[求助贴] 关于Having done结构不能做限定性修饰

Motil

摘录：
“prep1-97：Industrialization and modern methods of insect control have improved the standard of living around the globe while at the same time they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants, having gone virtually unregulated since they were developed more than 50 years ago.

解释：这里面having可能修饰pollutants，也可能修饰they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants整个分句，所以having产生了修饰歧义

结论：having done可以做非限定性修饰，不能做限定性修饰。”


读完这些有些一知半解，请好心人帮忙具体的讲解一下，最好能举几个简单且具体的例句，谢谢大家，爱你们哦

ukyo2003

你的第二个例子：
E. 就是时态问题，having beached如果是过去事件beached了，应该用that beached表示该动作已经完结不再发生，如果强调是在某个最近时间段beach的，并且现在还在beach就用that has beached，如果强调正在beach就用that is beaching；having beached不伦不类，beached表示已经结束，having表示还在继续；
如果转为Fossils of a whale, having beached xxx, have been recovered结构，having就不表示正在进行，而是因为变成非限定定语省略who改成ving结构。

A的was是因为butcher的对象是whale而不是fossils

ukyo2003

正好周末刚讨论过这个知识点，来说一下。
having done可以用非限定，一般用于S, having done, VO结构没有歧义，这时候having done修饰S主语，而不是后面的动作。
Having done用于限定定语通常产生错误：
1、时态问题，done就done了，是一个已经完成的statement，不应该用having的进行完成时来表示状态，正在完成中是很奇怪的状态
2、简洁性：having done都可以用who has/have done来代替，所以having done不是一个好的结构

Motil

补充一道例题：
Fossils of a whale that beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and was subsequently butchered by hominids have been recovered by paleontologists.
A. that beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and was subsequently butchered by hominids have
B. that beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and then was subsequently butchered by hominids has
C. that beached on an African shore more than a million years ago, which was subsequently butchered by hominids, has
D. having been beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and subsequently butchered by hominids, have      
E. having beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and then subsequently were butchered by hominids have

正确选项为A
选项E中，先不看其他的语法错误，having done做名词fossils的后置定语，所以错误。为什么having done不能做后置定语？？
选项A中，“was subsequently...” 为什么是was不是were？

Motil

ukyo2003 发表于 2015-5-24 23:17
你的第二个例子：
E. 就是时态问题，having beached如果是过去事件beached了，应该用that beached表示该动 ...

那A选项补充完整是不是：Fossils of a whale that beached on an African shore a million years ago and that was subsequently butchered by hominids have been recovered by paleontologists. ？
beached的主语是fossils，为什么butchered的主语可以是whale呢？？

Motil

ukyo2003 发表于 2015-5-24 23:12
正好周末刚讨论过这个知识点，来说一下。
having done可以用非限定，一般用于S, having done, VO结构没有歧 ...

恩恩，关于having done结构的不简洁性和时态问题我懂啦！可不可以就“having done用于非限定修饰”帮忙举个简单的例句呀，好让我看的更清晰些，谢谢谢谢！！

ukyo2003

OG上有，10几题忘了，自己去找一下吧

mstudyingsc

Mark一下！               

ccTans

感谢分享！               

3410

感谢分享！