GWD-6-Q18

enkyklios

Unearthed in China, fossils of feathered dinosaurs offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds.

• offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
• offer evidence more dramatic than what has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
• offer more dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship than any yet discovered between dinosaurs and birds
• have offered the most dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds that have yet been discovered
• have offered more dramatic evidence than any that has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds (any 为什么不可以使用）
• 
  
  

32.The Chicago and Calumet Rivers originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by constructingcanals so that the water now empties into the Mississippi by way of the Illinois River.

(A) Rivers originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by constructing

(B) Rivers had originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but they have been redirected by constructing

(C) Rivers, which originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan but have been redirected by the construction of

(D) Rivers, originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by the construction of   (E)

(E) Rivers, originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, have been redirected through the construction of   

主要问题是but句或者and句，连词后可否加一个功能状语？


In California today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
A. In California today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
B. Of the Californians under the age of eighteen, today more than 43 percent of them are Hispanic, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
C. Today, more than 43 percent of Californians under the age of eighteen are Hispanic, compared with about 35 percent a decade ago.
D. Today, compared to a decade ago, Californians who are Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, whereas it was about 35 percent.
E. Today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen in California
account for more than 43 percent, unlike a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent



Elk now live almost solely in the Rocky Mountains, which would make it seem that elk are mountain

dwellers, while they once ranged over virtually all of the continental United States except for a small strip in the extreme Southwest.
A. Elk now live almost solely in the Rocky Mountains, which would make it seem that elk are mountain dwellers, while
B. The fact that elk now live almost solely in the Rocky Mountains would make it seem that they are mountain dwellers, but
C. It would seem that elk would be mountain dwellers because of their living now solely almost in the Rocky Mountains, but still
D. Now living almost solely in the Rocky Mountains, it would seem that elk were mountain dwellers, although
E. It seems that elk would be mountain dwellers from the fact that they now live solely almost in the Rocky Mountains, since   

Q8:TTGWD2-Q1:

Neither First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt nor Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins sought recognition by the press, and both cautiously allowed others of the Roosevelt brain trust to take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security that were in large measure what they had been responsible for.

A. to take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security that were in large measure what they had been responsible for
B. to take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security for which the two women were in large measure responsible
C. taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security for which the two women were in large measure responsible   
D. taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security that were in large measure what they were responsible for   
E. taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security which were largely their responsibility               

Wind resistance created by opening windows while driving results in a fuel penalty as great or greater than is incurred by using air conditioning.
A  as great or greater than is incurred by using air conditioning.
B  that is as great or greater than is incurred by using air conditioning
C  as great as or greater than that of using air conditoning
D  at least as great as air conditioning's
E  at least as great as that incurred by using air conditioning
C为什么错呢？

boreposuo

boreposuo 发表于 2013-10-21 16:19
Unearthed in China, fossils of feathered dinosaurs offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered o ...

能否这样理解：fossils of...提供了最生动的证据关于尚未发现(yet discovered)的恐龙与鸟类之间密切的进化关系？

D的have offered 为什么不可以使用？

boreposuo

Unearthed in China, fossils of feathered dinosaurs offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds.

A.        offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
B.        offer evidence more dramatic than what has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
C.        offer more dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship than any yet discovered between dinosaurs and birds
D.        have offered the most dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
E.        have offered more dramatic evidence than any that has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds

大熊兄,此题各选项应该如何分析？尤其是yet 的用法，难以理解。求教！谢谢

enkyklios

切尔西 发表于 2013-5-23 18:21
呵呵，会有和你理解一样的人都吧，其实英语的理解上，建议不要太过单一的记忆单词的意思呢，在不同的场合 ...

