【Native Speaker每日训练计划】No.2433 经管

750狗狗狗

内容：Winona Wu 编辑：Clove Liu
Wechat ID: NativeStudy  / Weibo: http://weibo.com/u/3476904471
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Part I: Speaker

CFPB Chief Says Education Department Is Blocking Student Loan Oversight
THURSDAY, MAY 16, 2019


Source: NPR
https://www.npr.org/sections/business/
[Rephrase 1, 03:44]

Part II: Speed

More Than Ever Entrepreneurs Must Maximize Human Flourishing
What happened to the technological future that maximized human wellbeing? We need more from the entrepreneurial community.
BY Mansal Denton, May 16, 2019

[Time 2]
When great minds work towards a noble cause, such as the global eradication of smallpox in the 20th century, we can achieve great things. Today it seems too many of the brightest minds are working on social media platforms or viral apps. In an economy that so heavily prioritizes monetary profit over all other considerations, it’s become easy to lose sight of the obvious: our companies, tools and gadgets are only as good as the human flourishing they support.

What Happened to the Future?
Nearly a decade ago, Peter Thiel and Bruce Gibney penned a manifesto called “What happened to the future?” with the poignant subtitle “We wanted flying cars, instead we got 140 characters” (a reference to Twitter).

Since then Twitter, Facebook and Instagram have only grown bigger, more powerful, but their support for human flourishing is questionable. They’ve built teams of designers, data scientists and psychologists to develop addictive feeds that keep us scrolling and “liking” for hours every day. “God only knows what it’s doing to our children’s brains,” said Facebook investor Sean Parker.

Dr. Jonathan Haidt, author of “The Coddling of the American Mind” explains how social media has fundamentally changed a generation of children for the worse citing numerous data of worsening anxiety and depression. The financial success of these platforms has led an entire generation of Silicon Valley entrepreneurs to create the next viral application to capture time and attention of users.

We have bigger problems to solve.
[244 words]

[Time 3]
Let’s Contribute to Human Wellbeing
Humans have fantastic potential. With the right motivations and incentives, we can steward the planet we call home, reduce suffering amongst our species, and create a utopian world for the creatures that cohabitate with us. We can also catalyze global collapse and the end of life as we know it. The choice is ours.

In the words of Jordan Hall, “...humanity is in the midst of a world historical transition which will likely kill all of us (see Mad Max) but just might end in a truly amazing future (see Star Trek)...”

Entrepreneurs must be a major force pushing humanity towards that amazing future.

Ancestral Technologies: The Low Hanging Fruit
If futuristic technologies like virtual reality and artificial intelligence seem overwhelming, newer is not always better. Numerous entrepreneurs are maximizing human flourishing through ancestral technologies. These technologies have long lineages, histories, and come with far lower barriers to entry for entrepreneurs.

Psychedelics are a perfect example. Ayahuasca, a brew used for thousands of years in central and south America, is becoming more widely available for healing and self-actualization. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has designated psilocybin mushrooms as a “breakthrough therapy” that may make it legal to prescribe by 2021. Both have a long history of use and support wellbeing when used responsibly. Entrepreneurs, such as Synthesis in the Netherlands, are seizing upon this new data and traditional wisdom.

Another example is regenerative agriculture (RA), a system of farming practices that increase biodiversity and enhances ecosystems. In contrast to most other forms of agriculture, RA can sequester carbon dioxide and help to reverse climate change, which is a major goal of mine. Agriculture that supports the land in a sustainable way is an old phenomenon, but it is making a resurgence for all of our benefit. The duo who sold Epic Bar to General Mills founded Roam Ranch afterwards and implemented RA.
[319 words]

[Time 4]
There are ancestral birthing technologies that support pregnant mothers, decreasing stress and reducing the chance of trauma. The most valuable technology is one we so often neglect in the internet age: people. My partner is a doula who painstakingly supports mothers and infants during the first moments of life. Whereas communities of trusted individuals used to be the norm for bringing life into the world, today we have adopted sterile hospital environments to our detriment.

To maximize human flourishing, we must first look to our ancestral wisdom and roots. Then we can build technologies upon that foundation.

Looking to a New Future
In Austin, Texas, an annual conference called Future Frontiers brings together 600 entrepreneurs and thought leaders to share and discuss up-and-coming technologies that “maximize human flourishing,” a phrase that inspired this post.

This year includes as speakers John Mackey (Whole Foods founder) and Ken Wilber (Integral Theory), a discussion of ancestral tech like psychedelic medicine and consciousness exploration, the biggest new trends like crypto and virtual reality, and cutting edge ideas like space colonization that you may have thought only existed in a sci-fi novel.

