals, also enjoying
(C) and a lyricist for songs and Broadway musicals, he also enjoyed
(D) as well as writing lyrics for songs and Broadway musicals, he also enjoyed
(E) as well as a lyricist for songs and Broadway musicals, he had also enjoyed WhileNS may be known for…, asboth a…and a and…, he also enjoyed… 【考点】both…and的平行结构；前后主语一致 答案C 严格保证both and前后平行，要么asboth a..and a;要么both as a…and as a 7. From an experimentusing special extrasensory perception cards, each bearing one of a set ofsymbols, parapsychologist Joseph Banks Rhine claimed statistical proof for subjects who could use thoughttransference to identify a card in the dealer’s hand.
(A)for subjects who could use thought transference to identify a card in thedealer’s hand (B)for a card in the dealer’s hand to be identified by subjects with thoughttransference (C)of subjects able to identify with thought transference a card in the dealer’shand (D)that subjects could identify a card in the dealer’s hand by using thoughttransference (E)that subjects are capable to use thought transference for identifying a card inthe dealer’s hand From using….,(), Parapsychologist claimed statistical proof (that 分词开头，逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致，谁using；看句意，JBR认为那些实验数据证明了什么？that做定语从句修饰紧邻的proof了什么？ E项，capableof doing sth，而不是capableto do D项简洁并有效的表达了意思，could作为情态动词不能随意替换掉 10【陷阱易错】A long-term study of some 1,000 physicians indicates that themore coffee these doctors drank, the morethey had a likelihood of coronary disease.
(A) more they had a likelihood of coronary disease (B) more was their likelihood of having coronary disease (C) more they would have a likelihood to have coronary disease (D) greater was their likelihood of having coronary disease (E) greater was coronary disease likely
A study indicates that…the more they drank, the greater was thelikelihood… 选D。乍一看以为是the more…the more…的结构 但是the + comparative adj, the + comparative adj结构语法上要绝对意义 likelihood表可能性，概率性的，要用greater来形容 数量上，quantity上的，才用more来形容 E项虽然greater用对了，但是likely本身是副词不能用形容词来形容。Greaterlikely显然不对 13. Although Alice Walker published a numberof essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s, herthird novel, The Color Purple, which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim inthat it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize.
(A) which was published in 1982, brought her thewidest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as thePulitzer Prize (B) published in 1982, bringing her the widest acclaim bywinning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widestacclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(D) was published in 1982 and which, winningboth the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widestacclaim
(E) was published in 1982, winning both theNational Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widestacclaim. Although AW published…., herthird novel (主语，可以看出前后主语一直),(The CP,插入语解释thirdnovel不用看), published(ed做定语修饰thirdnovel) in 1982, brought(谓语)her the acclaim, winning(Ving表伴随结果)both…Award and Prize 【考点】 →看原句，although放句首表示转折，那么后半句划线部分（即以her third novel 开头的句子）则应该表达出与全半句转折的意思。注意划线部分应该是有谓语动词的句子，her third novel是主语 →Although Alice Walkerpublished a number of essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s尽管AW出版了1970年代很多文章、诗集和故事书，
→后半句表达什么才能都成转折？
A/C: her third novel brought her widestclaim?(A/C)尽管1970s期间AW出版了一些文章书籍故事，但是她的第三部小说却赢得了更多的称赞→符合逻辑 D/E: her third novel was published in1982(D/E)? 尽管1970s期间AW出版了一些文章书籍故事，但它的第三部小说出版于1982. →不合逻辑 【B项sentencefragment不用考虑,没有动词】
是her third novel brought her widestclaim=>她的第三本书使她收到了广泛的认可。
所以只有A/C对，那么A/C中： →A是both…aswell as…的搭配错误，应该是both…and故选C 14. Many experts regarded the large increasein credit card borrowing in March not as a sign that households were pressedfor cash and forced to borrow, rather a sign of confidence by householdsthat they could safely handlenew debt.
