prep上的180题 求解求解谢谢各位〜〜〜〜〜〜

joanna5200

Noting that the FederalReserve had raised a key short-term interest rate again last month, analystssaid that they expected orders for durable goods to decline soon becauserisinginterest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit
A.   rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit
B.   rising interest rates make buying on credit more expensive
C.   a rise in interest rates make it more expensive to buy on credit
D.  a rise in interest rates make buying on credit more expensive    (B)
E.  a rise in interest rates makes it more expensive forthem to be bought on credit

A选项语法笔记给出的解释是：make it more expensive tobuy them中them无所指，语法上指代orders，但逻辑上应该指代durablegoods
1不懂为什么语法上会指代orders啊？看句义就晓得应该指goods啊~而且goods算就近指代啊~是因为durable goods在介词短语里才不被指代嚒？~
2到底什么时候会指代不清呢？是只要前面有两个复数名词就算指代不清嚒？
3关于them they these指代好混乱啊，到底是就近指代还是符合语义嘞？求NN解救啊啊~~~

joanna5200

云游 发表于 2013-6-4 11:40
关于Pronoun ambiguity建议可以参见以下manhattan语法，其中有精彩的解释。我这里Quote一段如下：
“ W ...

很详细 谢谢你啦！！

云游

joanna5200 发表于 2013-6-4 08:46
对了 还有就是楼下的观点 我也有些相同的疑惑 就是前面出现过they  这么来说的话 这个them就应该和前面的 ...

For instance, even though you could find several possible antecedents before the pronoun, GMAT still consider this sentence acceptble only if the intended antecedent is clear(e.g., by virtues of parallelism and meaning). If we put this principle in this choice B, the antecedent definitely won't be the determiner to eliminate it. Here is a setence:“Supernovas destory their immediate environments in vast explorations, but by synthesizing heavy chemical elements, they provide the universe with the possibility of biochemistry-based life as we know it.　”　This sentence is acceptable in GMAT since the antecedent of "they" is clear by virtues of meaning, even though several other possible antecedents exist before the pronoun "they".  

As such I quoted several other tips from Manhatan SC(Hope that would be helpful on your understanding of pronoun in GMAT):
1. Don’t apply pronoun ambiguity unless you are backed into a corner.
2. The subject is the most important noun in the sentence; thus, it generally makes the best antecedent.

云游

joanna5200 发表于 2013-6-4 08:46
对了 还有就是楼下的观点 我也有些相同的疑惑 就是前面出现过they  这么来说的话 这个them就应该和前面的 ...

关于Pronoun ambiguity建议可以参见以下manhattan语法，其中有精彩的解释。我这里Quote一段如下：
“ What if the sentence contains only one pronoun but more than one possible antecedent?
【pronoun前有n個possible antecedents的情況】
 解決辦法：
1) 根據meaning、parallelism等原則來確定某個pronoun對應的possible antecedents
If the intended antecedent of a single pronoun is clear (e.g., by virtue of parallelism and meaning), and if there is no other reasonable antecedent, then don’t worry if there is an unreasonable antecedent somewhere else in the sentence.【如果按照上述原則判斷得出唯一的reasonable antecedent，這個antecedent就是該pronoun指代的內容。GMAT會認為這個句子是正確的！否則如果出現多於1個的reasonable antecedents，這個句子就會產生ambiguity，GMAT就會認為這個句子是錯誤的。】”

joanna5200

zxppx 发表于 2013-6-3 16:13
这里之所以会说them在语法上指代Orders，是因为durable goods是作为介词短语的宾语，是不能被清晰指代的。G ...

对了 还有就是楼下的观点 我也有些相同的疑惑 就是前面出现过they  这么来说的话 这个them就应该和前面的they指代保持一致 这样的话 并不是像解析所说的指order了呀？

joanna5200

云游 发表于 2013-6-2 13:05
在GMAT考试中的指代问题是非常有toleranced的，所以千万不要去苛求去用这一块排除（血淋淋的教训）；其实PR ...

好的好的 明白了〜谢谢你！加油！

htl9043

我的看法和LZ提供的答案不太一样。我觉得这个them的问题在于前面出现过一个they了，在同一句话中不能指代两个不同的对象

zxppx

这里之所以会说them在语法上指代Orders，是因为durable goods是作为介词短语的宾语，是不能被清晰指代的。GMAT中出现过类似的考点，你可以看一下OG12第一题，C选项的解释：
As the object of a preposition and not the
subject of the clause, James Cook does not
work as the noun that the verbal phrase
beginning with naming can describe
但是我建议，最好不要用这种方法，因为只根据代词来判断，可能会出错！

zxppx

云游 发表于 2013-6-2 13:05
在GMAT考试中的指代问题是非常有toleranced的，所以千万不要去苛求去用这一块排除（血淋淋的教训）；其实PR ...

我同意楼上的说法。不过要补充一点，写在楼下！

云游

在GMAT考试中的指代问题是非常有toleranced的，所以千万不要去苛求去用这一块排除（血淋淋的教训）；其实PREP在这上面常常使用指代来解释答案，都是从答案逆向推得而已，实不可取！

其实做SC可以从很多语法点中来得出答案，我们先纵向看题：
1）先看主谓一致，A, rates makes...排除！C/D a rise make..排除！
2）剩下B,E，稍作对比就可发现E中问题实在太多：it没有指代对象；for them to be bought on...wordy！
3）如果深层次的比较一下a rise in the interest和rising interest我们也能够得到答案：analyst 说希望orders能够decline,这说明这个interest rates是一个正在上涨的rate，故用rising interest; a rise in the interest rate是一个客观事实，不能表达出原句的intended meaning.（此处是语义上的subtle error,可以用来排除，但我相信楼主经过1,2两个步骤就已经可以得到正确答案了，效率岂不更高？）

总而言之，代词指代问题千万不能用作是SC解题的Split，而很多培训机构包括讨论帖中对这个知识点不假思索并囫囵吞枣的进行讲解和强调实属混淆视听，不负责任的行为，我也曾深受其害。
希望我的观点多楼主有帮助，杀G路上一起加油。