One previous talk by the eccentric Dr. James Hardt combined the traditional Zen meditation practices of Tibetan monks with brain neurofeedback devices that accelerated the process. This technology provided many of the same brain-related changes of 40 years of meditation within only seven days. It is this combination of ancestral practices and modern technology that represents a small, but growing industry that supports human flourishing rather than maximizing profit. It is a trend that entrepreneurs can use to grow wealth and support our species.

We have the financial and intellectual capital to solve enormous problems. We must remember what is important, not only what’s profitable.
[308 words]

Source: management-issues
https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/333405

Seven Tricks to Turn Up your Charisma
Being charismatic allows you to reach more people, win more opportunities and enjoy truer friendships
BY Sindhujaa Kumar, May 10, 2019

[Time 5]
Have you ever been in a situation where your mental faculties seem to abandon you at important social events? Do you sometimes shy away from great networking opportunities, because instead of summoning your wittiest remarks, your lips get glued together and you freeze?

While it can be tiring in the beginning, experience can teach one new and different ways of connecting with people. Charisma is inherent in all of us, if we are brave enough to let it be seen. Every person is fascinating, and no matter how famous, successful or well-read people are, you always know more about something than they do. That’s humanity!

Meeting a charismatic person is like a breath of fresh air. It takes courage and confidence to voice thoughts and opinions – both energetically and authentically.

You CAN take complete command over social situations. Being charismatic allows you to reach more people, win more opportunities and enjoy truer friendships. Here’s how you can turn that charisma “on”!

1) Know who you are

The first thing you need to do right NOW is: learn to introduce yourself in two lines. Make it fun and engaging, while keeping it real. This is obviously the first thing people want to know from you – who you are. And, if you don’t captivate them in the first 30 seconds—especially if you’re dealing with important/famous personalities—it is hard to move ahead. This is something most people miss out on. We are well aware that sooner or later,  we’ll find ourselves in situations where we need to introduce ourselves; but, how many of us actually have a unique two-liner ready? Time to go to work on this! It isn’t only your job title. Let a streak of your personality show!

2) Stay Authentic

The fewer masks you wear, the more attractive you are. Let yourself be seen, with your quirks, flaws, wins and everything. Don’t be afraid to fearlessly state your opinions. What did you think of the new book or movie the group is discussing? They may all rant about how awesome it was, but if you didn’t enjoy it, say so! Elaborate truthfully on what synced and what didn’t. Share YOUR experience truthfully. Let your voice be heard. Because your opinions matter. You don’t have to nod along to everything that’s being said. In fact, excessive nodding, smiling and forced deference can be a turn-off.

Don’t hide your emotions. Is the drink great? Let your delight be seen. Did the news make you angry? Let your indignation be seen. Do your views differ? Let the “difference” be seen. All emotions can be expressed in a civilised way. And, they make your presence valuable.
[444 words]

[Time 6]
3) Treat People like “Friends”

Most of us are funny and engaging with our friends – people we know and are comfortable with. We can be the same way with strangers or acquaintances to build rapport. If you were in the same setting with your friends, what comments would you whisper, what jokes would you crack, how loudly would you laugh, how freely would you speak up? As long as it doesn’t involve offending another person, talk the same way with your new network! We don’t always have to approach “networking” with work on mind. What if the person behind the title is a soul you can really bond with? Hear them out, and share your life stories with them. Reclaim the human touch.

4) Embody Ease and Confidence

Our mind and body constantly feed information to each other. A tense mind leads to tense body posture;and a tense body posture leads to a tense mind. They almost instantly mirror each other. So, shift your body language,take a few deep breaths, go to the rest room and do some jumps, loosen your limbs, or got to a yoga class before your networking event. The more free-flowing your bodily energy is, the more free-flowing your mental energy will be; and you automatically grow charismatic!

5) Play Music that Relaxes you

Before attending an event, play some music that gets you in game mood. Sing along, if you wish. Tap your feet. Laugh out loud. Whistle. Even dance! This is a proven neuroscientific method to shift from social anxiety to relaxed charisma.

6) Practice

Like all things, socialising improves with practice.

7) Do the Inner-work

Ultimately, confidence comes from within. Believe in yourself. Be the kind of person you would respect and adore. Cultivate high self-esteem. See beauty and perfection in the uneven journey of your life. And in the lives of others. Hold no grudges, but distance yourself from toxic relationships. Surround yourself with people who love and support you every day. Take care of your health and well-being. Do the things you love. Lead the life you love. And you will come to realise that what other people think of you doesn’t affect you as much. This alone is liberating and amps up your charisma a hundred fold – so you can be exactly who you are. Surround yourself with a positive environment – inspiring books, motivating videos, clutter-free and beautiful spaces. All of this contributes to a healthy, happy mind.