A. rather a sign of confidence by householdsthat they could safely
B. yet as a sign of households' confidence thatit was safe for them to
C. but a sign of confidence by households thatthey could safely
D. but as a sign that households were confidentthey could safely
E. but also as a sign that households wereconfident in their ability safely to 平行结构：not as a signthat households were…, but as a sign that households were.. 选D 18.Unlike the nests of leaf cuttersand most other ants, situated underground or in pieces of wood, raider antsmake a portable nest by entwining their long legs to form “curtains” of antsthat hang from logs or boulders, providing protection for the queen and thecolony larvae and pupae
A.the nests of leaf cutters and most other ants B.the nests of leaf cutters and most other ants, which are C.leaf cutters and most other ants, whose nests are D. leafcutters and most other ants in having nests E.those of leaf cutters and most other ants with nests 【考点】Unlike/like+名词 的比较结构，比较对象严格对称 →看后面未划线部分可知对比对象时 raider ants，所以前面unlike后面也应该是某种ants→只有C/D →由句意可知，Situated是修饰leafcutters and most ants的nests的，以便和后面描述的raider ants的nest形成对比。故选C D项带入原句，unlike….inhaving nests situated…, raider ants…raider ants成了整体的主语，in having nestssituated也成了修饰raiderants的，不符合逻辑意思。 20.The commission has directed advertisers to restrict the use of the word naturalto foods that do not contain color or flavor additives, chemical preservatives, or nothing that has been synthesized.
A. ornothing that has been B. orthat has been C.and nothing that is D. oranything that has been E.and anything 选C。前面已有否定词not出现，用or表示“和”，不包括色素味素添加剂，化学防腐剂，和任何合成的物质。所以用anything。 注意双重否定表示肯定，所以用nothing和前面的not不合逻辑 21.Thai village crafts, as with othercultures, have developed through the principle that follows function andincorporate readily available materials fashioned using traditional skills. A. aswith B asdid those of C asthey have in D. likein E.like those of 选E。Thai村的手工艺品，如同其他文化的（手工艺品）一样，从…发展而来 Like those of othercultures =like crafts of other cultures 【考点】理解句意，核心指代 23.Discussion of greenhouse effect have usually had as afocus the possibility of Earth growing water and to what extent it might, but climatologists have indicated allalong that precipitation, storminess, and temperature extremes are likely tohave the greatest impact on people.
A. Discussion of greenhouse effect have usually had as a focusthe possibility of Earth growing water and to what extent it might, B. Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually had as its focuswhether Earth would get warmer and what extent would be, C. Discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused onwhether Earth would grow warmer and to what extent, D. The discussion of greenhouse effects have usually focused onthe possibility of Earth getting warmer and to what extent it might, E. The discussion of greenhouse effects has usually focused onwhether Earth would grow warmer and extent that is， 【考点，主谓一致】 1. (The)discussion 是主语，后面谓语动词要用单数has，故A,D不对 2. B项had没有必要用，as itfocus 又重复了一遍主语很wordy。 3．C/Efocus on使用正确，E项andextent that is，that指代歧义，是指extent，还是值growwarmer；且and和but连接的两边要保持平行 4. C项正确。Thediscussion….has focused on whether…grow warmer and to what extent(平行)，butclimatologists have indicated… 27. Inthe seventh century B.C., the Roman alphabet was adapted from the Etruscanalphabet, which in turn had been adapted in the previous century from westernGreek alphabet, which itself hadbeen adapted earlier in the same century from the Phoenician alphabet.
A. whichitself had been adapted earlier B.adapting itself earlier C. itselfbeing adapted earlier D.having been earlier adapted itself E.earlier itself having been adapted theRoman alphabet(主语) was adapted(谓语) from the Etruscan alphabet， which(which就近指代E alphabet) inturn had been adapted in the previouscentury from western Greek alphabet, which(which就近指代G alphabet) itself had been adapted earlier 两个嵌套的定语从句的排比。用had合理，Ralphabet是过去adapted的，而Ealphabet和Galphabet又更早，所以是过去的过去adapted的，明显的时间点过去的过去，故用had合理明了 选A 28.With corn, soybean, and wheat reservesbeinglow enough so a poor harvest wouldsend prices skyrocketing, grain futures brokers and their clients areespecially interested in weather that could affect corps.
A. beinglow enough B. solow such that C. solow that D.that are low enough so E.that are so low such that 选C…的储存量很少以至于贫乏的产量使得价格飙升 1. So…that结构 2.With price skyrocketing, brokers and clients are….with引导的独立主格表原因。
31．Theremarkable similarity of Thule artifacts throughout a vast region can, in part,be explained as a very rapid movement of people from one end ofNorth America to the other.
