Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.
606) "produce" could be either vt or vi. BCDE all has very obvious mistakes.
S20-11) D is wrong because it used 'was' at the end. If we fill in omitted elements, the whole sentence should be like: the amount in 1992 is 14% more than the previous year's amount. We can't put 'was' into it.
When you deal with confusions like this, you need to start from some basic and simple mistakes, and not the more complicated ones.