近日研究OG109 181两个矛盾的require of A B的情形,结合前人经验,得出以下结论,欢迎各位指正
先贴句子:
109.Legislation in the Canadian province of Ontario requires of both public and private employers that pay be the same for...
同时C,D,E requires of... employers to pay the same/as much as.....被OG判为"which of makes the phrase incorrect"
181.Because of the enormous research and development expenditures required of firms to survive
首先要指出的是require的三种用法
- A require B to do C A要求B去做C
- A require that B (should) do C 意思同上 多用在法律规定等context下 表虚拟,should常省略
- A require C of B A对B有C的要求
1和2是常见常用的两种用法,而3 我认为恰恰是这2句的关键.
我们知道bring C to B 经常被用做 bring to B C
因此我认为 require C of B 也能用做 require of B C (这个结论是建立在一个未被证实的assumption上的). 让我们假定 require of B C = require C of B 是正确的 并称之为conclusion I
如古镯姐 2004-12-3 的解释
两个句子中require做的成分不一样 109.Legislation in the Canadian province of Ontario requires(谓语) of both public and private employers that 181.Because of the enormous research and development expenditures required(补语) of firms to survive 整个句子还原以后为:To survive in the electronics industry requires enormous research and development expenditures of firms.
181可以还原成红字部分 抽象出来 就是 A require C of B
A=To survive ... C=xx expenditures B= firms
而109如果按照conclusion I 也可以做以下还原:
Legislation in the Canadian laceType w:st="on">provincelaceType> of laceName w:st="on">OntariolaceName> requires that pay be the same for … of both public and private employers A reauires C of B
A=Legislation ... C= that pay be the same ... B= both ... employers
把两句放在一起: To survive in the electronics industry requires enormous research and development expenditures of firms Legislation in the Canadian laceType w:st="on">provincelaceType> of laceName w:st="on">OntariolaceName> requires that pay be the same for … of both public and private employers
如此和谐,令人不得相信句子就是从这样变过来的.
然后解决问题:
109 这样看句子,不用OG说也会觉得to do 在这里是不合适的. 而在题目的context下 of 是不合适的.(但既然of没有划线,那自然就不能用to do) 使用 that引导虚拟,是一个整体,一切都符合ETS的preference.
软柿子捏完,分析181,我们继续变形: To survive in the electronics industry requires enormous research and development expenditures of firms
变成被动先:为方便起见,我们先抽象,到时候再等值代入:
句子是 A requires C of B --->(被动形式) C is required of B by A
因为句首是Because of 所以用分词形式: Because of C required of B by A, …
正好这里A 是个不定式,就不用by了
把ABC 代入,成为了我们现在所看到的句子。
所以还想纠正一个错误,称为conclusion II: 就是并不象先前某些NN们说的requir of sb that对, require of sb to do sth. 错. 问题并不在这里
至此我想,这2句话应该是分析完了, 他们应该是同本之木,虽然对解这2道题用处不大,GMAT把这个做为考点的题目又少,但我想既然问题还没解决,我的一家之言还是有点帮助的吧.
当然是在假设和推导都正确的情况下.
which of the following, if true, most support the argument above , EXCEPT?
A. a NN replys this post, and he says he has witness the usage of "require of B C"
B. all the phrase whose struce like "bring A to B" can transfer to the struture like "bring to B A" syntactically
C. my dog, which always makes me draw mistakes while thinking, didn't bother me when I was writing this post.
D. those questions have already been discussed, asked for the ETS, and confirmed by the reply of ETS as an typo mistake.
本来还想编个BOLD FACE 出来, 想想还是算了
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-4-27 17:47:11编辑过] |