A.The remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts throughout a vast region can, inpart, be explained as B.Thule artifacts being remarkable similar throughout a vast region, oneexplanation is C.That Thule artifacts are remarkable similar throughout a vast region, in part,explainable as D.One explanation for the remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts through a vastregion that there was E.Throughout a vast region Thule artifacts are remarkable similar, with oneexplanation for this being A项：thesimilarity…(can be explained) as a…movement.“相似性…是一个movement…”不合逻辑 B项：oneexplanation解释不清，谁的explanation不知道；改变句意了，想说Tartifacts的相似性是由于什么，而不是Tartifacts是相似的怎么样 C项，explainableas错误同A项 D项，oneexplanation for XX that there is…简洁，因果关系连接的很清楚 E项，being很wordy，this不能单独指代 选D 35. Traffic safety officials predict that drivers willbe equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as the currentone. A. equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limitas B. equally likely to exceed the proposed speed limitas they are C. equally likely that they will exceed the proposedspeed limit as D. as likely that they will exceed the proposed speedlimit as E. as likely to exceed the proposed speed limit asthey are. 1).as…as…必须同时出现，才能形成比较 as X as Y 2).be likely to do 3).equally likely两个副词连用不正确 选E 37. Not trusting themselves to choose wisely among thewide array of investment opportunities on the market, stockbrokers arehelping many people who turn to them to buy stocks could be easily boughtdirectly.
A. stockbrokers are helping many people who turn tithem to buy stocks could be easily B. stockbrokers are helping many people who areturning to them for help in buying stocks that the could easily have C. many people are turning to stockbrokers for helpfrom them to buy stocks that could be easily D. many people are turning to stockbrokers for help tobuy stocks that easily could have been E. many people are turning to stockbrokers for help inbuying stocks that could easily be 1). Not trusting themselves(暗示后面应该是谁，根据句意是很多人向股票经纪人求助)…, many people are turning to sb for help in doingsth 2). D项的easily位置错误，应该在could后面；have been没有必要用这个时态 选E 42. In the early part of the twentieth century, manyvacationers found that driving automobiles and sleeping in tents allowed them toenjoy nature close at hand and tour at their own pace, with none of therestrictions of passenger trains and railroad timetables or with theformalities, expenses, and impersonality of hotels.
A. with none of the restrictions of passenger trainsand railroad timetables or with the B. with none of the restrictions of passenger trains,railroad timetables, nor C. without the restrictions of passenger trains andrailroad timetables nor D. without the restrictions of passenger trains andrailroad timetables or with the E. without the restrictions of passenger trains andrailroad timetables or the 【Vacationers found that X and Yallowed them to do sth, without X,Y, or Z】 1) with none of 不如without简洁 2) without X,Y, or Z引导的平行。D项多了个with，破坏了平行结构还改变句意 3) without已经是否定了，所以不需要用nor 选E 46. Over the next few years, increasing demands on theChattahoochee River, which flows into the Apalachicola River, could alter thesaline content of Apalachicola Bay, which would rob the oysters thereof their flavors, and to make them decrease in size, less distinctive, andless in demand. A). which would rob the oysters there of theirflavors, and to make them decrease in size, B).and it would rob the oysters there of their flavor,make them smaller C). and rob the oysters there of their flavors, makingthem decrease in size, D). robbing the oysters there of their flavor andmaking them smaller, E).robbing the oysters there of their flavor, andmaking them decrease in size 【Increasing demands could altersaline content, (前面alter这件事情导致) robbing(V-ing指代前面整个句子,表发生的结果) the oysters… ,and making them..】 D/E两项对比，连起未划线部分是less distinctive, and less indemand.是两个形容词短语并列，所以选smaller。E项decrease动词短语出现打破平衡 选D 52. According to a recent study of consumer spendingon prescription medications, increases in the sales of the 50 drugs (that were advertised)most heavily accounts for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drugspending last year, the remainder of which came from sales of the 9,850prescription medicines that companies did not advertise or advertised verylittle. A. heavily accounts for almost half of the $20.8billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of which came B. heavily were what accounted for almost half of the$20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year; the remainder of theincrease coming C. heavily accounted for almost half of the $20.8billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of the increasecoming D. heavily, accounting for almost half of the $20.8billion increase in drug spending last year, while the remainder of theincrease came E. heavily, which accounted for almost half of the$20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, with the remainder of itcoming 【According to a study, increases(主) in the sales of drugs…accounted(谓) for XX increase, theremainder of the increase coming from…】 选C 1). 主谓一致，increases是复数，所以A的accounts不对 2).B项 Were what很wordy
