关于this/that/those/these+n，不能裸奔的疑问

问啊问啊

在曼哈顿笔记中代词一章提到：

1．this,that, these, those 在句子中不能裸奔，必须用作this/that/those/these+n 的结构才能做代词使用，而这个名词则是能体现先行词性质的词。(this,those, that and these are never

used as a stand-alone pronoun without a nounfollowing)

EG：New”nano-papers” incorporatefibers that give THESE MATERIALS strength,

2．that或those可以表明一个新的copy关于先行词的，避免重复。

EG: The money spent by her parents is more thanthat spent by her children.

请问这两条的例句是否矛盾？2中的例句，more than that spent by her children.，that不是没有跟任何名词，直接裸奔了me?

再比如：
GWD25-Q37.

Though the law willrequire emissions testing of all diesel vehicles, from tractor trailers toexcursion buses, it will have no effect on sport utility vehicles, almost allof which are gasoline powered, and will not be subjected toemissions-control standards as stringent as they are for diesel-poweredvehicles.

A.    powered,and will not be subjected to emissions-control standards as stringent as theyare for

B.    powered,and therefore not subjected to emissions-control standards that are asstringent as those of

C.    poweredand therefore not subject to emissions-control standards as stringent as thosefor

D.    powered,which are not subject to emissions-control standards as stringent as they arefor

E.    poweredand therefore they are not subject to emissions-control standards as stringentas those of

正确选项是C，C中的as stringent as those for也是those直接裸奔，跟了介词for,那岂不是和注意点1矛盾了?
GWD笔记中提到，还提到D的另一个错误， they应该改成those，这个又怎么理解呢?

问啊问啊

而且在曼哈顿高阶中还专门提到
看似又是矛盾，到底该如何理解？

2．在比较中，that of , those of 常常很重要
The faces I see in ads is a famous actor. < The face I see in ads is that of a famous actor
但有时候that又是多余的？？
The fields I most enjoy are those of math and physics. <The filed I most enjoy are math and physics

ukyo2003

你把知识点搞混了。
that, this不能裸奔是说不能指代前面一整句话。

that/those做名词指代完全是合法的，表示another copy，相对应的是用it/they指代就是表示原来的事物。

要都说裸奔，我还见过these裸奔呢，these后面不加名词直接指代前面的名词，还是个prep的正确句子。