词汇题求助，帮忙的人攒RP

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做题做了一阵子了，有几道题查了意思还是觉得不明白。请大家帮忙。讲讲选哪个，为什么选。

1. In addition, there were performers and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task.
The word "considerable" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) thoughtful
(B) substantial
(C) relational
(D) ceremonial

2。Glass fibers were little more than a novelty until the 1930's, when their thermal and electrical insulating properties were appreciated and methods for producing continuous filaments were developed.
The word "appreciated" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) experienced
(B) recognized
(C) explored
(D) increased


3.After the 1870's, a number of important authors began to reject the romanticism that had prevailed immediately following the Civil War of 1861-1865 and turned instead to realism.
The word "prevailed" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) dominated
(B) transformed
(C) entered
(D) generalized

4. Being so educable, individual birds have markedly different interests and inclinations, strategies and scams.
The word "inclination" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) tricks
(B) opportunities
(C) preferences
(D) experiences


5.Beyond a depth of around 2,900 kilometers, a great change takes place and the mantle gives way to the core. Some seismic waves cannot pass through the core and others are bent by it. From this and other evidence, geologists conclude that the outer core is probably liquid, with a solid center. It is almost certainly made of iron, mixed with smaller amount of other elements such as nickel.
The phrase "gives way to" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) runs along
(B) rubs against
(C) turns into
(D) floats on 6.Citizens of prosperous, essentially middle-class republics --- whether ancient Romans, seventeenth-century Dutch burghers, or nineteenth-century Americans --- have always shown a marked taste for portraiture.
The word "marked" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) pronounced
(B) fortunate
(C) understandable
(D) mysterious

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自己顶，请大家帮助解答。