3). C项主谓一致表达清晰，the remainder of the increase也表达清晰避免歧义 4) D/E缺乏相应的谓语动词 63. Having been named for a mythological nymph whocare for the infant Jupiter, the asteroid named Ida, in the middle of the beltof asteroids that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter,was discovered in1884. 全句划线的要注意理解句意：Ida这个小行星→named for。。。 尤其要注意是否暗含时间上的先后 →在1884年被发现 →在行星belt中间,that修饰限定怎样的asteroids A. Having been named for a mythological nymph who carefor the infant Jupiter, the asteroid named iAd, in the middle of the belt ofasteroids that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter, was discovered in 1884. B. Discovered in 1884, the asteroid ida, named fora mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter, is in the middle of thebelt of asteroids that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. C. In the middle of the belt of asteroids that orbitthe Sun between Mars and Jupiter, the asteroid Ida, discovered in 1884and named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter. D.The asteroid Ida, named for a mythological nymph whocared for the infant Jupiter and discovered in 1884, is in the middle of thebelt of asteroids to orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. E. Ida, an asteroid discovered in 1884 and which wasnamed for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter, is in themiddle of the belt of asteroids to orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. 选B 1).B项： Discovered in 1884, the asteroid ida(逻辑主语与句子主语一致), (named分词作定语修饰ida) for a mythological nymphwho cared for the infant Jupiter插入语), is(谓语动词) in the middle of the belt of asteroids (that orbit theSun between Mars and Jupiter，that引导的定语从句修饰asteroids). 2). A项的having been是有先后顺序的，成了在named for a mythological nymph之后，才发现了iAd，逻辑意思反了, 3).C项the asteroid Ida没有谓语动词 4). 应该是先discovered，再named for，不是并列关系and，E项也错在此， 66.Covering 71 percent of Earth’s surface ,theoceans play an essential role in maintaining the conditions for human existenceon land, moderating temperature by the absorption of heat and carbondioxide, and giving pre water back to the atmosphere through.
A Covering 71 percent of Earth’s surface, the oceansplay an essential role in maintaining the conditions for human existence onland, moderating B. Covering 71 percent of Earth’s surface and playingan essential role in maintaining the conditions for human existence on land,the oceans moderate C. The oceans cover 71 percent of Earth’s surface and playan essential role in maintaining conditions for human existence on land, and bymoderating D. The oceans cover 71 percent of Earth’s surface,play an essential role in mandating the conditions for human existence on land,and moderate E. The oceans cover 71 percent of Earth’s surface,playing an essential role in maintaining the conditions for human existence onland, and they moderate 选A 1. 若是covering开头，对应主语应该是the oceans（句子主语=逻辑主语），后面找能与and giving平行的结构 2. B项，moderate破坏了平行结构，同理C/D/E中moderate都破坏了平行 73. Researchers studying the brain scans ofvolunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the basis for makingtough moral judgments is emotion, not logical or analytical reasoning. A. the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethicaldilemmas have found that the basis for making tough moral judgments is B. the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethicaldilemmas and found the basis to make tough moral decision to be C. the brain scans of volunteers ponding ethicaldilemmas and found that the bass for making tough moral decision is D. volunteers’ brain scans while pondering ethicaldilemmas have found the basis to make tough moral judgments to be E. volunteers’s brain scans while they pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the bass for making tough moral judgmentis 【researchers (主语) …have(主谓一致) found that…thebasis (for sth)..is X, not Y or Z】选A 理解句意，找动词动作的发出者是谁。Researchers→have found什么，主谓一致 Volunteers→pondered思考什么的志愿者，后置修饰限定 B项错误的把found和pondered并列，这两个动作主语成了volunteer的，改变句意了 C中的and found使用不正确 E改变了句意， D的while pondering看似可以和studying 平行，错误 80. Companies are relying more and more on networkedcomputers for such critical tasks as inventory management, electronic fundstransfer, and electronic data interchange, in which standard businesstransaction are handled via computer rather than on paper. 【Companies are relying…on…forX, Y, and Z, in which standardbusiness transactions are handled viasth rather than on sth.】 