prep og 上的对比题 求各位解答 谢谢大家了〜〜〜

joanna5200

The organic food industry has organized a successful grassroots campaign—using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings—that have convinced the Department of Agriculture to change the proposed federal regulations for organically grown food.
A.  using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings—that have convinced
B.  using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—that has convinced
C.  by using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—in convincing
D.  by the use of Web sites, public meetings, as well as mass mailings—that convinced
E.  which used Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—in convincing

此题答案选B。但是我错选了c。也看了很多解析 说因为破折号后面作者想修饰的是campaign 但是如果加上by之后逻辑意思貌似也说的通呀？请大家在对比一下og上的一到类似的题目

Some anthropologists believe that the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the result of a "population bottleneck"--at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event, greatly reducing their numbers and thus our genetic variation.

A at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event, greatly reducing their numbers
B that at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event that greatly reduced their numbers
C that sometime in the past our ancestors suffered an event so that their numbers were greatly reduced
D some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event from which their numbers were greatly reduced
E some time in the past, that our ancestors suffered an event so as to reduce their numbers greatly,
正确答案为b选项。很疑惑这里的that的用处是什么 感觉好像that引导了一个修饰population bottleneck 的一个从句   但是怎么看出来破折号的内容就要修饰这个词呢 像D E 选项没有that 为什么就错了呢？？

bejamin1111

关于第一个By的使用
加了By后意思：The organic food industry通过这三种方式组织了草根运动；
不加by的意思：The organic food industry组织了草根运动，运动用到了这三种方式；
其实但从意思来看我觉得都ok。不过我觉得之所以这里不用会更好的原因是grassroots 这个关键词，草根，那就是自发的。
当然C的错误还包括in这个介词的误用以及D中as well as的误用

kiwifoodtown

LS说的有道理。
using 是对campaign的内容的说明。而by using是方式状语对 has organized进行修饰。很不一样。
下一题that 从句就是对a "population bottleneck"具体的解释，和上一题没什么可以比较的。

joanna5200

bejamin1111 发表于 2013-6-2 23:15
关于第一个By的使用
加了By后意思：The organic food industry通过这三种方式组织了草根运动；
不加by的意 ...

还有一个问题就是 as well as 翻译时 是翻译成：....跟.....一样 还是 翻译成"和"的意思呢？

joanna5200

kiwifoodtown 发表于 2013-6-3 10:02
LS说的有道理。
using 是对campaign的内容的说明。而by using是方式状语对 has organized进行修饰。很不一 ...

可是下一题 不加that 我把它理解为解释说明破折号前整个句子难道不可以吗？ 破折号的作用不就是解释说明前一句话的内容吗 如果只是解释population bottleneck 这个词组的话 那岂不是可以去掉破折号改为定语从句更明确一些。

kiwifoodtown

joanna5200 发表于 2013-6-3 11:36
可是下一题 不加that 我把它理解为解释说明破折号前整个句子难道不可以吗？ 破折号的作用不就是解释说明 ...

定语从句是对名词的修饰，但这里是对population bottleneck这一特别名称的注释。建议重点研究下破折号的用法。

bejamin1111

joanna5200 发表于 2013-6-3 11:34
还有一个问题就是 as well as 翻译时 是翻译成：....跟.....一样 还是 翻译成"和"的意思呢？ ...

As well as和and一样，表示并列，不过后者前后所表达的并列的事物在同一个重要级上，而前者，其后面所接的事物比前面的重要级别低。一般不可互换，记得在gmat题目中这种and 换成as well as的选项几乎都是不妥的。

chineuro

kiwifoodtown 发表于 2013-6-3 11:54
定语从句是对名词的修饰，但这里是对population bottleneck这一特别名称的注释。建议重点研究下破折号的 ...

Some anthropologists believe that the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the result of a "population bottleneck"-- that at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event that greatly reduced their numbers

这应该是同位语从句吧……如果我用的说法不对请指正。
这道题我看到B和C的开头是that就排除了其他选项，因为“直觉告诉我”破折号后that引导的句子就是用来解释前面那个宾语从句的，而不是单单一个“population bottleneck”。

回过头来其他为什么错？
A: reduce的修饰对象有疑问，ancestor还是event？
D：number被动状态，那么后面的genetic variation就不能直接跟上去，而是so were our genetic variation。C也是同样的错误
E：so as to表主动意愿，这里肯定不对；

大家如果有不不同意的欢迎讨论。

chineuro

The organic food industry has organized a successful grassroots campaign—using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings—that have convinced the Department of Agriculture to change the proposed federal regulations for organically grown food.
A.  using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings—that have convinced
B.  using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—that has convinced
C.  by using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—in convincing
D.  by the use of Web sites, public meetings, as well as mass mailings—that convinced
E.  which used Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings—in convincing

C的问题我感觉就是in convincing的用法。这里没有任何理由支持用in doing。