Here’s cheering you on to more friendships and fun!
[417 words]

Source: entrepreneur
https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/333575

Part III: Obstacle

To Become Your Best Self, Study Your Successes
By Laura Morgan Roberts, Emily D. Heaphy, and Brianna Barker Caza
MAY 14, 2019

[Paraphrase 7]
Nearly fifteen years ago, in 2005, we published a Harvard Business Review article with our colleagues which introduced a new approach to personal and professional development: the idea that receiving affirmation is a powerful way for us to grow, particularly when it comes in the form of stories describing moments when we are at our best. In this article we introduced the Reflected Best Self Exercise (RBSE), a tool based on our academic research which is now used by thousands of people globally in corporate trainings, team building, executive leadership programs, and in graduate and undergraduate courses in a variety of disciplines.

Research stemming from this work shows that people benefit significantly from positive feedback about their strengths and contributions. It fosters healthy emotions, builds personal agency and resourcefulness, and helps to strengthen the quality of our relationships with colleagues, friends and family members. Sharing information about our reflected best selves with new colleagues as a part of onboarding processes also increases job satisfaction and reduces employee turnover.

Going through the full Reflected Best Self Exercise itself provides concentrated, if infrequent, dose of positive feedback. But there are organic ways that you can learn about and activate your best self at work every day as well. We’ve seen this more continual approach help people find new opportunities to develop parts of themselves that get lost in the daily demands of work, notice new ways of crafting their jobs, or take new steps towards longed-for callings. This article highlights five practices for noticing and capitalizing on everyday opportunities for development based on your best self.

Notice Positive Feedback

Most people are well-attuned to critical feedback; it is jarring, threatening, and emotional, and as a result, quite memorable. In contrast, it is often easy to let positive reflections on our actions subtly slip us by. Lingering in the glow of praise can also feel uncomfortably immodest. It therefore takes practice to savor moments of positivity and to hold them in your memory.

To capture these moments, create a space (digital or physical) where you save any positive feedback that you receive. This could include thank-you notes, comments written in your formal evaluations, or references to your work in email threads. And don’t limit this collection to your professional life: feedback about your personal life can be equally powerful.

When you get mixed feedback, tease apart the positive and negative aspects. Doing so will create mental space for you to focus exclusively on the positive feedback for a concentrated period of time and to use it to build an understanding of what you should keep doing. For example, professors who receive course evaluations from hundreds of students could form a peer-coaching partnership with a trusted colleague. You would each be responsible for pulling out the positive comments from your respective course evaluations and placing them into your Kudos file.

Once you have a stash of positive feedback, set a time in your calendar to review and revisit it regularly, giving yourself the opportunity to look at it with fresh eyes. Ask yourself: What patterns or themes can I identify? What opportunities can I find to express more of my best self? What more can I learn about these strengths, and who might provide that perspective? While some people may prefer to do this on their own, it’s also great to partner with a trusted friend or coach. For example, the professors in the story above could make twice-yearly early  dates with a trusted colleague to share positive feedback stories and help each other interpret them and think creatively about how to incorporate what they learn into their courses.

Ask Questions

Don’t just accept positive feedback; inquire into it so that you can better understand exactly how you made an impact. The key is doing this in a way that doesn’t seem egotistical, allowing others to see that you are not only receptive to but grateful for their feedback.

For example, follow up on praise. We often brush off compliments, because we aren’t comfortable receiving them. But they are actually an opportunity for learning—though only if they are specific and storied. Try to unpack generic labels and vague comments; seek to understand what worked well for you and for others in specific situations. Say: “Thank you for noticing X; your feedback made my day! Could you tell me what about my actions seemed to have a specific impact on you? I am trying to figure out what my strengths are so I can continue to make a positive impact at work.”

During formal performance evaluations, ask for one detailed example of the strengths your manager identified. Ask too if there are any other opportunities they know of where those strengths could be used. For example, after getting feedback that “team meetings seem to go better when you are there,” one professional we know asked her boss if there were other meetings where her calm presence and facilitation skills could be used to improve group conversations. Her boss realized that she could be useful at an upcoming customer forum, and a new outlet to display her strengths was born.

Research shows that managers avoid giving specific, actionable praise, so it may be up to you to make the first move in asking about the things that are going well in your job, and then probing deeply enough to get a concrete answer. For example, in a one-on-one meeting with your manager, say: “I am trying to learn more about how I contribute at work, so that I can continue to build upon and leverage these contributions.  As my manager, you are likely to have the best perspective on when, where and how I make a difference in this organization. Could you give me a specific example of a time when you think I was at my best and added value to your team?”

