有考点是应该选including嘛？（作介词）

abby666666

rt
见好多题都是which include，including选including
求确认

飞行2010

原来我也是这么认为，但是经过做多题，感觉是这样的。
例如：

In attempting to solve the problems caused by a lowering of the price of oil, oil companies operating in the North Sea have taken a variety of approaches, which includes their reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more efficiently from smaller fields, and finding innovative ways to cut the cost of building and operating platforms.

A.which includes their reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more efficiently

B.which includes reducing employment, using new technology to be more efficient in pumping oil

C.which include reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more efficiently

D.which include the reduction of employment, their using new technology to pump oil more efficient

E.including a reduction of employment, their use of new technology to be more efficient at pumping oil
这里的which include和including 其实在语意上并没有明显区别，我们可以看到C,E有个主要的区别是E中有个their.因为前面的复数名词不止一个，所以很难瞬间判断指代谁，会产生歧义，这样不好。得根据具体的区别来分析，不要记忆。不知是否能明白呵呵。

abby666666

原来我也是这么认为，但是经过做多题，感觉是这样的。
例如：

In attempting to solve the problems caused by a lowering of the price of oil, oil companies operating in the North Sea have taken a variety of approaches, which includes their reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more efficiently from smaller fields, and finding innovative ways to cut the cost of building and operating platforms.

A.which includes their reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more efficiently

B.which includes reducing employment, using new technology to be more efficient in pumping oil

C.which include reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more efficiently

D.which include the reduction of employment, their using new technology to pump oil more efficient

E.including a reduction of employment, their use of new technology to be more efficient at pumping oil
这里的which include和including 其实在语意上并没有明显区别，我们可以看到C,E有个主要的区别是E中有个their.因为前面的复数名词不止一个，所以很难瞬间判断指代谁，会产生歧义，这样不好。得根据具体的区别来分析，不要记忆。不知是否能明白呵呵。

-- by 会员 飞行2010 (2010/2/11 9:02:45)

也就是说including=which include?对吗？~

飞行2010

不一定，你得看在什么句子中根据语意来判断。不要死记，没有定论。。。

abby666666

可刚才你举得那例子没有用include刨除呀？。。。==

飞行2010

我是没有用，因为我发现还有比他们的区别更大的区别。

abby666666

。。。我不想知道选什么，只想知道这个点。。

ghgriffin

太武断了，没有什么绝对的东西

cx_ding

which从句和分词从句表达的含义不一样。
一般来说，which要有明确指代对象，而分词如果表结果的话，可以没有明确指代对象。
就事论事，这个句子还有平行的要求。
请大牛指正。

heslington

C is better, the main point here is parallelism: reducing unemployment... using new technology... and finding innovative ways. E is eliminated because of the violation of parallelism, whether it should be 'which include' or 'including' in this case is irrelevant.