求助代词指代问题 prep

mogu724

In addition to her work on the Miocene hominid fossil record, Mary Leakey contributed to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documenting East African cave paintings.                                    

• ALeakey contributed to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documenting
• BLeakey contributed to archaeology by her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and by painstakingly documenting
• CLeakey was a contributor to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and with her painstaking documentation of
• DLeakey's contributions to archaeology include her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and her painstaking documentation of
• ELeakey's contributions to archaeology include discovering the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstaking documentation of
  

正确答案  D
如果选d的话， 第一句中的her不是就没有指代对象了么？


Paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould has argued that many biological traits are not the products of natural selection, favored due to their enhancement of reproduction or survival, but that they are simply random by-products of other evolutionary developments.                                    

• Adue to their enhancement of reproduction or survival, but that they are
• Bdue to the reproduction or survival they enhance, but they are
• Cbecause they enhance reproduction or survival, but
• Dbecause they enhance reproduction or survival, but are
• Ebecause of enhancing reproduction or survival, but are
  

正确答案  D
我选的是c 为什么要加are呀 前后不是不平行了么

laizi

第一道题。

her 是物主代词，照映后面的名词所有格xx's，没有任何问题。物主代词不能单独充当名词性成分（主语、宾语等），所以不能完全代替名词及其短语，因而不存在指代，至多也就是个对应而已，象本题里的her对应阴性所有格，二者后面都还要加名词的。

A in addition to B，A和B首先是必须具有相同的特性，这点类似比较结构中对比较双方的要求。这道题in addition to 后面中心语是work，所以与之对应的句子主语必须是所属于人的物，而不是人本身。

第二道题

划线部分之后，中心词by-products，名词性的，可能担当的成分是宾语或表语，而整个句子是个宾语从句（那么极有可能是做从句的宾语或表语），前面一定要有相应的动词或系动词做谓语。not ... but ... 平行，中间是插入，前面系动词are，又没什么时态跨越，后面自然也是are。

值得注意的是，因为中间插入部分because 后是以名词结尾的句子。but后如果直接是个名词，让人产生疑惑：by-products到底与谁构成转折？前面的products，还是后面的reproduction or survival？加上are就很明确了。

原句：古生物学家认为许多生物特征并不是以其促进繁衍和存活而具有优势就成为自然选择的产物，而只是另一些进化演变中随机的副产品而已。   

歪歪的

第一个prep07 52
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/imporant-homicide-fosiil-record-mary-leakey-t1842.html
her是possessive pronouns，可以指代所有格。

mogu724

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