Consider setting up a meeting with a mentor or coach to discuss only your strengths and how you can develop and leverage them for greater impact. Set up a separate discussion to talk about your developmental opportunities in your areas of weakness. Because bad feedback has a stronger hold over us than good, it is nearly impossible for you to focus on both strengths and weaknesses in the same meeting.  If you provide feedback to others, consider using this practice to help your employees grow and thrive.

Study Your Successes

Conduct after-action reviews of your own work to set benchmarks and identify best practices for future work. Use the example of sports teams: review the “tape” to identify what went well, and to develop future “plays” based on what you find.

If you receive positive feedback in person, take some time after leaving that interaction to write reflectively about the experience, creating a short narrative about what you did and the impact it had. Journaling is a powerful practice, and can help you see ways in which you can bring out your best self. For example, an intellectual property director we know took up journaling to try to boost his personal and professional development. Reflecting on his entries allowed him to notice that he was best able to manage his demanding clients when he had an informal dinner with them the night before where he often got some hints about the client’s interests and concerns. This client preview boosted his confidence and put him at ease and allowed him to be fully present in the more formal meetings. Once he understood this, he began holding these informal dinners more regularly—allowing his best self to come forward more consistently. This resulted in stronger relationships with clients, and ultimately a promotion.

Also take time to reflect on your strengths more generally. For example, how can your strengths complement your weaknesses? And consider the shadow side of your strengths: how can your weaknesses overpower or lead you to misapply your strengths, and how can you avoid this occurrence?

Once you make a practice of analyzing your best self by noticing positive feedback, asking questions, and studying your successes, you will develop a more holistic and cohesive understanding of the contents of your best self and the contextual factors that allow you to bring this best self into your work. The next steps help prepare you to bring this best self to life in two ways: practicing and paying it forward.

Practice Enacting Your Best Self

In particularly toxic environments, it can be hard to get any affirmation at all. Finding ways to enact your best self in these contexts can be personally empowering, especially during low points in your workweek, work year, or career. Here are some options:

Bring aspects of your best self from another domain into the workplace. Find some outlet or channel where you receive affirmation for your valued contributions. This may require you to think more broadly about your best self, going beyond the walls of your immediate work environment, and then bring what you have learned from being a valued contributor elsewhere back into your work.  For example, if you are part of a religious community, alumni club, or community organization, or an organizer of neighborhood potlucks, mine these different roles for positive feedback about your strengths and contributions and import them into your work role. For example, if your family describes you as a joyful tinkerer, fixer of all broken tools and technology, consider how you might bring that to work. One of our clients received best-self feedback about organizing several large-scale events that brought different members of the community together; this helped her to see how she might use this same approach to bring together her professional stakeholders in leading a major internal change initiative.

Create space in your job for your best self to show up. If you can, craft your job so that at least one aspect of your role brings out your best self. If your job is truly difficult, find even a narrow set of tasks in which you can draw on your best self to offset the less gratifying aspects while you consider the long-term viability of your tenure. We often feel most valuable at work when we can see the impact we have on others. Therefore, finding roles and outlets that allow you to give to others at work or in your professional community is likely to be an important way to create space for your best self to show up.

When you receive negative feedback, try considering it alongside of the positive feedback stories you have in your file.  Reminding yourself of how you create value will reduce your defensiveness and provide you with the self-confidence and agency you need to carefully consider opportunities to use that negative feedback for growth. Identify the aspects of your best self that will help you rise to the challenge of incorporating the wisdom within negative feedback, and discern how to progress without losing your sense of self.

Pay It Forward

The best way to remember to focus on your best self is to intentionally share rich feedback with others about theirs.  This practice can invoke a norm of reciprocity, whereby this form of feedback exchange becomes customary. At the close of a project, for example, share an observation of how each member of your team made a really meaningful contribution to the team. Closing festivities are a natural place to share best-self feedback, but you can also share your thoughts through written emails or letters, or one-on-one, if your time and schedule allow.

