【求助】OG12 106 112 126 , 代词指代？ ---------续问

kingarthur00

OG12-112
As a baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision, it would be rated about 20/500, or legally blind if it were an adult with
such vision.
(A) As a baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision, it would be rated about 20/500, or legally blind if
it were an adult with such vision.
(B) A baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision that would be rated about 20/500, or legally blind as an adult.
(C) As a baby emerges from the darkness of the womb, its rudimentary sense of vision would be rated about 20/500; qualifying it to be legally
blind if an adult.
(D) A baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision that would be rated about 20/500; an adult with such vision
would be deemed legally blind.
(E) As a baby emerges from the darkness of the womb, its rudimentary sense of vision, which would deemed legally blind for an adult, would
be rated about 20/500.
OG,: it begins with a subordinate clause , whose subject is a baby; the subject of the main clause, it appears to refer back to baby.
Q1:“the subject of the main clause, it appears to refer back to baby.”这句话是根据什么判断的呢？“主句主语优先指代从句主语”或是“对称”
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OG12-126.
The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological
responses.
(A) that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses
(B) that creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
(C) creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses
(D) to create, in turn, physiological responses that are unconscious
(E) who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
OG C:this construction is less successful at clarifying the chain of events becuase creating seems to refer back to lying
Q2:这句解释是根据什么判断creating能指代lying？
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OG12-106  
Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is precisely the opposite, a tool for
communicating with a large, public audience.
(A) Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is
(B) Marconi conceived of the radio as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, but which is
(C) Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become
(D) Marconi conceived of the radio to be a tool for private conversation, a substitute for the telephone, which has become
(E) Marconi conceived of the radio to be a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, other than what it is,
OG C:it in the second clause clearly refer to the radio
Q3：it没有指代主语，为什么还清晰？   而且按照平行原则，    “；instead，it...”    这里的it指代前句的主语Marconi多完美啊

PS:偶search了cd这几题的所有帖子，没找到满意答案，但代词指代又是重要考点，所以问个究竟！期待大N们启迪，造福后人！

kingarthur00

再补充一道

113.
Because there are provisions of the new maritime
code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis
for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea
areas, they have already stimulated international
disputes over uninhabited islands.
(A) Because there are provisions of the new maritime
code that provide that even tiny islets can be the
basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fields of
large sea areas, they have already stimulated
(B) Because the new maritime code provides that
even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the
fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas, it has
already stimulated
(C) Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the
fisheries and oil fields of large sea areas under
provisions of the new maritime code, already
stimulating
(D) Because even tiny islets can be the basis for
claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea
areas under provisions of the new maritime
code, this has already stimulated
(E) Because even tiny islets can be the basis for
claims to the fisheries and oil fields of large sea
areas under provisions of the new maritime
code, which is already stimulating
OG A: in the predicate nominative instead of the subject position, provisions is not an obvious referent for the pronoun they.  
Q4:该解释什么意思？ 因为there be倒装，所以they不好指代provisions

kingarthur00

up

小唯唯

我本来是想问这道题所以搜到了你的帖子~
OG12-126.
Theuseofliedetectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological
responses.
(A) that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses
(B) that creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
(C) creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses
(D) to create, in turn, physiological responses that are unconscious
(E) who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
OG C:this construction is less successful at clarifying the chain of events becuase creating seems to refer back to lying
这个题我觉得分词结构就应该是主语发出的动作吧~如果creating前面有逗号，就是最前面的The use 发出的动作；如果没有逗号，那就是从句的主语lying发出的动作吧？

我的问题是，那个that(that, in turn)为什么指代reactions 而不是individual 呀？

miyavili

同问 为什么这里的it指代 og上说很明显是the radio

kingarthur00

同问 为什么这里的it指代 og上说很明显是the radio

-- by 会员 miyavili (2011/5/20 21:05:51)

只有radio符合逻辑意思。个人观点

kingarthur00

我本来是想问这道题所以搜到了你的帖子~
OG12-126.
Theuseofliedetectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological
responses.
(A) that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses
(B) that creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
(C) creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses
(D) to create, in turn, physiological responses that are unconscious
(E) who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
OG C:this construction is less successful at clarifying the chain of events becuase creating seems to refer back to lying
这个题我觉得分词结构就应该是主语发出的动作吧~如果creating前面有逗号，就是最前面的The use 发出的动作；如果没有逗号，那就是从句的主语lying发出的动作吧？----------根据什么判断lying是动作发出者？

我的问题是，那个that(that, in turn)为什么指代reactions 而不是individual 呀？

-- by 会员 小唯唯 (2011/4/23 8:46:58)

yajingzhang

代词是优先指代句子的主语

yajingzhang

个人感觉individual是人  that只能指代物  所以that不行 有问题还请多多指教  呵呵

kingarthur00

代词是优先指代句子的主语

-- by 会员 yajingzhang (2011/5/20 23:54:29)

有2点疑问
1）creating是分词而不是代词，分词的逻辑主语与代词指代，应该 不同吧？
2）代词是优先指代句子的主语。在没有限定"代词"在句子当中所做具体语法成分情况下，这句话反例貌似颇多吧？