一道og 18的语法题

CLAREni

Before 1988, insurance companies in California were free to charge whatever rates the market would bear, needing no approval from regulators before raising rates.

• Aneeding no approval from regulators before raising
• Band it needed no approval by regulators before raising
• Cand needing no approval from regulators before they raised
• Dwith approval not needed by regulators before they raised
• Ewith no approval needed from regulators before the raising of
• 正确答案是a
• 但是为什么e 不对呢
  

wowwow08

因为A中的needing这一现在分词作为伴随状语，其逻辑主语正确的对应了主句主语——该动作的发出者“保险公司”；而E的with结构是就近修饰前面的名词，因此不能对应到保险公司上。

关于with的这一用法可以参见OG15的第七题：

The intricate structure of the compound insect eye, having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed that it evolved independently of the vertebrate eye.
A having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed that it
B having hundreds of miniature eyes that are called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that they
C with its hundreds of miniature eyes that are called ommatidia,helps explain scientists' assuming that they
D with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain scientists' assuming that it
E with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that it

CLAREni

up

emmahiggins09

这里是 comma Ving 的一种用法：主系表 + comma ving 这里 comma ving 表示补充说明前面的主系表

E选项中有两个错误：

首先 ，the raising of rates 很wordy 能有动宾表达清楚的就不要用A of B 这种名词性组合，句子要concise.
其次 ，容许我补充一下楼上所说的 comma with 的用法。comma with 可以做ADJ modifier 就像楼上所举出的例子因为这个例子里在comma 之前是个名词性组合所以这里comma with 是ADJ modifier.

但是comma with 也是可以做ADV modifier 修饰动词。如果comma 前是一个句子的话，根据句意的话comma with 有很大的可能是修饰verb

CLAREni

emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-7-31 23:40
这里是 comma Ving 的一种用法：主系表 + comma ving 这里 comma ving 表示补充说明前面的主系表

E选项中 ...

所以e选项中的with 也可以理解为修饰 were free to charge whatever rates 吗？
这个动作不需要regulators 的同意？

emmahiggins09

CLAREni 发表于 2017-8-1 00:05
所以e选项中的with 也可以理解为修饰 were free to charge whatever rates 吗？
这个动作不需要regulator ...

我现在还没有找到反例来证明E中 comma with 可以用来修饰主系表；

一般如果是要做补充说明的话， comma ving 是用在主系表之后的最natural 的选项。

如果楼主有看到反例的话 欢迎贴出来，和大家一起学习进步哦

riven_aachen

问了一个native speaker，他认为E中no approval needed这个被动语态不如A中的主动语态有效，毕竟在这里可以清晰地知道动作发出者是谁，其次raising of也有问题

An_qi

看一下！