求NN帮忙啊og13 100题

xxy931211

Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
(A) Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
(B) An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.
(C) An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.
(D) Executives' being heavily committed to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes them likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting them when they do appear.
(E) Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
求NN翻译下原文啊

文中有in the past为什么不用过去式呢
是不是所有的被动都是wordy的呢
B中的one纸袋的是什么呢，是不是这类代词都指代最近的名词即action?B的解释中说the modifier when they do appear is misplaced没懂是什么意思

风吹枫铃

大概意思就是如果行政人员做某件事情比较多，尤其是做的又比较好的时候，他们就容易忽略一些问题初期出现时候的迹象或者当问题真正出现的时候会曲解这些迹象。

in the past　不是一般过去时标志词
一般过去时标志词有：ago, previously, originally, until recently, last year, in 1995, from 1990 to 1995, in an age
现在完成时标志词有：since 1992, within/over the past/last/recent 5 years, since then

被动在gmat中通常是wordy，但是不是绝对的，只能说多数情况下，尤其是在选项中有很多选项是主动的时候，被动一般就有可能错（不是绝对）

B中when they do appear 必须紧跟前面修饰的那个词，也就是they指的是谁，likely放在这里实在是太奇怪了，而且likely后面要紧跟to

B中第一个one指的是executive，第二个ones指的是signs，one在指代时要指代前问提到的相同的事物（exactly the same thing），one是泛指但也不能无所指代或者乱指，一句中两个one，本来就泛指，很容易被曲解哪个one指哪个（如果是it的话，注意不一定错，虽然manhattan上的解释说it在一个句子中不能指代两个东西，但是gmac给的题中有一个句子两个it而且指不同东西对的情况，所以具体问题具体分析吧，这个只能作为让这个选项打折的因素，不能作为完全否定这个选项的因素）

xxy931211

风吹枫铃 发表于 2013-10-30 13:29
大概意思就是如果行政人员做某件事情比较多，尤其是做的又比较好的时候，他们就容易忽略一些问题初期出现时 ...

感激不尽！

laizi

风吹枫铃 发表于 2013-10-30 13:29
大概意思就是如果行政人员做某件事情比较多，尤其是做的又比较好的时候，他们就容易忽略一些问题初期出现时 ...

个人认为B选项的especially one that worked well in the past是一个很tricky的point。楼主对此处的提问非常有水平。

work这个词既可以当“工作”讲，也可以当“运行”讲。紧跟An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action这一句，逻辑上executive 和course of action 都有可能是它的主语。而one又是个无指定的代词，所以这个分句是有歧义的。这也是为什么其它选项有把one改成it的（it肯定不能指人了）。

E选项因为是物作主语，前面的部分里只有course没有executive，即使后紧跟one这一句，也不会有其它指代了。