A.in which standard business transactions are handledvia computer rather than on paper B. where computers handle standard businesstransactions rather than on paper C. in which computers handle standard businesstransactions instead of on paper D where standard business transactions are handled,not with paper, but instead via computer E. in which standard business transaction are beinghandled via computer, in place of on paper. 选A →Rather than两边引导的平行要注意 →where一般修饰具体的实际的地点，而in which可以修饰抽象的比喻的东西 86. To map Earth’s interior, geologists use a networkof seismometers to chart seismic waves that originate in the earth’s curst andricochet around its interior, most rapidly traveling cold, dense regions andslower through hotter rocks. A. interior, most rapidly traveling cold, denseregions and slower B. interior, which travel most rapidly through cold,dense regions, and more slowly C. interior, traveling most rapidly through cold, denseregions and more slowly D. interior and most rapidly travel through cold,dense regions, and slower E. interior and that travel most rapidly through cold,dense regions and slower 【To map…, geologists use sth tochart waves(that…originate ..and ricochet..), traveling rapidly through…and moreslowly through…】 选C →and引导的平行，rapidly 和slowly平行对称。 →waves是自己主动traveling的，所以就近修饰名词waves表伴随
90. Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percenthigher now than a year ago and are going down, even thought floods in theMidwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raised cornand soybean prices. A. than a year ago and are going down, even thoughfloods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and thereforeraised B. than those of a year ago and are going down, eventhough floods in the Midwest and drought in the South area arehurting crops and therefore raising C. than a year ago and are going down, despite floodsin the Midwest and drought in the South, and are hurting crops and thereforeraising D. as those of one year ago and are going down, eventhough floods in the Midwest and drought in the South hurt crops and thereforeraise E. as they were a year ago and are going down, despitefloods in the Midwest and drought in the South, and are hurting crops andtherefore raising 【Prices(at …level) are higher now than those(ofa year ago) and are going down, [even though…floodsand drought are hurting…andtherefore raising…prices】
选B 1) 比较级 比较形式+than，而不是as，故D,E错 2) 比较对象时prices和pirces比较，而不是prices和年份比较，故A/C错 3) 后面的hurt和raise动作发出者一致，形式要平行
97. The 19-year-old pianist and composer performed hismost recent work all over Europe, Asia, and North America last year, winningprestigious awards in both London as well as Tokyo for his achievement at soyoung an age, and he is hoping to continue composing now that he hasreturned to Chicago. A. winning prestigious awards in both London as wellas Tokyo for his achievement at so young an age, and he is hoping B. winning prestigious awards both in London and Tokyofor his achievement at such a young age, and hoping C. having won prestigious award both in London andTokyo for his achievement at so young an age, hoping D. winning prestigious awards in both London and Tokyofor his achievement at such a young age, and he hopes E. having won prestigious award both in London as wellas Tokyo for his achievement at so young an age, and he hopes 选D 【Sb performed his work lastyear, winning wards (in both…and…) at so/such young an age, and he hopes to do….】 1).both…and固定搭配，且要求平行，故A/E搭配错误，B/C项破坏平行，要么是both in…and in；要么是 in both…and…只有D正确 2)D项，winning随主语表示发生的结果表伴随，然后用and 连接两个句子，he前后主语一致，hopes表示现在he的一般状态是什么，now暗示是一般现在时态 B项中的winning和hoping平行，表示二者是同时进行的不合逻辑。根据句意应该是先在去年winning awards，现在回到芝加哥后希望怎样。 3) having done都暗示有时间的先后顺序的，C项暗示先winning awards再performance不合逻辑
101. Similar to other Mississippi Delta bluessingers, the music of Robert Johnson arose from an oral tradition beginningwith a mixture of chants, fiddle tunes, and religions music and onlygradually evolved into the blues. A. Similar to other Mississippi Delta blues singers,the music of Robert Johnson arose from an oral tradition beginning with B. Similar to that of other early Mississippi Deltablues singers, Robert Johnson made music that arose from oral tradition thatbegan with C. As with other early Mississippi Delta bluessingers, Robert Johnson made music that arose from an oral tradition beginningas D. Like other early Mississippi Delta blues singer,Robert Johnson’s music arose from oral tradition beginning with E. Like the music of other early Mississippi Deltablues singers , the music of Robert Johnson arose from an oral tradition that beganas 选E--【比较对象是否正确】 A项similar to other singers, 紧接着比较的应该也是人，而不是music，应该直接跟RS这个人 B项similar that of othersingers, 比较的是that of的东西，根据句意可知是music，而后面却紧跟的RS这个人，比较对象不正确 C项 As with other singers，RS made music (that arose from...beginning as X,Y, and Z and graduallyevolved…). And evolved 和made并列修饰主语RS，而根据句意应该是music来evolved；且 as with 是不正确的比较形式，无此用法。 D项Like other singers, RS’music…成了singer和music比较，比较对象不合理；破坏了平行，没有和and evolved 平行的 E项句子结构清晰：Like the music (of the other…),the music (of RS) arose from sth(that began as….and evolved into…)
