OG12 SC6

zhangfan89

6. In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the
Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for
cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by
tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so
that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus
was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which
raised its humidity to such levels so that salt
from the stone was crystallizing
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled,
thereby raising its humidity to such levels that
salt from the stone would crystallize
(C) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which
had raised the humidity within them to levels
such that salt from the stone would crystallize
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by
tourists raising the humidity within them to levels
so high as to make the salt from the stone
crystallize
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised
the humidity within them to such levels that salt
from the stone was crystallizing【E】

求对D选项的详细分析，特别是语法结构和them的指代~
moisture的定语从句是到哪里结束？个人认为是到tourist，但后面的raising有挺奇怪的。
还有E中的过去完成时，过去完成时不是指过去的过去么？在E中是不是指“raise the humidity”发生在“exhale”前？如果是，感觉前后顺序不太对；如果不是，句子中的过去完成时和过去式的顺序应该怎样？
求解~

zhangfan89

希望NN解答~

说人话的猪

个人拙见定语从句是到tourists，后面的raising是对moisture的修饰，去掉中间的定从，就是moisture raising the humidity... 这是没错，错在了them指代不清和平行结构。后面had raised 是表示事情发生在were closed 之后，与exhaled无关

正确与否，还请指正~

superbat28

(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize

先看raising那一串。V-ing前面如果没有逗号，那它就是形容词作定语，就近修饰前方的紧邻名词tourists。那后面的them就也是指代tourists的了。整个句子的层次应该是【because of mositure】，然后【that was exhaled by tourists】是定语从句修饰mositure，再然后【raising那一串修饰tourists】。但是，这个层次是从语义或者说逻辑角度看其实是错误的。。

(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

exhaled在这里不是动词，是V-ed在做形容词，是后置定语。也就是说句子逻辑是【because moisture had raised the .....】
而是什么样的mositure呢？作者给了一个【V-ed的形容词来修饰】，是【tourists呼出的moisture】

AC007

(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing
这里them不能指代tourists，因为tourists这个结构exhaled by tourists是moisture的定语，修饰moisture，因此them不能指向tourists；另外because与前面一个句子有紧密的逻辑关系，因此them就是指代第一句话里的Chambers。
-- by 会员 AmyGMAT (2010/5/29 1:10:44)
来自http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-462112-1-8.html

版主，这个说法对么？到底代词不能指代介词词组里的名词
如果不能指代的话，那D怎么又指代了呢

superbat28

(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing
这里them不能指代tourists，因为tourists这个结构exhaled by tourists是moisture的定语，修饰moisture，因此them不能指向tourists；另外because与前面一个句子有紧密的逻辑关系，因此them就是指代第一句话里的Chambers。
-- by 会员 AmyGMAT (2010/5/29 1:10:44)
来自http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-462112-1-8.html

版主，这个说法对么？到底代词不能指代介词词组里的名词
如果不能指代的话，那D怎么又指代了呢

-- by 会员 AC007 (2011/10/14 23:56:49)

啊呃，我觉得Amy的说法和我不矛盾啊。代词指代，到底还是个比较随意的事，我试着说一说再。
你最关心的问题，代词可以指代到【介宾结构】中的名词的。这个指代没有问题的，但其实也确实是不好的。
看下OG Q105，别的问题先不说，就关注下A的那个them。这个them指代其实没有问题的，因为句子只有一个复数名词【illustrations】，而这个词着实是在介宾结构中的。试着看下句子结构：【介宾结构】往往在句子中充当定语的作用，right？那我们假设一个句子有介宾结构，那它会是： 状语，主语，谓语，宾语。

这个时候，如果说宾语是个代词，那它去指代【主语】，那其实是没有问题的。因为二者是在一个句子层级上。
但此外，像Q105，如果说宾语是个代词，去指代【状语这个介宾结构中的宾语】（相当于一个句子的次层级），但是同时【代词不存在指代主语的可能】（如Q105），这种情况不能算错的。但是，确实也不好，因为我们在连接两个句子层级的时候，有另一种东西：【从句】。也就是正确答案的选项，right？

主从句，主从句，就是通过从句来连接两个句子层次的一个语法结构；而指代词，可能更偏向于同一个句子层次中的指代，跨层虽说不好，但不能一棍子就打死说一定错~