解读OG11-50既大全643的OG注释

[size=1em] 一直觉得这题大家的讨论好像都是模模糊糊的，OG的解释也似乎很高深，大全解释也很简单，也许这题太容易的缘故吧，反正我是怎么都读不顺，干脆一点点拆解它，结合CDers的意见，对这题作个回顾，希望大家批评指正。 [size=1em]That educators have not anticipated the impact                 of microcomputer technology can hardly be             said that it is their fault: Alvin Toffler, one of the most prominent students of the future, did not even mention microcomputers in                 Future Shock, published in 1970. [size=1em](A)        That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said that it is their fault [size=1em](B)         That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said to be at fault [size=1em](C)         It can hardly be said that it is the fault of educators who have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology [size=1em](D)        It can hardly be said that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology [size=1em](E)         The fact that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said [size=1em]Grammatical construction [size=1em]Although it is possible to begin a sentence with a subordinate clause beginning with that, this inverted                 construction often results in errors such as those found here. In the original sentence, the subordinate clause that ... technology is followed by the main verb, can ... be said, but then the verb is followed by yet another subordinate clause, that it is their fault. The best way to solve this problem is by putting the sentence in the expected order, with the main clause (It can hardly be said) preceding the subordinate clause (that ... )（根据OG的这句话得出正确的句子顺序应该是:It can hardly be said that educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology and that it is their fault，it指上一个that从句整个句意）. For greater clarity and concision, the two subordinate clauses should be condensed into one: educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology. [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em]A  Inverting the usual order results in an ungrammatical construction in which the main verb is both preceded and followed by a [size=1em]subordinate clause [size=1em]CDer：第二个it这里应该是作为形式主语，但是也会被误解为代词，如果是代词则没有了指代对象，所以形式主语一般都 [size=1em]要放句首，所以A就是容易引起歧义的典型错误。 [size=1em]我：根据OG解释还原语序被inverted前的句子应该是：It can hardly be said that educators have not anticipated the impact of [size=1em]microcomputer technology and that it is their fault(it可指上一个that从句整个句意，但易引起指代误会）。这样看A的错误是不是就清 [size=1em]楚一些呢？ [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em]B Can hardly be said to be at fault does not grammatically complete the subordinate clause [size=1em]CDer：B不完整的原因如下：转换成主动语态角度看：(sb.) can say that educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology to be at fault. to前面已经是完整的句子，to be at fault连在后面就错了。 [size=1em]我：sb be said to be sth/to do sth； it can be said that都是say的习惯用法,但是否可以sb be said to be at fault（一个人+被说+有责任）不确定，而that…be said to be at fault就不是say的习惯用法了，没有习惯用法，就得在语法上用句子来完成句意，这样来看to be at fault不能表达一个句子才能表达的完整意思，没有主语，没有谓语，不知道谁to be at fault，OG认为educators are at fault或者it is their fault才算grammatically complete。 [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em]C Construction that it is ... who have not is wordy and awkward（见后面解释）; it also distorts                 [size=1em]meaning(指改变原句重心educator->fault)and lacks completion(指强调句型没有完成。因为OG认为 [size=1em]正确的句子应该是这样的： It can hardly be said that it is educators who are at fault for not [size=1em]anticipating the impact of             microcomputer technology,但是it is educators who are…因为wordy被替 [size=1em]换为正确选项中的educators are at fault…) [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em]D Correct. This sentence has the main clause followed by one subordinate clause correctly introduced by that. [size=1em]It 是形式主语,真正主语是that从句，如果不考虑原句需要强调的hardly,将被动态转变成主动语态应该是：Some people say that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em]E The fact is wordy（fact抽象概括从句的内容，OG认为在本句中不适合）; the inverted construction [size=1em]does not successfully convey the meaning of the sentence [size=1em]句子The fact … can hardly be said被动语态不能传递原句意，也就是所即使去掉the fact,修改为主语从句+can hardly be said:That educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said也是不对的。但是作为母语非英语的人士，我觉得这句用被动态也挺好，真是读不出来和正确答案语感上的差别。 [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em]补充: [size=1em]at fault adv.感到困惑、有故障 /出了毛病应受责备if someone is at fault, they are responsible for something bad that has happened, [size=1em]eg.Some people claim that it is the UN that is at fault. [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em] [size=1em]

切尔西

enkyklios 发表于 2013-5-23 18:15
我现在相信，我已经理解了，但是这个问题其实不太容易说清楚。
我在另一个求助贴里版主回答了我，对这个 ...

呵呵，会有和你理解一样的人都吧，其实英语的理解上，建议不要太过单一的记忆单词的意思呢，在不同的场合用不同的中文来和词所在的语言环境搭配，会让你理解的更顺畅的，加油

enkyklios

切尔西 发表于 2013-5-23 18:13
这里的when需要翻译为是当什么什么的时候，大致就是说当一个人是一个组织的成员的时候，用on the group来表 ...

我现在相信，我已经理解了，但是这个问题其实不太容易说清楚。
我在另一个求助贴里版主回答了我，对这个问题我很好奇别人是不是都像我一样多年来一直理解错了

切尔西

这里的when需要翻译为是当什么什么的时候，大致就是说当一个人是一个组织的成员的时候，用on the group来表示

enkyklios

对，不怕不知道:就怕直到得是错误的。多年来我一直错了

Hliujing

on" used to show when someone is a member of a group or organization:  这句话你focus 在when上就错了啊。。这个解释只是说 on是用来表示一个人属于一个群体或组织，就这个意思，而不是非要翻译成 用来表示 当一个人属于。。的时候。 不是强调时间啊。。感觉是强调这件事存在的状态。牛津和剑桥意思都是一样的没有你说那个意思啊。

suzibi

非NN
on这个介词比较灵活，除了表时间，还有很多其他的用法，on the group, on the staff我觉得是表示一种所处的状态或所具有的特征。正如词典中的英文解释，就是表达了某人所处的一种状态和特征。