116. November is traditionally the strongest monthfor sales of light trucks, but sales this past November, even when comparedwith sales in previous November, accounted for a remarkable large share oftotal vehicle sales. 根据语义，前面说，一般来讲11月是销售trucks的大月，后半句说:上个11月，甚至往年的其他11月的sales占据了总vehicles的特别大部分销售额。比strongest还要大的程度，可知中间是转折关系，用but连接。尽管感觉转折的有些勉强，但是D/E的因果关系带入句子中更不合适。 【考查】比较对象（sales和sales比较）；连接词 选A A. but sales this past November, even when comparedwith sales in previous November, B. but even when it is compared with previousNovembers, this past November’s sales C. but even when they are compared with previousNovembers, sales of light trucks this past November, D. so that compared with previous Novembers, sales oflight trucks this past November E. so that this past November’s sales, even comparedwith previous November’s sales, B项，it指代不清，是指前面的traditional sales还是后面的past November’s sales； 且sales都是复数，用it的单数指代不对 C项they指代trucks还是sales？指代歧义 D/E的连接词无法表达“转折”关系，so that表达的是因果关系
120. The largest of all planets, not only isJupiter three times so massive as Saturn, the next largest planet, but alsopossesses four of the largest satellites, or moons, in our solar system. A. not only is Jupiter three times so massive asSaturn, the next largest B. not only is Jupiter three times as massive asSaturn, the next largest C. Jupiter, not only is three times as massive asSaturn, the next largest D. Jupiter not only is three times as massive asSaturn, the next largest E. Jupiter is to only three times so massive asSaturn, the next larger 选D Not only…but also平行 倍数表达:X times as…as 【Jupiter not only is three times as massive as Saturn, (thenext largest planet插入语修饰Saturn), but also possesses…】 附：倍数表达方法集合： (1)Times的三个用法： →X times the +名词 →X times as +adj/adv + as →X times more than +比较级 (2) twice表倍数的 →比较对象不可数，如water， twice as much as →比较对象可数，如apples， twice as many as Eg: The farmhas more than twice as many as cowsas it has pigs. 注意句子主干：farm has cows →twice +n/代词(如that) →twice+ what从句 →特殊用法Twice as many; one-quarter asmany…(后面可能省略了as sth 的比较对象) Eg: When drive-ins were at the height of their popularityin the late 1950’s, some 4000 existed in the U.S., but today there are fewerthan one-quarter as many.(as…省略了比较对象) (3)double/triple/quadruple/sextuple… →直接加 sth： double/triple/quadruple/sextuple sth →sth is doubled/ sth double →不能和as搭配 →a doubling of/produce a doubling 后面不能使具体名词，只能是apples，students这种大类的群体名词。 (4)twofold/threefold/fourfold(作adj)，多用于+n Eg: a threefold increase in revenue (5)sb be +%+more likely (to do sth可省略) than to do sth(注意后面的to do不可以省略) Eg: At least 50% less likely than those who aresedentary to die of a heart attack.
124. While many of the dinosaur fossils found recentlyin northeast China seem to provide evidence of the kinship between dinosaur andbirds, the wealth of enigmatic fossils seem more likely at this stage thatthey will inflame debates over the origin of birds rather than settle them. 【While the fossils(…) seem toprovide evidence of kinship between…and…, the wealth of fossils seem morelikely to do…】 A. seem more likely at this stage that they willinflame debates over the origin of birds rather than B. seem more likely that it will inflame debates overthe origin of birds at this stage than C. seems more likely to inflame debates on theorigin of birds at this stage rather than D. seems more likely at thisstage to inflame debates over the origin of birds than to E. seems more likely that it will inflame debates onthe origin of birds at this sage than to 选D (1)Be likely to do the origin of birds只有C/D (2)注意rather than引导的平行【第80题也是rather than引导的平行】 C项likely to inflame…rather thansettle破坏平行 D项likely to inflame…rather than to settle (3)关于at this stage（眼下，现在）的位置，根据句意，而现在看起来，the wealth of enigmatic fossils更能怎么样，可见at this stage是修饰seem的，故应该是D项seems (more likely) at this stage to.而C项中的at this stage就近修饰了the origin of birds，改变了句意。 【就近修饰→大多数情况往前面看】