Dale Carnegie and John Maxwell likened the process of developing people to mining for gold: you must move tons of dirt in the process, but you go in looking for the gold, not the dirt. Similarly, people who recognize and affirm others’ contributions can bring out the best in themselves and others more consistently.  Remember, becoming your best self and bringing out the best in others is a life-long journey. With courage, curiosity and commitment, you can use best-self development to positively transform yourself, your relationships, and your organizations.
[2010 words]

Source: HBR
https://hbr.org/2019/05/to-become-your-best-self-study-your-successes

lololou

Time 2 2:01
The concept of future was described as a high-tech period by Peter Thiel. But things are completely different since social media squanders up on our time. Furthermore, the influnce of social media is expanding to younger generation and human beings' society is facing much more serious problems.
Time 3 2:44
New things are not always good things. The author make examples of two things which are psychedelics and regenerative agriculture. However, as human beings, we can adjust what we've been through wisely. Even though these high technologies are profitable, it doesn't mean it's advantage to the development of human society.
Time 4 2:12
People pay too much attention on profitable cases,while they ignore what is good to human society. Old methods are much better than new ones.
Time 5 3:11
Time 6 2:54
Obstacle 14:54

eradication n.根除，消（扑）灭
poignant adj.令人沉痛的; 悲惨的; 酸楚的;
scrolling v.滚屏; 滚动
smallpox n.天花
steward n.        (轮船、飞机或火车上的) 乘务员，服务员; (比赛、集会等大型公众活动的) 统筹人; (大学、俱乐部等的) 伙食管理员;
cohabitate 同居
catalyze v.使起催化作用；促使反应；使起触媒作用
incentive n.激励; 刺激; 鼓励
lineage n.        世系; 宗系; 家系; 血统;
psychedelic adj.引起幻觉的; 使人精神恍惚的; 产生迷幻效果的
psilocybin 致幻剂:裸盖菇素
self-actualiztion n.自我实现(利用自身技能取得尽可能大的成就)
resurgence n.复苏; 复兴;
sterile adj.        不能生育的; 不育的; 无菌的; 消过毒的; 无结果的; 没有实际价值的;
detriment n.伤害; 损害; 造成伤害(或损害)的事物;
deference n.尊重; 遵从; 听从
indignation n.愤慨; 愤怒; 义愤
rapport n.亲善; 融洽; 和谐       
affirmation n.肯定；断言；确认；证实；主张;
brush off  刷掉，掸掉或拂掉（某物）; 〈口〉拒绝听，不理睬;
generic adj.一般的; 普通的; 通用的; 无厂家商标的; 无商标的
holistic adj.整体的; 全面的; 功能整体性的;

gzinafrica

Time 2  01:52
Time 3  02:03
Time 4  02:44
The passage introduces some ideas that  entrepreneurs should put their capital to solve enormous problems of human wellbeing rather than to get more money.

Time 5  03:22
Time 6  03:24
The passage talks about how to turn up your charisma.

Obstacle 17:27
The passage tell us about five practices for noticing and capitalizing on everyday opportunities for development based on our best self.
Notice positive feedback.
Ask questions to understand how you made an impact.
Study your successes
Practice enacting your best self
Pay it forward

452164946

01:45 02:05 01:32 02:41 02:13 11:27

mumuxin123

T2 1'26'' 193 wpm
T3 2'32'' 137.5 wpm
T4 2'10''  146wpm
T5 2'31''  192 wpm
T6 2'17''  192wpm
T7 14'21''  141 wpm

unbreakable1

Time2:1.23
The eradication of small pox is a great success in our history. And nowadays we spend more time on our social media, scrolling and liking each other every day. What about the efforts we did now to improve the human flourishing? A decade ago P and B said they dreamed about the future. And what they dread about---flying cars and more than 140 characters---some have already come true, such as Instagram and twitter. J, the author of “… the American mind” explain that those social media cost us a lot of time on them, and the next generation are suffered from them. And entrepreneurs in the Silicon Valley are crazy about designing viral apps because of the financial success.

Time3:2.00
The future of human are decided by ourselves, we can create our own world and we can destroy it. Our entrepreneurs have to be responsible for the future of human well-being. Then two examples of fruits are cited. Both of them have merits which can be utilized to save our world.

Time4:1.36
The example about pregnancy is cited at first. Then author appeal us to concentrate more about the actions which can make human flourishing rather than money. A meeting was held to cluster entrepreneurs together and to try to combine ancestral tech and modern science together. And one example is given.

Time5:2.05
Do you feel freeze when you communicate with others? It’s time to increase your chrisma, which is one kind of inherent character of yourself! Here are some tips that can help you to hold it. The first one is to let others know who you are. Can you give others an impression in 30 seconds? If not, just go and get it. The second tip is to be authentic. Do not wear masks and always be sincere to others. Is this movie good? do this news make you angry? Less nodding, more difference!

Time6:2.08
The forth idea is to make friends with strangers, making it easier to make jokes and communicate with them. The next one is to make your body flexible, which is proved to be a useful way to make your mental flexible. There are some suggestions such as yoga or jump in the rest room. The fifth and sixth are music and exercise. The last one is to love yourself, making a positive environment around you.