OG13 SC90 comma with modifier为何不对 跪求大神！！

hjsdssz

OG13-90 The results of the company's cost-cutting measures are evident in its profits, which increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it fell over the last two years.
(C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling C正确
(D) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen

以下是国外论坛instructor对于comma with modifier的解释:
with modifiers are very versatile modifiers. They can modify either the preceding clause or the preceding nouns. What they modify actually depends on the context of the sentence and the wording of the modifier itself. 也就是说取决于上下文comma with modifier既能修饰前面的名词（这里的profits），也能修饰整句，我个人理解这里修饰前面的名词是合理的吧，为什么D不对呢？难道是因为没有C好吗？
望大神解答！！

kiwifoodtown

D选项，WITH修饰是前面整句的修饰。C选项，是对前面的名词profits作修饰，显然C选项合理。

云游

关于with的用法困惑颇久了，也希望NN们能够指点一下。下面说一下个人对with用法的看法，with在我看来是不是应该和V-ing属于同一类，有做定语和状语的两种情况。其一，紧跟名词作为介宾短语，相当于形容词作定语修饰名词；其二，【,with】独立主格，同样类似于【，Ving】做状语，可以表示原因，结果，伴随和修饰之前的动词。

但是对于【,with】能否做定语修饰名词，我也没看到明确的论断。但个人看法，with结构如果要做定语修饰名词只有两种情况：其一，不加逗号直接跟在名词之后；其二，【,with】跟在主语之是可能做定语修饰主句主语的，如果跟在宾语之后，我觉得修饰的歧义会很大！就像这句中的with结构，句子的语法结构使得【,with】要做定语修饰profit太力不从心了，这句话我们读起来无论如何都是一个表伴随的独立主格的结构。

同时，我觉得在宾语之后很多的结构要做定语修饰宾语的可能性都不大。比如【，Ving】，【，ed】【to do】,【，with】等等。

个人看法不知道楼主同不同意，大家可以探讨探讨，with的用法我也很希望能够讨论清楚。

hjsdssz

云游 发表于 2013-6-25 11:52
关于with的用法困惑颇久了，也希望NN们能够指点一下。下面说一下个人对with用法的看法，with在我看来是不是 ...

相当好的解释，我感觉你第二段其二的解释直接解决了我的疑惑，我把那个国外论坛instructor涉及到这几个知识点的相关解释先贴出来：
“with” modifiers are very versatile modifiers. They can modify either the preceding clause or the preceding nouns. What they modify actually depends on the context of the sentence and the wording of the modifier itself.

In this sentence, with modifier actually modifies the preceding noun. With modifier in this sentence has the following sense
India’s poorest state, which has an annual per capita income of $111
Notice how “which has” can be understood to replace “with”. ---- India’s poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111成立
India’s poorest state--主语

However, this modifier can be understood to modify the subject of the clause（OK，这句话，我漏了） as well because of the nature of the verb - is. This is a linking verb, which establishes the following relationship:
Bihar = India’s poorest state.
So whatever modifies India’s poorest state also modifies Bihar. You can notice similar behavior of the verb-ed modifier in OG12#5 - Diabetes ranks as…

Now lets consider a scenario in which “with” modifier modifies the preceding clause.
This is a GMATPrep Question. You can find the detailed solution of this question at this link.

Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.

再回到这道题The results of the company's cost-cutting measures are evident in its profits，如果想要修饰profits（宾语），根据你的理解，用comma+with modifier修饰profits就会产生歧义，所以排除D选项。
如果这道题改为The company's profits, with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling, ..... 那么这里comma+with modifier修饰profits就木有问题了，不知道我和你想的一致吗？

chineuro

with结构慎用。

云游

hjsdssz 发表于 2013-6-25 13:30
相当好的解释，我感觉你第二段其二的解释直接解决了我的疑惑，我把那个国外论坛instructor涉及到这几个知 ...

谢谢，我到目前是这么认为的，只是没有得到大牛们的确认~

15801218581

云游 发表于 2013-6-26 11:54
谢谢，我到目前是这么认为的，只是没有得到大牛们的确认~

理解的好细致。。。因为我特别讨厌区分定语状语这个状语那个状语神马的，我觉得那都算是修饰语，所以我都只记两种用法1.with型独立主格 2.伴随状语。伴随状语是伴随整个句子的，【我感觉】with后面的词的动作发出者都应该是句子主语，做题的时候用这条确实排除了很多。比如这题应该是profits increased，用with结构就变成了results increased，不通，所以不选DE。。当然这个【我感觉】没有经过语法书神马的验证，只是做题的时候还挺好用的。。

qiongle

三楼的解释感觉很详尽了

梓梦幽蝶

但是这样的说法似乎不能解释OG13 SC Q7的答案，采用了with。

笑小笑小蚂蚁

云游 发表于 2013-6-25 11:52
关于with的用法困惑颇久了，也希望NN们能够指点一下。下面说一下个人对with用法的看法，with在我看来是不是 ...

有点道理~~ 嘿嘿厉害