126.Found only in the Western Hemisphere andsurviving through extremes of climate, hummingbirds' range extends fromAlaska to Tierra del Fuego, from sea-level rain forests to the edges of Andeansnowfields and ice fields at altitudes of 15,000 feet. (A) Found onlyIn the Western Hemisphere and surviving through extremes of climate,hummingbirds' range extends (B) Found only in the Western Hemisphere, hummingbirdssurvive through extremes of climate, their range extending (C) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphereand surviving through extremes of climate, with their range extending (D) Hummingbirds, found only in the Western Hemisphereand surviving through extremes of climate, their range extends (E) Hummingbirds are found only in the WesternHemisphere, survive through extremes of climate, and their range extends 选B A项，found only in…, range…逻辑主语等于句子主语，应该鸟被发现，而不是鸟的range B项 ..... C项， H鸟，(found only in…and surviving through…插入语修饰H鸟), with their range extending…, 没有动词 D，H鸟，(found only in…and surviving through…插入语修饰H鸟), with their…没有动词 E项，H are found…,survive through…, and their range extends…看似单个动词平行，但是extend的主语已经变成了range，所以不对。若说H are found and survive则正确
128. Scientists have recently found evidence thatblack holes—regions of space in which matter is so concentrated and the pull ofgravity so powerful that nothing, not even light, can emerge from them—probablyexist at the core of nearly all galaxies and the mass of each black hole isproportional to its host galaxy. proportional to that(the mass概念要对等) of its host galaxy】 (A) exist at the core of nearly all galaxies and themass of each black hole is proportional to (B) exist at the core of nearly all galaxies and thatthe mass of each black hole is proportional to that of (C) exist at the core of nearly all galaxies, and thatthe mass of each black hole is proportional to (D) exists at the core of nearly all galaxies. andthat the mass of each black hole is proportional to that of (E) exists at the core of nearly M galaxies and the massof each black hole is proportional to that of 选B 【Scientists have recently foundevidence that black holes[逻辑主语](—插入语修饰holes) exist[逻辑谓语] at the core(of…) and that the mass of each blackhole is (1)the blacks exist主谓一致，杀D/E (2)and出现注意平行，that…and that…杀A (3)比较对象要对等，用核心指代补出同一比较的名词—杀C，应该是mass和mass比较 注意：出现有核心指代的选项，往前面找指代的名词，检查单复数是否合理
132. Almost like clones in their similarity to oneanother, the cheetah species' homogeneity makes them especially vulnerableto disease. (A) the cheetah species' homogeneity makes themespecially vulnerable to disease (B) the cheetah species is especially vulnerable todisease because of its homogeneity (C) the homogeneity of the cheetah species makes itespecially vulnerable to disease (D) homogeneity makes members of the cheetah speciesespecially vulnerable to disease (E) members of the cheetah species are especiallyvulnerable to disease because of their homogeneity 选E (1)Like+n的比较，前面是clones，后面也应该是一个复数的生物→只有E
133. As sources of electrical power, windmillsnow account for only about 2,500 megawatts nationwide, butproduction is almost expected to double by the end of the year, which provideenough electricity for 1.3 million households. 【….,but production is expectedalmost double…and thus to provide…】 A. almost expected to double by the end of the year,which would provide B. almost expected that it will double by the end ofthe year, thus providing C. expected that it will almost double by the end ofthe year to provide D. expected almost to double by the end of the year andthus to provide E. expected almost to double by the end of the year,which would thus be providing 选D (1)almost位置，根据句意，是产量近乎两倍，所以almost应该修饰double。而A/B中，almost错误就近修饰了expected。 (2)expect 用法。 →表“预期，期望”时 It is expect that.. Expect (sb/sth) to do…；expect sth/that… Sth be expected to do/be 常见错误搭配：sth be expected for sth sth be expected that (故C错) (3)and 出现注意平行！！！常考！to double… and to provide…
136 A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, was probablya church, as indicated in its eastward orientation and by its overall plan, aswell as artifacts, such as glass oil-lamp fragments, found at the site. (A) A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, wasprobably a church, as indicated in its eastward orientation and by its overallplan, as well as (B) A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, onceprobably being a church, was indicated by its eastward orientation, overallplan, and (C) Indicating that a ruined structure found at Aqaba,Jordan, was probably a church were its eastward orientation and overall plan,but also the (D) A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, wasprobably a church, as indicates its eastward orientation and overall plan, aswell as the (E) That a ruined structure found at Aqaba. Jordan, was probably a church is indicated by its eastwardorientation and overall plan, as well as by the 选E 整合句意：被eastward orientation，overall plan，artifacts…证明，那个在A被发现的ruined structure J，可能是个church。 A项，前面and前后不平行，后面as well as前后也不平行. B项，being用法不好；抓主干，the structure was indicated…不合逻辑 C项，Indicating的逻辑主语混乱 D项, as well as 错误同A；被eastward orientation，overall plan，artifacts…证明为是个church。Indicate所对应的主语应该是这三个对应的证据，indicates这里主谓不一致且位置造成confusing E, That所引导一个主语从句，That a ruined structure…wasprobably a church is indicated by X and Y, as well as by the Z.
