Manhattan 中关于现在完成式的疑问

Apolloemma

It's fine to write Veronica traveled all over the world and omit any specific, completed time reference. In this case, you are making a statement  about Veronica today (the kind of person she is, her experience and qualities, etc).

(这里是说现在完成式表示持续效果？Travel 这个动作对现在造成的影响就是，travel这个行动已经成了她的一个经验？)

Finally, the Present Perfect can be used -ing forms, infinitives  or subordinate clauses to clarify an ambiguous  sequence in time  For instance, the word when can mean either "at the same time" or "after." The use of Present Perfect resolves the meaning.


Right: She WILL PAY you when you ASK her         (No Present Perfect)
          She will pay you at the same time as you ask her, or maybe just after.
Right: She WILL PAY you when you HAVE TAKEN out the garbage        (Present Perfect)
          = She will pay you clearly after you take out the garbage and have proven it!

(原句哪里表示"的确如此"呀。是不是have taken 在这里同时表示了两个意思：1 take 这个动作在pay 这个动作之前，2，take这个动作已经发生过了？)

Apolloemma

Din一下。