137. By 1999, astronomershad discovered 17 nearby stars that are orbited by planets about thesize of Jupiter. (A) had discovered 17 nearby stars that are orbited byplanets (B) had discovered 17 nearby stars with planetsorbiting them that were (C) had discovered that there were 17 nearby starsthat were orbited by planets (D) have discovered 17 nearby stars with planetsorbiting them that are (E) have discovered that 17 nearby stars are orbitedby planets 选A (1)为什么用had？用过去完成时，要有明显的时间暗示，过去的过去。By 1999，说明1999已经是过去的时间，介截至1999年发现了星星，说明发现是在1999之前发现的，所以是在过去的过去发现的，所以用had很合理【注意这个句子的场景设置，到某个时间点为止(这个时间点是个明显的过去的时间点)+had，常见】 而C/D的现在完成时，是到现在为止，但是开头句子就给了明显的时间点，到1999年为止 (2) A用简单的that定语从句就修饰了stars，而B/C的there are；with；them各种wordy和歧义
138. Although she was considered among hercontemporaries to be the better poet than her husband, later Elizabeth BarrettBrowning was overshadowed by his success. 全句划线注意句意理解： 尽管她被认为她比她同时代的人相比，她比她丈夫是更好的诗人，(但)EBB（的事业/成功）因被丈夫的成功而失色。 (A) Although she was considered among her contemporariesto be the better poet than her husband, later Elizabeth Barrett Browning wasovershadowed by his success. (B) Although Elizabeth Barrett Browning wasconsidered among her contemporaries as a better poet than herhusband, she was later overshadowed by his success. (C) Later overshadowed by the success of her husband,Elizabeth Barrett Browning's poetry had been considered among hercontemporaries to be better than that of her husband. (D) Although Elizabeth Barrett Browning's success waslater overshadowed by that of her husband, among her contemporaries she wasconsidered the better poet. (E) Elizabeth Barrett Browning's poetry was consideredamong her contemporaries as better than her husband, but her success was laterovershadowed by his. 选D A, the betterpoet, 定冠词the乱用，是(among)同代诗人中的一个，无需用the；后半句EBB这个人不能因success而overshadowed，比较对象应该对等可比，要不是EBB和herhusband人与人相比，要么EBB的success和herhusband/his的success相比. B，be considered among hercontemporaries as很wordy，后半句比较对象不对,同A项错误 C，比较对象成了，EBB的poetry因丈夫的success，改变句意。主语是EBB’s poetry, 所以后面的her指代不对。 D，success与success相比简洁明了，EBB被认为是个更好的诗人 E，主语是poetry，后面又描述her success了。且比较对象混乱。 Consider 用法 (1) OG中出现的用法：consider sth sth Consider sth adj Sb be considered.. 可能：consider sth assth 是redundant的 (2)Manhattan：ICONSIDER her a friend. I CONSIDER her intelligent. RIGHT：3种 ICONSIDER illegal the law passed last week by the new regime. The law IS CONSIDERED illegal. WRONG: The judgeCONSIDERS the law AS illegal The judge CONSIDERS the law SHOULD BEillegal The judge CONSIDERS the law AS IF ITWERE illegal. (3)Longman: →think about: to think about something carefully, especiallybefore making a choice or decision consider doingsomething
I seriouslyconsidered resigning (=almost actually resigned) .
consider the possibility of (doing) something Have youconsidered the possibility of retraining?
consider whether (to do something)
We are considering whether to change our advice to tourists.
consider where/how/why etc
We're still considering where to move to.
We will have to consider your offer carefully . be considering your positionformal (=be deciding whether or not to leave your job) →Opinion: tothink of someone or something in a particular way or to have a particularopinion
consider (that)
The local authority considered that the school did not meet requirements.
consider somebody/something (to be) something
A further increase in interest rates is now considered unlikely.Liz Quinnwas considered an excellent teacher.They consider themselves to be Europeans.Iconsider it a great honour to be invited.
consider it necessary/important etc to do something I did notconsider it necessary to report the incident.
considersomebody/something to do something
The campaign wasconsidered to have failed.
consider yourself lucky/fortunate (=believe you are lucky etc)Consider yourself lucky you weren't in the car at the time.
consider yourself (to be) something
(=think of yourself as a particular type of person) They consider themselves tobe middle class. →People’s Feelings to think about someone or their feelings, and try to avoidupsetting them
ￚsee also considerate You've got to learn toconsider other people! You never once considered my feelings in all this, didyou? →Important Fact All things considered , I'm sure we made theright decision. →Disucss The committee has been considering the report. →Look at formal to look at someone or something carefully
Henry considered the sculpture with an experteye.
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